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教育科研新范式:人工智能驱动的教育科学研究

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教育研究 2024年第3期45卷 147-159页

作者：刘三女牙郝晓晗李卿华中师范大学人工智能教育学部武汉430079 华中师范大学教育大数据应用技术国家工程研究中心武汉430079

范式的更迭与转换推动了科学变革。当前,人工智能立于科学变革潮头,给自然科学领域的科学发现与科研进步带来冲击,也为教育科研转型带来新机遇,有望在本体论、认识论、方法论和价值论维度影响教育研究,推动形成人工智能驱动的教育科学... 详细信息

范式的更迭与转换推动了科学变革。当前,人工智能立于科学变革潮头,给自然科学领域的科学发现与科研进步带来冲击,也为教育科研转型带来新机遇,有望在本体论、认识论、方法论和价值论维度影响教育研究,推动形成人工智能驱动的教育科学研究范式。该范式将通过提供强大的计算能力,为教育科研注入计算思维和技术基因,实现教育科研的底层理念之变;通过提升知识发现效率和释放科研人员生产力,推动构建人机混合增强的教育科研创新模式,实现教育科研的实践形式之变;通过强化多学科交叉融合和跨学科协作交流,促进形成交叉共融的教育科研组织体系,实现教育科研的组织生态之变。在此基础上,人工智能驱动的教育科学研究范式可以为教育分支学科或交叉学科的研究活动开辟新的思考向度与实践路径。未来,人们有望创造出人工智能与教育科研并行发展、双向赋能的新图景。但同时,为增强人工智能在教育科学中的积极影响力,人们必须应对算法创新与算法风险带来的挑战,让人工智能更好地驱动教育科学研究。

关键词：教育研究范式教育科学研究人工智能人工智能驱动的教育科学研究范式

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基于容量市场模型的电力市场需求响应机制

电测与仪表 2024年第7期61卷 146-152页

作者：樊晓伟孙洪波姚龙郝晓晗王子石国网重庆市电力公司重庆400014 四川华汇智研电力科技有限公司成都610096 重庆大学电气工程学院重庆400044

需求响应不仅可以作为一种供电资源,在高电价或电网可靠性受到威胁的情况下产生负电价,还可以用于解决输电扩建规划问题。需求响应资源(demand response resources, DRRs)可以缓解负荷区的容量需求,从而缓解输入传输需求。文中详细介绍... 详细信息

需求响应不仅可以作为一种供电资源,在高电价或电网可靠性受到威胁的情况下产生负电价,还可以用于解决输电扩建规划问题。需求响应资源(demand response resources, DRRs)可以缓解负荷区的容量需求,从而缓解输入传输需求。文中详细介绍了PJM容量市场及综合容量市场和需求响应模型,并进行案例分析。通过美国需求响应(demand response, DR)的市场机制,针对需求响应参与电力市场过程中遇到的困难,综合我国需求响应机制发展现状,提出了建立我国DR市场机制的建议。通过适当的市场机制,DR可以参与电力市场运行,提高能源利用效率,改善供需平衡调节和资源配置效率。

关键词： DR 容量市场市场机制启发电力市场

A statistical damage-based constitutive model for shearing of rock joints in brittle drop mode

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第8期34卷 1041-1058页

作者： Xinrong Liu Peiyao Li Xueyan Guo Xinyang Luo xiaohan Zhou Luli Miao Fuchuan Zhou hao Wang School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China National Joint Engineering Research Center of Geohazards Prevention in The Reservoir Areas(Chongqing) Chongqing 400045China Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area(Chongqing University) Ministry of EducationChongqing 400045China Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering Chongqing 402260China

Some rock joints exhibit significant brittleness,characterized by a sharp decrease in shear stress upon reaching the peak ***,existing models often fail to accurately represent this behavior and are encumbered by numerous parameters lacking clear mechanical *** study presents a new statistical damage constitutive model rooted in both damage mechanics and statistics,containing only three model *** proposed model encompasses all stages of joint shearing,including the compaction stage,linear stage,plastic yielding stage,drop stage,strain softening stage,and residual strength *** derive the analytical expression of the constitutive model,three boundary conditions are *** data from both natural and artificial rock joints is utilized to validate the model,resulting in average absolute relative errors ranging from 3%to 8%.Moreover,a comparative analysis with established models illustrates that the proposed model captures stress drop and post-peak strain softening more effectively,with model parameters possessing clearer mechanical ***,parameter analysis is conducted to investigate the impacts of model parameters on the curves and unveil the relationship between these parameters and the mechanical properties of rock ***,the proposed model is straightforward in form,and all model parameters can be obtained from direct shear tests,thus facilitating the utilization in numerical simulations.

关键词： Rock joints Brittle rock Direct shear test Damage-based constitutive model Parameters analysis

Enhancing SAEAs with unevaluated solutions:a case study of relation model for expensive optimization

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 41-58页

作者： hao hao Xiaoqun ZHANG Aimin ZHOU Institute of Natural Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University

Surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms(SAEAs) hold significant importance in resolving expensive optimization problems. Extensive efforts have been devoted to improving the efficiency of SAEAs through the development of proficient model-assisted solution selection methods, which, however, first requires generating high-quality solutions. The fundamental paradigm of evaluating a limited number of solutions in each generation within SAEAs reduces the variance of adjacent populations, thereby affecting the quality of offspring solutions. This is a frequently encountered issue yet receives little attention. To address the issue, this paper presents a framework using unevaluated solutions to enhance the efficiency of *** surrogate model is employed to identify high-quality solutions for the direct generation of new solutions without evaluation. To ensure dependable selection, we have introduced two tailored relation models to select the optimal solution and the unevaluated population. A comprehensive experimental analysis is performed on two test suites, which showcases the superiority of the relation model over regression and classification models in the solution selection phase. Furthermore, the surrogate-selected unevaluated solutions with high potential have been shown to enhance the efficiency of the algorithm significantly.

关键词： expensive optimization unevaluated solutions relation model surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithm

A Global Optimality Principle for Fully Coupled Mean-field Control Systems

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 379-413页

作者： Tao hao School of Statistics and Mathematics Shandong University of Finance and EconomicsJinan 250014China

This paper concerns a global optimality principle for fully coupled mean-field control *** the first-order and the second-order variational equations are fully coupled mean-field linear FBSDEs. A new linear relation is introduced, with which we successfully decouple the fully coupled first-order variational equations. We give a new second-order expansion of Y^(ε) that can work well in mean-field framework. Based on this result, the stochastic maximum principle is proved. The comparison with the stochastic maximum principle for controlled mean-field stochastic differential equations is supplied.

关键词： optimal control global maximum principle fully coupled general mean-field FBSDE adjoint equation recursive utility

Nonclassical correlations in two-dimensional graphene lattices

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 72-79页

作者： hao Wang Shanghai Normal University Tianhua College ShangHai 201815China

We investigate nonclassical correlations via negativity,local quantum uncertainty(LQU)and local quantum Fisher information(LQFI)for two-dimensional graphene *** explicitly analytical expressions for negativity,LQU and LQFI are *** close forms of LQU and LQFI confirm the inequality between the quantum Fisher information and skew information,where the LQFI is always greater than or equal to the LQU,and both show very similar behavior with different ***,the effects of the different system parameters on the quantified quantum correlation are *** LQFI reveals more nonclassical correlations than LQU in a two-dimensional graphene lattice system.

关键词： negativity local quantum uncertainty(LQU) local quantum Fisher information(LQFI) graphene lattices nonclassical correlations

Machine learning-assisted smart epitaxy ofⅢ-Ⅴsemiconductors

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Science China Materials 2024年第9期67卷 3041-3042页

作者： Yue hao Key Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi’an710071China

Semiconductor epitaxial growth is the front-end process for manufacturing microelectronic and optoelectronic *** beam epitaxy(MBE),capable of precisely controlling atomic layer deposition,has emerged as a crucial technique in chip atomic-level manufacturing[1].However,in semiconductor epitaxy,the heterogeneous nature of materials is complicated,and the growth condition fluctuations poses significant challenges in defect suppression[2],substantially impacting chip performance and yield.

关键词： optoelectronic smart semiconductors

Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae Co-Producing KPC-2 and MCR-8 in the Feces of an ICU Patient From China

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2024年第3期6卷 152-157页

作者： Hongxin Fu hao Xu Ruishan Liu Yi Liu Xiaojing Liu xiaohan Ma Yu Yang Kexin Guo Chiqing Ying Danfeng Fang Sijie Qian Beiwen Zheng Weibo Du State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseasesthe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Beihua UniversityJilinChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Structure and Morphology Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanChina Research Units of Infectious Diseases and Microecology Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina

It is critical to acknowledge that the coexistence of genes related to carbapenem and polymyxin resistance can exacerbate challenges in antimicrobial *** this study,we identified Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate L2425 fromthe feces of an ICU patient in *** isolate belongs to sequence type 11 and carries the antimicrobial resistance genes blaKPC-2,bla_(CTX-M-65) and *** S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and Southern blotting analysis,we confirmed the presence of a~110 kb plasmid harboring the mcr-8 gene with a conserved structure(inhA-mcr-8-ompR-dgkA-IS903B).Furthermore,another~130 kb plasmid carrying bla_(KPC-2) was detected along with a composite transposon flanked by insertion sequence *** experiments demonstrated that both pL2425-KPC-2 and pL2425-MCR-8 plasmids were ***,this is the first instance of clinical fecal samples from China containing a *** strain carrying both blaKPC-2 and mcr-8 *** findings underscore the significance of surveillance for carbapenemases and mobile colistin–resistance variants.

关键词： Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 11 KPC-2 MCR-8

A review on numerical studies of airflow dynamics and particle deposition in human respiratory system Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 351-377页

作者： hao Jing Xinguang Cui School of Aerospace Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Accurate assessment and prediction of airflow dynamics and particle deposition in the human respiratory tract are essential for human health,involving inhaled drugs for treating various diseases and toxic particles that can cause *** intricate process involves complex multiphase flow with distinct respiratory *** fluid dynamics(CFD)acts as a bridge,overcoming the limitations of in vivo and in vitro experiments and providing a means to fully comprehend and reveal the fundamental mechanisms of respiratory flow and particle behavior on a microscopic *** paper provides a comprehensive overview and concise summary of recent advancements in the numerical simulation of airflow and particle deposition in the human respiratory ***,it summarizes the transition of respiratory tract models from segmented models to emerging physiological characteristic models and whole-lung airway models,and the latest developments on the effects of key factors such as geometric variations,respiratory patterns,and particle physical/chemical properties on respiratory flow and particle deposition.A notable focus of this review is on emerging physiological characteristics models and their associated complex airflow and particle dynamics inside *** paper concludes with recommendations for future research to further advance the development of this field.

关键词： Airflow dynamics Particle deposition Human respiratory system Numerical modeling