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Taxonomy of Two New Peritrich Ciliates(Protozoa:Ciliophora)from Inland Saltwaters of China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 811-821页

作者： YU Ying ZHANG Yong liang Ziyao LI Jiqiu LIN xiaofeng Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environmental StudiesCollege of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China School of Life Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

The inland saltwater lakes harbor exceptional biodiversity.Here,two new species of solitary sessile peritrich ciliates were isolated from Qinghai Lake,the largest inland saltwater lake in China.Their morphology,ciliature,silverline system,and molecular phylogeny were investigated based on live observation,silver staining,and analysis of the small subunit ribosomal DNA(SSU rDNA).Vorticella paraglobosa sp.***.is characterized mainly by its obconical or elongate bell-shaped zooid,C-shaped macronucleus,single ventrally located contractile vacuole,two-rowed infundibular polykinety 3,and 28-38 silverlines between peristome and aboral tro-chal band and 10-15 between aboral trochal band and scopula.Vorticella cotyliformis sp.***.differs from its congeners mainly by its double-layered peristomial lip,cup-shaped zooid,J-shaped macronucleus,single ventrally positioned contractile vacuole,three-rowed infundibular polykinety 3,and 70-85 silverlines between peristome and aboral trochal band and 21-25 between aboral trochal band and scopula.The SSU rDNA sequences of the two new species were obtained,and the subsequent molecular phylogenetic analysis supported their taxonomic classification.

关键词： molecular phylogeny morphology new species Qinghai Lake taxonomy

Uplifting mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau inferred from the characteristics of crustal structures

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第12期66卷 2770-2790页

作者： xiaofeng liang Ling CHEN Xiaobo TIAN Yang CHU Wentao LI State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100029China Innovation Academy of Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100029China School of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeiing 100049China

The Tibetan Plateau has been known for its highest elevation and thickest crust on earth,and become a key region for comprehending the rheology and tectonic evolution of continental plates and associated dynamic processes.Over the past years,numerous geophysical studies have been conducted to explore the deep structure of the Tibetan Plateau,resulting in significant advancements in understanding the formation and growth of the Plateau.This paper aims to provide a comprehensive summary and discussion of the geophysical observations and underlying mechanisms of the plateau uplift.First,major relevant tectonic models are reviewed,and the corresponding features of crustal structures and related deformation are presented.Then,recent observations,including the identification of a high-velocity layer in the lower crust of the Lhasa block,the spatial distribution of crustal channel flow,and the decoupling of shallow and deep crustal deformation,are synthesized to gain insights into the crustal structures,and multidisciplinary data are integrated to discuss the potential mechanisms of the plateau uplift.Lastly,some pertinent suggestions are put forward for future research on the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Crustal structure Moho doublet Uplift of the plateau Crustal channel flow

Association Between COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage and Case Fatality Ratio:a Comparative Study—Hong Kong SAR,China and Singapore,December 2021–March 2022

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China CDC weekly 2022年第30期4卷 649-654,I0002-I0004页

作者： Guanhao He Sui Zhu Di Fu Jianpeng Xiao Jianguo Zhao Ziqiang Lin Tao Liu xiaofeng liang Wenjun Ma Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Disease Control and Prevention Institute Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina.

Summary What is already known about this topic?Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(SAR),China and Singapore are both facing considerable Omicron variant epidemic.However,the overwhelmed medical system and high case fatality ratio(CFR)just occurred in Hong Kong SAR,China but not in Singapore.What is added by this report?The low vaccination coverage in Hong Kong SAR,China,especially among the older adults,is shown to be a primary reason of its recent high CFR.What are the implications for public health practice?Facing the potential epidemic risk,non-vaccinated,non-fully-vaccinated,and non-booster-vaccinated people in China,especially the elderly,should get any type of accessible vaccine,which could save lives when the infection unfortunately befalls.

关键词： SAR Singapore CFR

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An YIN (1959−2023)

Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第5期7卷 603-605页

作者： xiaofeng liang YiDuo Liu FuYuan Wu State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Professor An Yin,a world-class geologist,was well known for his significant contribution to the understanding of tectonic evolution of the Earth,especially the Himalayas and Tibetan plateau(Yin A and Harrison,2000;Yin A,2006),and other planets and their satellites,such as Enceladus and Europa(Yin A et al.,2016;Leonard et al.,2018).He applied mechanical analysis to structural geology in order to understand the deformation process,not only on terrestrial planets(Yin A,2012),but also on icy Charon,the largest moon of Pluto(Chen HZ and Yin A,2022).He passed away unexpectedly in the afternoon of July 12,2023 while teaching a summer field camp at White Mountain,California,USA.

关键词： geology terrestrial plateau

Recommendations and Future Direction for Population-Based Prevention and Control of Behavioral Risk Factors for NCDs

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China CDC weekly 2022年第19期4卷 407-410页

作者： Zhuoqun Wang Dan Liu Yanfang Zhao Man Li Yamin Bai Shengquan Mi xiaofeng liang Wenhua Zhao National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention CDC ChinaBeijingChina NCDs Control and Prevention Society Chinese Preventive Medicine AssociationBeijingChina Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Epidemiology and Statistic Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human HealthHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang CityHebei ProvinceChina College of Biochemical Engineering Beijing Union UniversityBeijingChina Disease Control and Prevention Institute Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Jinan University-BioKangtai Vaccine Institute Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina National Institute for Nutrition and Health CDC ChinaBeijingChina

Based on the major findings of our studies,we found that in the past two or three decades,China’s noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)prevention and control policies experienced rapid development.The service mode of NCDs management was transformed,the service capabilities at primary medical facilities were comprehensively improved,and the health literacy and action capability of residents were improved.Remarkable achievements have been made in the prevention and control of NCDs,and a lot of experience has been accumulated.However,unhealthy lifestyles among Chinese residents are still common,and the control of NCDs and related behavioral risk factors faces great challenges.Therefore,in order to implement the Healthy China strategy,early prevention and strengthening of the health management of NCDs in high-risk groups are essential.

关键词： prevention service strengthening

Construction and experimental verification research of a magnetic detection system for submarine pipelines based on a two-part towed platform

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2023年第2期8卷 169-180页

作者： Mianjin Wang Shikun Pang Kefan Jin xiaofeng liang Hongdong Wang Hong Yi MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

With the acceleration of the investigation and development of marine resources,the detection and location of submarine pipelines have become a necessary part of modern marine engineering.Submarine pipelines are a typical weak magnetic anomaly target,and their magnetic anomaly detection can only be realized within a certain distance.At present,a towfish or an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)is mainly used as the platform to equip magnetometers close to the submarine pipelines for magnetic anomaly detection.However,the mother ship directly affects the towfish,thus causing control interference.The AUV cannot detect in real time,which affects the magnetic anomaly detection and creates problems regarding detection efficiency.Meanwhile,a two-part towed platform has convenient control,thus reducing the interference of the towed mother ship and real-time detection.If the platform can maintain constant altitude sailing through the controller,the data accuracy in the actual magnetic anomaly detection can be guaranteed.On the basis of a two-part towed platform,a magnetic detection system with constant altitude sailing ability for submarine pipelines was constructed in this study.In addition,experimental verification was conducted.The experimental verification research shows that the constant altitude sailing experiment of the two-part towed platform verifies that the platform has good constant altitude sailing ability in both a hydrostatic environment and the actual marine environment.Meanwhile,the offshore magnetic anomaly detection experiment of submarine pipelines verifies the stable measurement function of the magnetic field and the function of the system to detect magnetic anomaly of submarine pipelines.

关键词： Submarine pipelines Two-part towed platform Constant altitude sailing Magnetic anomaly detection Stable measurement

Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Infection and Symptoms—China,December 2022–February 2023

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China CDC weekly 2023年第17期5卷 369-373,I0001-I0005页

作者： Di Fu Guanhao He Huanlong Li Haomin Tan Xiaohui Ji Ziqiang Lin Jianxiong Hu Tao Liu Jianpeng Xiao xiaofeng liang Wenjun Ma Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Disease Control and Prevention Institute Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis&Infection Prevention and Control Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Fuyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hangzhou CityZhejiang Province Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?A considerable percentage of the population has received both primary and booster vaccinations,which could potentially provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron infections and related symptoms.What is added by this report?The self-reported infection rate,as determined from an online survey,reached its peak(15.5%)between December 19 and 21,2022,with an estimated 82.4%of individuals in China being infected as of February 7,2023.During the epidemic,the effectiveness of booster vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection was found to be 49.0%within three months of vaccination and 37.9%between 3 and 6 months following vaccination.Furthermore,the vaccine effectiveness of the booster vaccination in relation to symptom prevention varied from 48.7%to 83.2%within three months and from 25.9%to 69.0%between 3 and 6 months post-booster vaccination.

关键词： vaccination prevention acute

Trends of Mortality in End-Stage Liver Disease—China,2008–2020

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China CDC weekly 2023年第30期5卷 657-663,I0001-I0009页

作者： Xiaoxiao Wang Huixin Liu Jinlei Qi Fangfang Zeng Lijun Wang Peng Yin Feng Liu Hongbo Li Yunning Liu Jiangmei Liu Lai Wei xiaofeng liang Yu Wang Huiying Rao Maigeng Zhou Peking University People’s Hospital Peking University Hepatology InstituteBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD DiagnosisBeijingChina Peking University People’s Hospital Department of Clinical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsBeijingChina National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Jinan University-BioKangtai Vaccine Institute Jinan UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina China Center for Economic Research National School of DevelopmentPeking UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Chinese Foundation for Hepatitis Prevention and Control BeijingChina.

Introduction:Liver cancer and cirrhosis represent the most prevalent forms of end-stage liver diseases(ESLDs).Notably,in China,deaths attributed to ESLDs contribute significantly to the global mortality rate of these disorders.Enhanced comprehension of the mortality profile associated with ESLDs in China could provide crucial insights into intervention prioritization,which could in turn help reduce the overall global burden of these diseases.Methods:Data were obtained from China’s Disease Surveillance Points system.The presentation includes both crude and age-standardized mortality rates,stratified by sex,residential location,and region.Using Joinpoint Regression,trends in annual mortality rates were estimated from the period of 2008 to 2020 and expressed as the average annual percentage change(AAPC).Results:In 2020,the gross mortality rate of ESLD stood at 30.08 cases per 100,000 individuals.A higher age-standardized ESLD mortality rate was observed in males and rural populations in comparison to their female and urban counterparts,respectively.Noticeably,the highest mortality rates associated with liver cancer and cirrhosis were reported in South and Southwest China,respectively.A positive correlation was noticed between age-specific ESLD mortality rates and advancing age.Interestingly,an annual decrease in the ESLD mortality rate was observed from 2008 to 2020.In urban contexts,the AAPC of cirrhosis was noted to be higher than that of liver cancer.Conclusions:The mortality rate associated with ESLDs in China decreased between 2008 and 2020.Nevertheless,the death burden attributable to ESLD continues to be alarmingly high.Future initiatives should prioritize the reduction of ESLD mortality in particular populations:males,elderly individuals,and those residing in rural regions of South and Southwest China.The emphasis of future interventions should beplaced on antiviral therapy for adults diagnosed with viral hepatitis,and on the prevention of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection across all demographics.

关键词： prevention stratified burden

Subduction tectonics vs.plume tectonics——Discussion on driving forces for plate motion

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第3期63卷 315-328页

作者： Ling CHEN Xu WANG xiaofeng liang Bo WAN Lijun LIU State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Innova tion Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Geology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaign 61820USA

Plate tectonics describes the horizontal motions of lithospheric plates,the Earths outer shell,and interactions among them across the Earths surface.Since the establishment of the theory of plate tectonics about half a century ago,considerable debates have remained regarding the driving forces for plate motion.The early"Bottom up"view,i.e.,the convecting mantledriven mechanism,states that mantle plumes originating from the core-mantle boundary act at the base of plates,accelerating continental breakup and driving plate motion.Toward the present,however,the"Top down"idea is more widely accepted,according to which the negative buoyancy of oceanic plates is the dominant driving force for plate motion,and the subducting slabs control surface tectonics and mantle convection.In this regard,plate tectonics is also known as subduction tectonics."Top down"tectonics has received wide supports from numerous geological and geophysical observations.On the other hand,recent studies indicate that the acceleration/deceleration of individual plates over the million-year timescale may reflect the effects of mantle plumes.It is also suggested that surface uplift and subsidence within stable cratonic areas are correlated with plumerelated magmatic activities over the hundred-million-year timescale.On the global scale,the cyclical supercontinent assembly and breakup seem to be coupled with superplume activities during the past two billion years.These correlations over various spatial and temporal scales indicate the close relationship and intensive interactions between plate tectonics and plume tectonics throughout the history of the Earth and the considerable influence of plumes on plate motion.Indeed,we can acquire a comprehensive understanding of the driving forces for plate motion and operation mechanism of the Earth's dynamic system only through joint analyses and integrated studies on plate tectonics and plume tectonics.

关键词： Driving forces for plate motion,Negative buoyancy of plates Subduction tectonics Plume tectonics