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仙人掌皮黄酮提取工艺优化

农业工程学报 2008年第6期24卷 299-303页

作者：蔡为荣顾小红汤坚安徽工程科技学院生物化学工程系芜湖241000 江南大学测试中心无锡214122 江南大学食品科学与技术国家重点实验室无锡214122

仙人掌皮黄酮提取可提高废弃物的资源利用和活性成分的开发。采用响应面分析法对乙醇体积分数、提取温度、提取时间和剂料比等提取条件进行了优化。结果表明,曲面回归方程拟合性好;优化工艺为乙醇体积分数67%、提取温度76℃、提取时间5... 详细信息

仙人掌皮黄酮提取可提高废弃物的资源利用和活性成分的开发。采用响应面分析法对乙醇体积分数、提取温度、提取时间和剂料比等提取条件进行了优化。结果表明,曲面回归方程拟合性好;优化工艺为乙醇体积分数67%、提取温度76℃、提取时间5.7h、剂料比21.4mL/g时,仙人掌皮黄酮得率为6.45%。经鉴定仙人掌皮中主要黄酮为异鼠李素-3-O-[2-O,6-O-双-α-L-鼠李糖基]-α-L-葡萄糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-(6′-鼠李糖)葡萄糖苷。

关键词：米邦塔仙人掌黄酮提取优化响应面分析

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呼伦湖鱼类群落结构及其渔业资源变化

湖泊科学 2016年第2期28卷 387-394页

作者：毛志刚谷孝鸿曾庆飞中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008

根据2014-2015年在呼伦湖进行的鱼类资源拖网调查,结合历年渔业捕捞资料,分析该水域的鱼类群落结构及渔业资源发展趋势.结果表明:本次调查共采获鱼类21种,隶属4目6科21属,其中鲤形目种类最多,占总数的81.0%;群落优势种为贝氏(Hemiculter... 详细信息

根据2014-2015年在呼伦湖进行的鱼类资源拖网调查,结合历年渔业捕捞资料,分析该水域的鱼类群落结构及渔业资源发展趋势.结果表明:本次调查共采获鱼类21种,隶属4目6科21属,其中鲤形目种类最多,占总数的81.0%;群落优势种为贝氏(Hemiculter bleekeri)、红鳍原鲌(Cultrichthys erythropterus)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)和瓦氏雅罗鱼(Leuciscus waleckii),鱼类群落的丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数均偏低.东部、西部湖区间的鱼类群落组成存在一定差异,其中西部湖区的鱼类物种数量较少,但大中型鱼类比例及生物多样性较高.与历史资料相比,呼伦湖鱼类的物种数量下降,优势种组成发生较大变化,鱼类个体小型化趋势明显,而捕捞强度过大、湖泊富营养化加剧及气候水文条件变化是导致呼伦湖渔业资源衰退的主要因素.

关键词：鱼类种类组成生态类型优势种生物多样性渔业资源小型化呼伦湖

Detection and Analysis on StaphylococcalEnterotoxins in Raw Cow Milk from DifferentRegions of Jinan, China

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第3期18卷 465-468页

作者： Congchao ZHANG Jinglong LI Wenbo WANG Lei LIU xiaohong gu School of Bioengineering Qilu University of Technology Jinan 250353 China Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology shandongAcademy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100China Longrun Biological Technology Co. Ltd. Beiiincl 102200 China Shandong Center of Crop Germplasm Resources Jinan 250100 China

[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the pollution caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins(SE) in raw milk and the safety of dairy products in Jinan, and to provide a scientific basis for food safety risk analysis. [Method] A total of 130 raw milk samples were collected from different regions of Jinan, and detected for Staphylococcus aureus by referring to GB4789.10-2010. Then, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect whether the *** strains produced enterotoxins, and the enterotoxin type was identified using colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic test strips. [Result] Fiftyseven of the raw milk samples were polluted by ***, so the detection rate of *** was 43.85%; and 11 of the strains produced enterotoxins. Among the 11 enterotoxin-producing strains, seven produced SEB, only one produced SEC, and the SE type of other three strains was not identified. [Conclusion] Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic test strips can be used in combination to rapidly detect staphylococcal enterotoxins and identify enterotoxin type, although there are some limitations. SEB is the main type of staphylococcal enterotoxin causing pollution in milk of Shandong Province.

关键词： Raw milk Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin

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名老中医经验传承与创新的问题及策略

北京中医药大学学报 2022年第9期45卷 919-924页

作者：谷晓红于河北京中医药大学北京100029

名老中医经验传承与创新关系到我国中医药人才培养和事业发展。近年来,相关传承研究工作获得了重视并取得了一定成绩,但在传承实践过程中仍面临着“传”“承”等诸多方面的实际问题。这些问题可能导致传承偏倚或传承衰减,影响传承质量... 详细信息

名老中医经验传承与创新关系到我国中医药人才培养和事业发展。近年来,相关传承研究工作获得了重视并取得了一定成绩,但在传承实践过程中仍面临着“传”“承”等诸多方面的实际问题。这些问题可能导致传承偏倚或传承衰减,影响传承质量。本文通过对传承内容、团队、管理、模式等多方面研究,详细梳理了目前名老中医经验传承事业的现状及不足,提出道术并重的传承理念和多元融合方法开展名老中医道术传承的研究方法等构想,使传承工作更加全面、具体、可实施,以多角度挖掘名老中医为人、为医、为师、为学之道术为目标,为中医药事业的传承和创新提供新的思路及途径。

关键词：名老中医经验传承创新道术问题与对策

Association between dietary habits and recurrent respiratory infection in children: A case-control study

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2015年第2期2卷 105-110页

作者： Wang Zhang He Yu Jinbang Shang Tiegang Liu Jiaju Ma xiaohong gu School of Basic Medical Science Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Beijing Drum Tower Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing 100009China Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 101121China Beijing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100010China

Objective:To explore the association between dietary habits and recurrent respiratory infection(RRI)in children aged 0e14 ***:This caseecontrol study compared dietary data of children with(cases)and without RRI(controls)collected via structured *** were recruited from Chinese medicine clinics,hospitals,and children’s learning institutions in Beijing.A logistic regression analysis and odds ratio(OR)calculations were conducted using SPSS 17.0 ***:A total of 241 questionnaires were collected(case:control ratio:approximately 2:1).Frequent consumption of processed foods(OR Z 2.988,95%confidence intervals 1.375e6.491)and high-sugar foods(OR Z 2.268,95%confidence intervals 1.163e4.424),frequent picky eating(OR Z 2.614,95%confidence intervals 1.363e5.014),and a meat-heavy diet with fewer vegetables(OR Z 1.830,95%confidence intervals 1.358e2.467)correlated positively correlated with ***,57.80%of the children with RRI were addicted to high-sugar foods,compared with 41.57%of the children without RRI(P Z.015).Furthermore,63.16%of the children with RRI were picky eaters,compared with 48.31%of the children without RRI(P Z.024).Finally,30.92%of the children with RRI frequently consumed processed foods,compared with only 17.98%of the children without RRI(P Z.027Conclusion:Although RRI correlates positively with several dietary habits,in the future,prospective cohort studies with larger samples are needed to generalize these findings.

关键词： Caseecontrol study Recurrent respiratory infection Dietary habits

筛选机制与分割效应——中国高等教育投资城乡差异的一个理论分析

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南开经济研究 2011年第5期 20-32页

作者：姚先国辜晓红浙江大学公共管理学院 310002

本文应用信息经济学关于教育在人力资源市场提供筛选机制的理论,结合中国的户籍制度,分析城乡户籍分割对高等教育的筛选功能的影响。由于基础教育与户籍挂钩,农村的优质教育资源极度匮乏,获得优质基础教育的成本远远高于城市,再加上城... 详细信息

本文应用信息经济学关于教育在人力资源市场提供筛选机制的理论,结合中国的户籍制度,分析城乡户籍分割对高等教育的筛选功能的影响。由于基础教育与户籍挂钩,农村的优质教育资源极度匮乏,获得优质基础教育的成本远远高于城市,再加上城乡之间巨大的收入差距,削弱了高等教育作为筛选机制对于农村学生的作用,导致农村学生人力资源的巨大浪费和人力资源的分级配置被扭曲。

关键词：高等教育投资筛选户籍制度城乡分割

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大米淀粉糊化过程的光谱分析

高分子学报 2008年第7期18卷 720-725页

作者：李玥钟芳麻建国顾小红江南大学食品学院食品科学与技术国家重点实验室无锡214036

采用衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱仪跟踪测定了不同品种大米淀粉的糊化过程,同时与X-射线衍射仪测定的淀粉结晶度相对比,研究了淀粉颗粒内结晶结构在糊化过程中变化的详细情况.利用红外光谱仪计算出天然大米淀粉及其在糊化过程中各个... 详细信息

采用衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱仪跟踪测定了不同品种大米淀粉的糊化过程,同时与X-射线衍射仪测定的淀粉结晶度相对比,研究了淀粉颗粒内结晶结构在糊化过程中变化的详细情况.利用红外光谱仪计算出天然大米淀粉及其在糊化过程中各个阶段代表结晶区特征的1047cm-1和代表非晶区特征的1022cm-1两处红外吸收峰强度的比值.结果表明,天然淀粉的结晶区主要由支链淀粉侧链的双螺旋结构所形成;在加热过程中淀粉的结晶结构被破坏,并且直链淀粉含量越高,其结晶结构在糊化过程中破坏越慢,说明直链淀粉能抑制淀粉结晶结构的破坏.利用X-射线衍射仪测定了大米淀粉糊化过程各个阶段的结晶度,进一步验证了淀粉的结晶结构在糊化过程中的损失.虽然,两种测定方法对"结晶度"的定义不同,但对于淀粉结晶程度的测定具有相关性和可比性,能为研究淀粉的糊化行为提供有利的补充信息.

关键词：大米淀粉傅里叶变换红外光谱 X-射线衍射结晶区非晶区

南京市5座中型水库浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

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湖泊科学 2017年第1期29卷 216-223页

作者：王文侠陈非洲谷孝鸿中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049

于2010年5月—2011年2月,对南京市5座中型湖泊型水库浮游动物群落结构进行每季度一次的调查采样,同时测定总氮、总磷、透明度等理化因子及浮游植物等生物因子.共鉴定到浮游动物17科28属,优势种为盔形溞(Daphnia galeata)、象鼻溞(Bosmin... 详细信息

于2010年5月—2011年2月,对南京市5座中型湖泊型水库浮游动物群落结构进行每季度一次的调查采样,同时测定总氮、总磷、透明度等理化因子及浮游植物等生物因子.共鉴定到浮游动物17科28属,优势种为盔形溞(Daphnia galeata)、象鼻溞(Bosmina spp.)、汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorrii)、多肢轮虫(Trichocerca spp.)、异尾轮虫(Polyarthra spp.)等.5座水库浮游动物年均密度变化范围为72~1401 ind./L,其中河王水库密度显著大于其他水库,而4个季节间浮游动物密度无显著差异.5座水库浮游动物年均生物量变化范围为102~339μg/L,季节间、水库间浮游动物生物量均无显著性差异.浮游动物群落结构与环境因子的典范对应分析表明,影响5座水库浮游动物群落结构的环境因子主要为营养盐、水温、透明度和浮游植物密度.

关键词：南京中型湖泊型水库浮游动物群落环境因子

Effect of Yinlai Decoction on the metabolic pathways in the lung of high-calorie diet-induced pneumonia rats

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2021年第1期8卷 4-16页

作者： Fuyang Xian Tiegang Liu Chen Bai guannan Yang Xueyan Ma Bochuan Wang Ling Huang Shaoyang Liu Jianhua Zhen Jianzhen He He Yu Yuling Ma Taiyi Wang xiaohong gu School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102488China OCMRC Center University of OxfordOxford OX13PTUK

Objective:To search for specific metabolites in the lungs of pneumonia rats fed with a high-calorie diet,as well as explore the changes in the lung metabolites of young rats treated with Yinlai Decoction(YD)and its effects on inflammation-related metabolic ***:Lipopolysaccharides(LPS)and a special high-calorie diet were used to induce Sprague Dawley(SD)rats to simulate the intestinal state of infant *** chromatography-mass spectrometry technology(LC-MS/MS)was used to detect metabolites in each *** orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)model values were used for the detection results to find the differential *** metabolic pathways that are involved with the differential metabolites were clarified through enrichment analysis and topological ***,the T cell receptor signaling pathway(TCR)signal conversion was analyzed by the network pharmacology ***:In the high-calorie diet combined with pneumonia group(M3),a total of 55 metabolites were determined to be different from the normal group(N).A total of 36 metabolites were determined to be different from those in the lung metabolites of the YD treatment group(T1).YD had a regulatory effect on glutathione metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,ascorbic acid and aldehyde metabolism and phenylalanine *** the small molecule metabolites could act on the FYN and lymphocytespecific protein tyrosine kinase(LCK)target proteins in the TCR signaling pathway,thereby affecting the immune function of the ***:A high-calorie diet can cause abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in the lungs of young rats,thereby creating chronic lung inflammation in young *** has a beneficial effect when used to treat young rats with LPS-induced pneumonia fed on high-calorie *** mechanisms of action may affect the body’s immune pathways by regulating the oxidative stress pathway affected by glutathione metabolism.

关键词： High-calorie diet Pneumonia Yinlai decoction Metabolomics Network pharmacology