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Rice Plant Counting,Locating,and Sizing Method Based on High-Throughput UAV RGB Images

Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 123-138页

作者： xiaodong bai Pichao Liu Zhiguo Cao Hao Lu Haipeng Xiong Aiping Yang Zhe Cai Jianjun Wang Jianguo Yao School of Computer Science and Technology Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Telecommunication and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Computing National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Agricultural Meteorological Center Jiangxi Meteorological BureauNanchang 330045China

Rice plant counting is crucial for many applications in rice production,such as yield estimation,growth diagnosis,disaster loss assessment,etc.Currently,rice counting still heavily relies on tedious and time-consuming manual operation.To alleviate the workload of rice counting,we employed an UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle)to collect the RGB images of the paddy field.Then,we proposed a new rice plant counting,locating,and sizing method(RiceNet),which consists of one feature extractor frontend and 3 feature decoder modules,namely,density map estimator,plant location detector,and plant size estimator.In RiceNet,rice plant attention mechanism and positive–negative loss are designed to improve the ability to distinguish plants from background and the quality of the estimated density maps.To verify the validity of our method,we propose a new UAV-based rice counting dataset,which contains 355 images and 257,793 manual labeled points.Experiment results show that the mean absolute error and root mean square error of the proposed RiceNet are 8.6 and 11.2,respectively.Moreover,we validated the performance of our method with two other popular crop datasets.On these three datasets,our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.Results suggest that RiceNet can accurately and efficiently estimate the number of rice plants and replace the traditional manual method.

关键词： paddy disaster Plant

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Negative enthalpy alloys and local chemical ordering:a concept and route leading to synergy of strength and ductility

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 172-184页

作者： Zibing An Tao Yang Caijuan Shi Shengcheng Mao Lihua Wang Ang Li Wei Li Xianmeng Xue Ming Sun Yifan bai Yapeng He Fuzeng Ren Zhouguang Lu Ming Yan Yang Ren Chain-Tsuan Liu Ze Zhang xiaodong Han Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials College of Materials Science &Engineering Beijing University of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Partial Acceleration Physics& Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials Science &Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

Solid solutions are ubiquitous in metals and alloys. Local chemical ordering(LCO) is a fundamental sub-nano/nanoscale process that occurs in many solid solutions and can be used as a microstructure to optimize strength and ductility. However, the formation of LCO has not been fully elucidated, let alone how to provide efficient routes for designing LCO to achieve synergistic effects on both superb strength and ductility. Herein, we propose the formation and control of LCO in negative enthalpy alloys. With engineering negative enthalpy in solid solutions, genetic LCO components are formed in negative enthalpy refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs). In contrast to conventional ‘trial-and-error' approaches, the control of LCO by using engineering negative enthalpy in RHEAs is instructive and results in superior strength(1160 MPa) and uniform ductility(24.5%) under tension at ambient temperature, which are among the best reported so far. LCO can promote dislocation cross-slip, enhancing the interaction between dislocations and their accumulation at large tensile strains; sustainable strain hardening can thereby be attained to ensure high ductility of the alloy. This work paves the way for new research fields on negative enthalpy solid solutions and alloys for the synergy of strength and ductility as well as new functions.

关键词： negative enthalpy alloys local chemical ordering strength ductility dislocation

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RPNet: Rice plant counting after tillering stage based on plant attention and multiple supervision network

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1586-1594页

作者： xiaodong bai Susong Gu Pichao Liu Aiping Yang Zhe Cai Jianjun Wang Jianguo Yao School of Computer Science and Technology Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003JiangsuChina Agricultural Meteorological Center Jiangxi Meteorological BureauNanchang 330045JiangxiChina

Rice is a major food crop and is planted worldwide. Climatic deterioration, population growth, farmland shrinkage, and other factors have necessitated the application of cutting-edge technology to achieve accurate and efficient rice production. In this study, we mainly focus on the precise counting of rice plants in paddy field and design a novel deep learning network, RPNet, consisting of four modules: feature encoder, attention block, initial density map generator, and attention map generator. Additionally, we propose a novel loss function called RPloss. This loss function considers the magnitude relationship between different sub-loss functions and ensures the validity of the designed network. To verify the proposed method, we conducted experiments on our recently presented URC dataset, which is an unmanned aerial vehicle dataset that is quite challenged at counting rice plants. For experimental comparison, we chose some popular or recently proposed counting methods, namely MCNN, CSRNet, SANet, TasselNetV2, and FIDTM. In the experiment, the mean absolute error(MAE), root mean squared error(RMSE), relative MAE(rMAE) and relative RMSE(rRMSE) of the proposed RPNet were 8.3, 11.2, 1.2% and 1.6%, respectively,for the URC dataset. RPNet surpasses state-of-the-art methods in plant counting. To verify the universality of the proposed method, we conducted experiments on the well-know MTC and WED datasets. The final results on these datasets showed that our network achieved the best results compared with excellent previous approaches. The experiments showed that the proposed RPNet can be utilized to count rice plants in paddy fields and replace traditional methods.

关键词： Rice Precision agriculture Plant counting Deep learning Attention mechanism

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基于视线角速度精度的导引系统抗干扰性能评估指标研究

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航空兵器 2024年第1期31卷 66-70页

作者：徐航白晓东张喜涛中国空空导弹研究院河南洛阳471009 空基信息感知与融合全国重点实验室河南洛阳471009

针对传统抗干扰性能评估指标集中在导弹制导系统层面,无法满足导引系统抗干扰性能评估的问题,本文在分析抗干扰过程中制导系统内部误差传递原理的基础上,基于导引系统的测量误差,提出了基于视线角速度精度的导引系统抗干扰性能评估指标... 详细信息

针对传统抗干扰性能评估指标集中在导弹制导系统层面,无法满足导引系统抗干扰性能评估的问题,本文在分析抗干扰过程中制导系统内部误差传递原理的基础上,基于导引系统的测量误差,提出了基于视线角速度精度的导引系统抗干扰性能评估指标,从而在导引系统研制过程中,能够及时对其抗干扰性能进行评估。由于视线角速度精度在外场试验中不易测量,为了提高该指标的测试效率,基于比例导引制导原理,给出了视线角速度精度的简化计算方法,并针对非比例导引制导场景,给出了利用识别时间对视线角速度精度进行等效测试的方法。外场数据测试结果表明,该指标能够反映导弹在不同场景下的抗干扰性能,具有一定合理性。

关键词：视线角速度抗干扰导引系统识别时间评估指标导弹

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基于主动学习方法的随机波场中双浮体极端响应超越概率

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水动力学研究与进展（A辑） 2024年第1期39卷 17-21页

作者：刘义沈佳诚柏小东张伟中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院上海200011 喷水推进技术重点实验室上海200011 合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院合肥230006

海上作业过程中,经常存在两个浮体相邻的情况。真实海洋环境中,伴随着随机波浪的影响,相邻浮体可能会产生耦合运动。尤其是在恶劣海况下,浮体的极端运动响应可能导致其倾覆,对海上作业产生严重危害。基于波群参数化和次序采样,结合计算... 详细信息

海上作业过程中,经常存在两个浮体相邻的情况。真实海洋环境中,伴随着随机波浪的影响,相邻浮体可能会产生耦合运动。尤其是在恶劣海况下,浮体的极端运动响应可能导致其倾覆,对海上作业产生严重危害。基于波群参数化和次序采样,结合计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)模拟,该文研究和分析了在不规则波浪中相邻浮体的横摇运动特性,并基于主动学习方法,采用少量样本有效地预测了浮体随机波浪的极端响应超越概率。此外,还研究了相邻浮体的距离比G/D对运动响应的影响,通过不同G/D下相邻浮体的时间超越概率进行预测和比较,找出了最优的相邻浮体距离,为实际工程应用提供了理论依据。

关键词：相邻浮体极端运动响应主动学习 CFD 次序采样

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A Novel Roll Compensation Method for Two-Axis Transportable Satellite Antennas

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China Communications 2018年第3期15卷 137-148页

作者： Laiding Zhao Jidong Xie xiaodong bai Zhicheng Qu College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210003 China Satellite Communication and Navigation Collaborative Innovation Center Nanjing 210003 China

Two-axis transportable satellite antennas(TATSAs) have been widely adopted owing to its simple structure and low cost. However, by searching in a wide range, it will take a very long searching time. Under extreme conditions, it will even fail to work. In this paper, we propose a novel roll compensation(RC) method for the low-cost TATSAs to achieve faster tracking even if when the antenna has no azimuth sensor. By analyzing the influence of roll axis on the system performance, details of the compensation method are derived. Simulation and measurement results indicate that the proposed RC method can effectively reduce the initial searching time for satellite communication. In addition, tracking along with the ellipse path with the RC method provides the highest tracking efficiency.

关键词：赔偿方法卫星天线转动轴极端条件卫星通讯低费用宽范围传感器

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Characteristics and High-yield Cultivation Techniques of the Main Potato Variety Jinshu 16 in Shanxi Province

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2023年第3期14卷 14-15,18页

作者： Yun CHEN xiaodong bai Yao LU Xiangbin FAN Peibing DU Shanxi Agricultural University/High Latitude Crops Institute Shanxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesDatong 037008China

With NL94014 as the female parent and 9333-11 as the male parent,the potato research laboratory of High Latitude Crops Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences obtained true seeds through sexual hybridization,and systematically and directionally bred a new potato variety Jinshu 16 with high yield,good comprehensive resistance and middle and late maturity.This variety has been listed as one of the mainstay varieties in Shanxi Province for many times.In this paper,the characteristics and high-yield cultivation techniques of Jinshu 16 are introduced,in order to guide field production and get better returns.

关键词： Potato Jinshu 16 Characteristics High-yield cultivation techniques

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Clinical and functional comparison of dynamic hip screws and intramedullary nails for treating proximal femur metastases in older individuals

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2020年第3期32卷 395-402页

作者： Hua Gao xiaodong bai Wentao Chen Yadong Li Liang Zhao Changgui Liu Zhenyu Liu Baojun Wang Department of Orthopaedics Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China

Objective:To compare the outcomes of dynamic hip screws(DHS)and intramedullary nailing(IMN)in the treatment of extra-capsular metastatic carcinoma of the proximal femur.Methods:A retrospective case analysis method was used to examine data of patients with proximal metastatic cancer of the femur who were treated with internal fixation in Department of Orthopaedics,Beijing Friendship Hospital,from January 2007 to December 2018.Blood loss,postoperative pain,functional score,length of stay,and survival rates were compared,and postoperative complications were assessed.Results:Complete follow-up data were available for 33 patients.The mean follow-up period was 12.2±3.6(range:9-32)months and the average age was 72.3±4.7(range:59-83)years old.There were 20 females and 13 males.Twenty-three patients had undergone IMN and 10 DHS,according to bone defects and the patient’s overall condition.The median survival time was 10 months in the IMN group and 11 months in the DHS group.Duration of surgery(t=-7.366,P<0.001)and length of hospital stay(t=-3.509,P<0.001)differed significantly between the two groups.There was one case of breakage of internal fixation in the IMN group.Conclusions:There was no significant difference between DHS and IMN in terms of surgical efficacy.IMN and DHS were different in terms of surgical time and hospital stay.However,due to the limited number of cases in this study,multi-factor analysis has not been performed and needs to be further verified in future analysis.When developing a surgical plan,it is recommended to consider the patient’s condition and the surgeon’s experience.

关键词： Proximal femur bone metastatic cancer dynamic hip screw(DHS) intramedullary nail(IMN) bone cements

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党史学习教育的梯次演进、嬗变逻辑与未来展望

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中共山西省委党校学报 2024年第2期47卷 112-116页

作者：白晓东上海大学党校上海200444

从新民主主义革命时期的初步探索,到社会主义革命和建设时期的曲折推进,再到改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期的改进完善,直至新时代的创新发展,党史学习教育的教育内容从中国共产党党史逐步扩展为以党史为核心的大历史,政治功能从... 详细信息

从新民主主义革命时期的初步探索,到社会主义革命和建设时期的曲折推进,再到改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期的改进完善,直至新时代的创新发展,党史学习教育的教育内容从中国共产党党史逐步扩展为以党史为核心的大历史,政治功能从党的思想建设扩大到党建、资政、育人三者统合,教育目标从知识教育升华为信仰教育。面向未来,在新时代应进一步推动党史学习教育内容和形式的创新丰富,统筹党内集中教育和社会宣传教育,促进知识教育与信仰教育相结合。

关键词：中国共产党党史学习教育 “四史”教育

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低冰粘附防/除冰涂层的技术现状及研究趋势

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复合材料学报 2024年第5期41卷 2181-2200页

作者：金浩正矫维成李君孙浩淼彭建白杰赫晓东哈尔滨工业大学特种环境复合材料技术国家级重点实验室哈尔滨150001 成都泰格尔航天航空科技股份有限公司成都611100

结冰是一种常见的自然现象,冰的形成和堆积会给航空航天、舰船交通、电力系统、能源设施等带来许多安全问题。研究防/除冰材料及技术,提升防御结冰灾害的应对能力,对日常生活、工业生产、国防军工等具有重要意义。低冰粘附防/除冰涂层... 详细信息

结冰是一种常见的自然现象,冰的形成和堆积会给航空航天、舰船交通、电力系统、能源设施等带来许多安全问题。研究防/除冰材料及技术,提升防御结冰灾害的应对能力,对日常生活、工业生产、国防军工等具有重要意义。低冰粘附防/除冰涂层利用材料本身的性能显著降低冰与表面的粘附力,使冰在风力或自重作用下脱离,具有广阔的发展前景。本文首先介绍了冰的形成原理和结冰类型。随后,从纳米、微米等不同尺度总结分析了低冰粘附防/除冰涂层理论模拟方面的研究进展。根据降低冰粘附机制的不同,分别介绍了超疏水涂层、润滑表面涂层、低模量弹性体涂层、应力集中诱发裂纹涂层、低界面韧性涂层等不同类型涂层的除冰机制和制备方法。综述了冰粘附性的评价指标和实验方法,阐述了各种冰粘附强度测试方法的优缺点。最后,展望了低冰粘附防/除冰涂层未来的研究方向。

关键词：防/除冰低冰粘附理论模拟力学机制测试方法

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