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Bioremediation of nitrogen-and phosphorus-polluted aquaculture sediment by utilizing combined immobilized effective microorganisms and sediment aeration technology

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第6期12卷 192-201页

作者： Liangkai Wang xiaohou shao Ming Xu Shuang Chen College of Agricultural Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China of Ministry of Education Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environment Science Nanjing 210000China

The endogenous release of nitrogen and phosphorus from aquaculture sediment can continuously pollute the water quality in aquaculture *** this study,an integrated bioremediation approach that combined effective microorganisms(EM)with aeration techniques was designed to restore contaminated aquaculture ***,a set of laboratory-scale experiments was designed to evaluate the feasibility of the technology for the bioremediation of nitrogen and *** removal and transformation efficiency indexes of both the overlying water and sediment were *** the obtained results,the combination of sediment aeration and immobilized EM significantly improved the nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate from the overlying water and sediment when compared to other ***,a series of field-scale experiments was further implemented to assess the integrated technique in practical *** field experiments,the variation in the comprehensive trophic level index(TLI)and sediment biodegradation activities(G value)was used to assess the effect of sediment *** pond II which promotes sediment biodegradation,the values of TLI varied from 70.13 to 54.16,and the classification level changed from Hypereutrophic to a Light *** addition,the G value increased from 0.98 kg/(kg·h)to 2.12 kg/(kg·h).The organic matter(OM)and sediment thickness(ST)decreased by 17.4 g/kg and 2.3 cm,*** obtained results indicated that the combination of EM and sediment aeration might be feasible and effective for the remediation of nitrogen-and phosphorus-polluted aquaculture sediment.

关键词： effective microorganisms immobilization technology aeration aquaculture sediment bioremediation

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Dynamics of physiological characteristics and dry matter accumulation under rain-water storage irrigation

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第3期14卷 148-155页

作者： Yuanyuan Li xiaohou shao Yanbin Li Menghua Xiao School of Water Conservancy North China University of Water Resource and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450045China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Rural Water Conservancy Research Institute Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and EstuaryHangzhou 310020China

Photosynthesis is related to dry matter accumulation in aboveground part of rice plant,which is the direct factor of *** study carried out research on physiological indicators and the relationship between photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation under different water management in paddy *** general,the photosynthetic and physiological indicators showed the trend of increasing and then decreasing with the growth stage of *** results showed that,chlorophyll content and leaf area index of rice leaves showed a quadratic curve positive *** light transmission reached the maximum at heading-flowering stage,and it had quadratic relationship with leaf area index,while it showed extremely positive correlation under rain-water storage irrigation *** rate(Pn)and transpiration rate(Tr)had quadratic curve positive correlation with chlorophyll *** water condition under rain-water storage was favorable for dry matter accumulation in *** multiple regression and main factor analysis,canopy light transmission,light transmission coefficient and Pn were main factors related to dry matter *** conclusions in this article were helpful for promoting rice yield in practice.

关键词： physiological index dry matter accumulation canopy light transmission regression analysis

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Effects of compound microbial inoculant treated wastewater irrigation on soil nutrients and enzyme activities

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第6期9卷 100-108页

作者： Wang Chunfang shao xiaohou Xu Huilian Chang Tingting Wang Weina Key Laboratory of Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Water and Soil Environment in Southern China Ministry of EducationHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China International Nature Farming Research Center MatsumotoNagano 390-1401Japan

Wastewater treated by compound microbial inoculant(CMI)in agricultural irrigation can enrich soil fertility and decompose the possible *** this study,a greenhouse experiment using tomato as the model crop was performed to investigate the effects of treated wastewater irrigation on soil nutrients and *** this purpose,certain parameters were measured,including soil total nitrogen(N),nitrate N,total phosphorus(P),available potassium(K)and the activities of the enzymes urease,acid phosphatase and catalase in soils irrigated with fresh water,wastewater and CMI-treated wastewater under three amount of irrigation *** results showed that irrigation with both treated and untreated wastewater significantly increased soil total N,total P,and available K,however the treated wastewater showed higher effects on soil enrichment,especially on available *** activity of soil urease and acid phosphatase reached highest with treated wastewater irrigation,whereas wastewater irrigation increased the activity of catalase *** enzyme and nutrient with fresh water irrigation decreased with increasing water amount;the content of soil urease,nitrate-nitrogen,total N and total P in treated wastewater and wastewater irrigation rose with increasing water amount,but the highest activity of acid phosphatase and the lowest activity of catalase were found in medium irrigation water *** the condition of tomato cultivation,total N,nitrate N and total P were closely correlated with soil urease and catalase;there were significant positive correlation among soil urease,catalase,total N,nitrate N and total P;there existed significantly positive correlation between acid phosphatase and all measured soil nutrient *** results suggested that irrigation with CMI-treated wastewater is a security and effective strategy to agricultural land management.

关键词： wastewater irrigation water quality soil enzyme activity soil nutrients compound microbial inoculant(CMI)

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Effects of water and nitrogen coupling on growth,physiology and yield of rice

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 60-66页

作者： Yuanyuan Li xiaohou shao Daoxi Li Menghua Xiao Xiujun Hu Jing He School of Water Conservancy North China University of Water Resource and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450045China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary Hangzhou 310020China Institute of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric PowerHangzhou 310018China Nanjing Water Conservancy Construction Engineering Testing Center Co. Ltd.Nanjing 210036China

Water and nitrogen fertilizer are two essential factors for quality and yield formation of *** study was carried out to investigate the effects of water and nitrogen fertilizer coupling on yield-related factors,such as growth(height),physiological indicators(chlorophyll and leaf area index(LAI))and yield composition indicators(productive panicles,thousand grain weight and total grains per panicle).Results showed that,the height difference under two irrigation regimes was not significant,and it showed no difference until the tillering stage(p>0.05).The water control method for controlled and mid-gathering irrigation(CMI)was favorable for nutrients converting to rice *** the height difference for CMI and conventional irrigation(CVI)was the biggest at 80 d after rice *** analysis showed the effect of fertilization on height was significant(p<0.05).With organic fertilizer application,it could control plant growth and promote the nutrients converting to the *** change curve of LAI was similar to chlorophyll *** fertilizer application could not only promote chlorophyll content and LAI,but also delay leaf fading and promote *** fertilizer factors showed significant difference on rice yield,compared to irrigation regimes showing no *** the irrigation and fertilizer factors together,the interaction was *** descending orders for the effects of water and nitrogen on rice yield were fertilizer,water and fertilizer,*** analysis showed that the productive panicles and total grains per panicle of rice were extremely significant on rice yield,and the direct effect of total grains per panicle on yield was greater than that of productive *** study results could provide theoretical basis for water and nitrogen management to improve rice production.

关键词： water and nitrogen coupling controlled and mid-gathering irrigation(CMI) organic fertilizer growth and physiology regression and path analysis rice yield

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Irrigation scheduling for corn in a coastal saline soil

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第6期9卷 91-99页

作者： Chang Tingting shao xiaohou Ye Huan Li Wei Zhang Jie Zhang Zhanyu Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China of Ministry of Education Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Investigation and Design Institute of Hebei Tianjin 300250China

Currently,water scarcity is serious and the irrigation scheduling with efficient water use becomes important in *** this study,irrigation systems were scheduled in the saline area along Laizhou *** study was conducted to determine the relation of irrigation regime and crop yield from 2010 to 2012,and the representative rainfall years(high-flow year,normal-flow year and low-flow year)were calculated by analyzing rainfall frequency over 30 *** irrigation regimes were set according to local farmers’*** amounts of T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 and T6 were 225.0 mm,270.0 mm,337.5 mm,300.0 mm,360.0 mm and 450.0 mm,respectively,with the same frequency of four *** results showed that soil salt content decreased with the increase of irrigation water *** corn yield varied from 6560 kg/hm2 to 8060 kg/*** highest yield was obtained from *** functions related to irrigated water(I,mm)for corn yield(Y,kg/hm2)was Y=−0.0397I2+1059.6(R2=0.8892).Aiming at high corn yield,total water supply(irrigation and rainfall)to corn crops was 859 *** amounts at low-flow year(p=80%),normal-flow year(p=50%)and high-flow year(p=20%)were obtained by the simulation of rainfall frequency curve,which were 348 mm,457 mm and 604 mm respectively in the whole growth period(from late June to mid-October).In order to obtain the highest theoretical corn yield,according to field results and rainfall,the optimum irrigation frequency at low-flow year,normal-flow year or high-flow year was four times for corn in the saline area along Laizhou Bay.

关键词： corn(Zea mays) irrigation regime desalination rainfall soil salinity

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Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants Removal from Rice Field Drainage with Ecological Agriculture Ditch: A Field Case

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第12期91卷 2827-2841页

作者： Lina Chen Wenshuo Zhang Junyi Tan xiaohou shao Yaliu Qiu Fangxiu Zhang Xiang Zhang College of Agricultural Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River Channel and Estuary Regulation Ministry of Water ResourcesZhengzhou450003China Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education College of EnvironmentHohai UniversityNanjing210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Jiangsu Engineering Consulting Center Nanjing210000China Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Zhengzhou450003China Gaochun Water Resources Management Center Nanjing211300China

Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in agricultural drainage can cause a series of water environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies and non-point source *** monitoring the water purification effect of a paddy ditch wetland in Gaochun,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,we investigated the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of N and P pollutants in paddy drains during the whole reproductive period of ***,the dynamic changes of nitrogen and phosphorus in time and space during the two processes of rainfall after basal fertilization and topdressing were analyzed after *** last,the effect of the ditch wetland on nutrient purification and treatment mechanism,along with changing flow and concentration in paddy drains,was *** results of this study showed that the concentrations of various nitrogen and phosphorus in the ditch basically reached the peak on the second and third days after the rainfall(5.98 mg/L for TN and 0.21 mg/L for TP),which provided a response time for effective control of nitrogen and phosphorus *** drainage can be purified by the ecological ditch,about 89.61%,89.03%,89.61%,98.14%,and 79.05%of TN,NH4+-N,NO3−-N,NO2−-N,and TP *** is more effective than natural ditches for water purification with 80.59%,40%,12.07%,91.06%and 18.42%removal rates,*** results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and improving the water environment of rivers and lakes scientifically.

关键词： Paddy field ecological ditches nitrogen phosphorus

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Effects of irrigation regimes on soil NO_(3)^(-)-N, electrical conductivity and crop yield in plastic greenhouse

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第1期12卷 109-115页

作者： Tingting Chang Yujie Zhang Zhanyu Zhang xiaohou shao Weina Wang Jie Zhang Xu Yang Huilian Xu Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China of Ministry of Education Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China International Nature Farming Research Center Matsumoto390-1401Japan

Developing water-saving irrigation regimes has important practical significance not only in alleviating the crucial water shortage,but also in controlling soil salinization for the protected cultivation in eastern China.A field study with six treatments was conducted to evaluate the effects of different irrigation regimes with subdrainage systems on the soil nitrate nitrogen,salinity and moisture,also evaluate the effects on tomato growth,fruit yield and irrigation water use efficiency(IWUE).The treatments were distinguished by three different irrigation amounts of 310 mm,360 mm and 410 mm,and two irrigation frequencies of 7 and 11 *** showed that the irrigation amount had significant effects on the soil NO_(3)^(-)-N and electric conductivity(EC).A positive correlation was detected between soil NO_(3)^(-)-N(x)and EC(y)at 0-20 m depth after harvest,with a linear equation of y=*** volumetric moisture at 0.10 m and 0.20 m depth was increased as the irrigation amount ***,a higher amount of irrigation increased the fruit yield but reduced the IWUE of *** was also found that smaller irrigation amounts combined with frequent intervals could increase fruit yield and ***,the fruit quality of tomato had a significant(p<0.05)negative correlation with irrigation ***,the parameters of irrigation regime including the irrigation amount and intervals should be considered comprehensively in order to find a compromise between salinity control and irrigation water use efficiency improvement.

关键词： irrigation regimes greenhouse tomato soil nitrate nitrogen soil electric conductivity soil salinity water use efficiency

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Osmotic adjustment and up-regulation expression of stress-responsive genes in tomato induced by soil salinity resulted from nitrate fertilization

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第3期11卷 126-136页

作者： Tingting Chang Yujie Zhang Huilian Xu xiaohou shao Qicong Xu Fenglan Li Lina Yu Zhanyu Zhang Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China of Ministry of Education Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Agricultural Science and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China International Nature Farming Research Center Matsumoto390-1401 Japan Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150000China Rizhao Institute of Agricultural Sciences Rizhao276800China

Concerns about the soil salinity caused by excessive fertilization have prompted scientists to clarify the detailed mechanisms and find techniques to alleviate the damage caused by this kind of soil *** of this study were to elucidate the effect of soil salinity caused by nitrate fertilization and the differences in salinity effect between nitrate salts and NaCl salt with analyses at various levels of crop physiology and molecular biology.A microbial inoculation was also tried to verify whether it could alleviate the salinity-induced loss and *** three experiments(Exp I,II and III),nitrate salts(NS)of Ca(NO_(3))_(2) and KNO_(3) were applied to potted tomato plants to simulate the soil salinity caused by fertilization and a microbial inoculant(MI)was *** was measured using *** adjustment was analyzed using the mathematically modeled pressure-volume curve;O_(2)-concentration and activity of SOD and nitrate reductase were *** of nitrate reductase gene and the stress-responsive gene DREB2 was analyzed using the real-time PCR *** Exp I and II,where the applied NS amount was moderate,NS application at low concentration induced increases in O_(2)-and MDA concentrations and plants acclimated to the soil salinity as the treatment prolonged for *** acclimation was contributed by osmotic adjustment,activation of SOD and re-compartmentation of cell water between symplasm and *** adjustments might be ultimately attributed to up-regulation of stress-responsive genes such as DREB2 as well as the nitrate reductase(NR)***,in Exp III,applications of NaCl and NS at high concentration could not show positive effects as NS *** of MI synergistically increased the xerophytophysiological regulation caused by NS and alleviated the salinity damage in addition to its own positive effects on the tomato *** from NaCl,nitrate salts at low application rate increased the total b

关键词： nitrate fertilizer osmotic adjustment salinity stress soil salinization tomato(Solanum lycopersicum) xerophytophysiology microorganism bioremediation

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Effect of EM Bokashi application on control of secondary soil salinization

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Water Science and Engineering 2008年第4期1卷 99-106页

作者： shao xiaohou Tan Min Jiang Ping Cao Weiling College of Agricultural Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 P. R. China Key laboratory of lrrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Water and Soil Environment in Southern China Ministry of Education Hohai University Nanjing 210098 P R. China Central Station of Rural Water ConseCvancy Zhejiang Provincial Bureau of Water Resources Hangzhou 310009 P. R. China

In order to ameliorate saline-alkaline soil, EM Bokashi has been applied to rice production in conjunction with subdrainage in Ningxia Autonomous Region and Zhejiang Province. The preliminary results can be summarized as follows： EM Bokashi can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil porosity and permeability, and raise the soil＇s levels of available nutrients; and EM Bokashi combined with subdrainage treatment is more effective in controlling secondary soil salinization and raising the grain yield and quality than other treatments. The results suggest that EM Bokashi can reduce the necessary amount of chemical fertilizer application, thereby improving the agricultural environment, and that the introduction of EM Bokashi into systems of secondary soil salinization control systems has resulted in significant benefits.

关键词： EM Bokashi secondary salinization control soil amelioration grain yield and quality subdrainage agricultural environment

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暗管排水对大棚土壤次生盐渍化改良及番茄产量的影响

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农业工程学报 2012年第3期28卷 81-86页

作者：张洁常婷婷邵孝侯南方地区高效灌排与农业水土环境教育部重点实验室南京210098 河海大学水利水电学院南京210098

为探讨防治设施土壤次生盐渍化的措施,于发生次生盐渍化的大棚土壤内埋设埋深40cm,间距6m及埋深70cm,间距8m的塑料暗管,研究土壤电导率(EC)、饱和导水率、体积质量等基本理化性质的变化,分析暗管排水对次生盐渍化土壤改良及番茄产量的... 详细信息

为探讨防治设施土壤次生盐渍化的措施,于发生次生盐渍化的大棚土壤内埋设埋深40cm,间距6m及埋深70cm,间距8m的塑料暗管,研究土壤电导率(EC)、饱和导水率、体积质量等基本理化性质的变化,分析暗管排水对次生盐渍化土壤改良及番茄产量的影响。结果表明:埋设暗管可以明显降低次生盐渍化土壤的EC值,尤其是暗管上方的EC值显著低于对照;同时,土壤饱和导水率增加,体积质量降低而总孔隙度升高;番茄平均单果质量增加,产量显著提高,各项指标均表现为埋深70cm,间距8m暗管的处理优于埋深40cm,间距6m的处理。埋深70cm,间距8m暗管的处理在大棚土壤次生盐渍化改良中的效果优于埋深40cm,间距6m的处理。

关键词：灌溉排水土壤含水率次生盐渍化电导率番茄产量

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