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Unexpected Diversity in Ecosystem Nutrient Responses to Experimental Drought in Temperate Grasslands

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第4期93卷 831-841页

作者： Biying Qiu Niwu Te Lin Song Yuan Shi Chuan Qiu xiaoan zuo Qiang Yu Jianqiang Qian Zhengwen Wang Honghui Wu Wentao Luo School of Life Sciences Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China Liaoning Northwest Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research StationInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110164China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730030China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China College of Forestry Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China

The responses of ecosystem nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to drought are an important component of globalchange studies. However, previous studies were more often based on site-specific experiments, introducing a significantuncertainty to synthesis and site comparisons. We investigated the responses of vegetation and soil nutrientsto drought using a network experiment of temperate grasslands in Northern China. Drought treatment (66%reduction in growing season precipitation) was imposed by erecting rainout shelters, respectively, at the driest,intermediate, and wettest sites. We found that vegetation nutrient concentrations increased but soil nutrient concentrationsdecreased along the aridity gradient. Differential responses were observed under experimentaldrought among the three grassland sites. Specifically, the experimental drought did not change vegetation andsoil nutrient status at the driest site, while strongly reduced vegetation but increased soil nutrient concentrationsat the site with intermediate precipitation. On the contrary, experimental drought increased vegetation N concentrationsbut did not change vegetation P and soil nutrient concentrations at the wettest site. In general, the differentialeffects of drought on ecosystem nutrients were observed between manipulative and observationalexperiments as well as between sites. Our research findings suggest that conducting large-scale, consistent, andcontrolled network experiments is essential to accurately evaluate the effects of global climate change on terrestrialecosystem bio-geochemistry.

关键词： Climate change drought experiment precipitation nutrient cycles

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生长季降水格局变化对科尔沁沙地典型生境植物群落结构、功能和地上生物量的影响

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中国沙漠 2024年第4期44卷 1-13页

作者：张晶左小安吕朋中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院甘肃兰州730000

为探究中国干旱、半干旱草地在生长季降水格局变化下植物群落结构、功能和地上生物量的变化规律,以科尔沁沙地为研究对象,于2022年分别在固定沙丘和沙质草地设立5—9月减水60%(P_(60-))、5—9月增水60%(P_(60+))、5—6月减水100%(P_(100... 详细信息

为探究中国干旱、半干旱草地在生长季降水格局变化下植物群落结构、功能和地上生物量的变化规律,以科尔沁沙地为研究对象,于2022年分别在固定沙丘和沙质草地设立5—9月减水60%(P_(60-))、5—9月增水60%(P_(60+))、5—6月减水100%(P_(100-))和5—6月增水100%(P_(100+))野外模拟控制试验,分析了生长季降水格局变化下植物群落特征(物种多样性、植被盖度、植物密度、地上生物量)、植物群落功能性状(高度、叶片厚度、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶片碳氮含量)以及土壤理化性质(土壤含水量、pH、电导率、机械组成、碳氮含量)等指标的变化规律和与地上生物量的相关关系。结果表明:干旱(P_(60-)和P_(100-))提高了科尔沁沙地中虎尾草和蒺藜等一年生C_(4)植物的重要值(P<0.05),降低了糙隐子草等多年生植物的重要值(P<0.05);对于固定沙丘而言,生长季前期极端干旱(P_(100-))提高了Simpson优势度指数(P<0.05),降低了Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(P<0.05),整个生长季持续干旱(P_(60-))提高了地上生物量(P<0.05);对于沙质草地而言,干旱(P_(60-)和P_(100-))降低了植被盖度和植物密度(P<0.05);干旱处理下地上生物量的提高主要是由单株生物量较大物种优势度的提高所导致,固定沙丘和沙质草地间土壤含水量和细砂含量的差异会通过影响Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和植物群落高度对地上生物量产生影响。因此,生长季降水格局变化改变了科尔沁沙地草地植物群落的物种组成、植被特征和土壤理化性质,影响地上生物量的同时改变了该区域草地生态系统的结构和功能。

关键词：降水格局植被特征功能性状土壤理化性质科尔沁沙地

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土壤水分和养分对沙质草地优势植物叶片氮回收效率的影响

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中国沙漠 2024年第1期44卷 161-169页

作者：张晶左小安吕朋中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院甘肃兰州730000

气候变化和人类活动影响草地资源利用效率和内部养分循环。为了明晰中国半干旱草原区植物对环境变化的养分调控策略,以沙质草地4种优势植物[狗尾草(Setaria viridis)、黄蒿(Artemisia scoparia)、白草(Pennisetum centrasiaticum)和糙... 详细信息

气候变化和人类活动影响草地资源利用效率和内部养分循环。为了明晰中国半干旱草原区植物对环境变化的养分调控策略,以沙质草地4种优势植物[狗尾草(Setaria viridis)、黄蒿(Artemisia scoparia)、白草(Pennisetum centrasiaticum)和糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)]为研究对象,依托增减水和氮添加交互模拟试验平台,分析了降水变化、氮添加及其耦合效应下土壤水分、土壤全氮、优势植物地上生物量、绿叶和枯叶氮含量以及氮回收效率(NRE)。结果表明:降水变化和氮添加及其耦合效应会引起物种结构和组成的变化,最终影响优势植物的生产力;干旱处理条件下,氮添加显著提高了狗尾草的绿叶氮含量从而降低NRE(P<0.05);生长季前期(5—6月)增加降水100%(+60 d)处理下,氮添加显著提高了黄蒿的绿叶氮含量(P<0.05);对于白草而言,生长季前期(5—6月)减少降水100%(-60 d)、CK和+60 d处理下,氮添加显著提高了绿叶氮含量(P<0.05),CK和+60 d处理下,氮添加显著提高了枯叶氮含量(P<0.05),+60 d处理下,氮添加显著降低了NRE(P<0.05);对于糙隐子草而言,CK处理下,氮添加显著提高了绿叶氮含量(P<0.05),+60 d处理下,氮添加显著提高了枯叶氮含量(P<0.05)。结构方程模型(SEM)表明,降水量对绿叶氮含量有负向影响,氮添加对绿叶氮含量和枯叶氮含量均有正向影响,绿叶氮含量对NRE有正向影响,而枯叶氮含量对NRE有负向影响。在科尔沁沙地,相比较于土壤氮,土壤水分可能是调控植物叶片NRE更为重要的影响因子。

关键词：沙质草地氮回收效率降水变化氮添加

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内蒙古草原优势物种光合速率对极端干旱的响应

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第3期17卷 5-15页

作者： Yalong Shi Yuanbo Cao Honghui Wu Chong Xu Qiang Yu xiaoan zuo Xingguo Han Melinda D.Smith Alan K.Knapp Chengjie Wang Guodong Han State Key Laboratory of Effcient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China China Rida Investment and Development Group Corp Ltd Beijing 100040China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Urat Desert-grassland Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA College of Grassland Resource and EnvironmentalInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010011China

评估极端干旱对优势植物物种光合速率(Pn)的影响对于我们理解极端干旱影响生态系统功能的机制至关重要。极端干旱可能由降雨量减少或降雨频率减少造成。这两种不同模式的极端干旱可能造成不同的影响。此外,不同草原类型可能对这两种极... 详细信息

评估极端干旱对优势植物物种光合速率(Pn)的影响对于我们理解极端干旱影响生态系统功能的机制至关重要。极端干旱可能由降雨量减少或降雨频率减少造成。这两种不同模式的极端干旱可能造成不同的影响。此外,不同草原类型可能对这两种极端干旱模式表现出不同的敏感性。然而,目前尚不清楚这两种极端干旱模式对草原优势植物物种Pn的影响有何差异,以及在不同草原类型这两种不同模式的极端干旱的效应是否改变。为此,我们于2014年在内蒙古草原两个不同类型的草原(荒漠草原vs.典型草原)站点各进行了一项多年的极端干旱(CHR:将生长季期间每次降雨事件的降雨量减少66%***:完全排除生长季内一段较短时间的降水)模拟实验。于2017年的7月和8月,我们在这两个草原站点各测量了两种优势物种的Pn。结果发现,CHR和INT均显著降低了优势物种的Pn。无论草原类型如何,INT对Pn造成的负面影响都更大。在荒漠草原,极端干旱对Pn的负面影响普遍大于典型草原,尤其是对于CHR处理下的羊草(Leymus chinensis)。这些结果表明,与降雨量减少相比,降雨频率减少所引起的极端干旱对Pn的负面影响更大。草地类型可能会改变极端干旱模式效应的程度,但不会改变其方向。这些发现强调了应对未来极端干旱的草原生态系统管理应考虑极端干旱模式和草地类型的影响。

关键词：极端气候荒漠草原典型草原极端干旱模式季节性干旱

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Scale dependence of plant species richness and vegetation-environment relationship along a gradient of dune stabilization in Horqin Sandy Land, Northern China

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第3期6卷 334-342页

作者： xiaoan zuo ShaoKun WANG XueYong ZHAO Jie LIAN Naiman Desertification Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Stress Ecophysiology and Biotechnology Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Ecological patterns and processes in dune ecosystems have been a research focus in recent years, however the information on how dune stabilization influences the spatial scale dependence of plant diversity is still lacking. In this study, we measured the plant species richness, soil properties and altitude across four spatial scales （1, 10, 100 and 1,000 m2） at three different dune stabilization stages （mobile dune, semi-fixed dune and fixed dune） in Horqin Sandy Land, Northern China. We also examined the relationships between plant species richness, community composition and environmental factors along the gradient of dune stabilization. Our results showed that plant species richness increased with the increase of spatial scales in each dune stabilization stage, as well as with the increase of dune stabilization degrees. Canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） showed that plant distribu- tions in the processes of dune stabilization were determined by the combined environmental gradient in relation to soil organic carbon （SOC）, total nitrogen （TN）, carbon/nitrogen （C/N）, pH, electrical conductivity （EC）, soil water content （SWC）, fine sand （FS）, very fine sand （VFS）, silt and clay （SC）, and altitude. Plant species richness was significantly and positively correlated to SOC and TN in mobile dune, and significantly and positively correlated to SOC, TN, C/N, VFS and SC in semi-fixed dune. However, no significant correlation between plant species richness and environmental factors was observed in fixed dune. In addition, plant species richness in different dune stabili- zation stages was also determined by the combined gradient of soil properties and altitude. These results suggest that plant species richness has obvious scale dependence along the gradient of dune stabilization. Soil resources depending on dune habitats and environmental gradients caused by dune stabilization are important factors to de- termine the scale dependence of species diversity in sand dune eco

关键词： CCA environmental gradient sandy land ecosystem spatial scale dependence species diversity

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Land cover changes and the effects of cultivation on soil properties in Shelihu wetland,Horqin Sandy Land,Northern China

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第1期5卷 71-79页

作者： Jie LIANI XueYong ZHAO xiaoan zuo ShaoKun WANG XinYuan WANG YongQing LUO Naiman Desertification Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Land cover change plays an essential role in the alternation of soils properties. By field investigation and applying satellite images, land cover information in the Shelihu wetland was carried out in an area of 2,819 hm2 in 1985, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2011, respectively, in Horqin Sandy Land. A total of 57 soil sampling sites across Shelihu were chosen in wet meadow （CL0）, cropland （CL） and sandy land （SL） according to the spatial characteristics of water body change. Soil texture, organic carbon （SOC）, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） contents, electrical conductivity （EC） and pH were measured at the soil depths of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm to examine the influence of agricultural conversion and continuous cultivation on soil properties. The results showed that the study area was covered by water body in 1985, which gradually declined afterwards and then reclaimed rapidly at a mean annual rate of 132.1 hm2/a from wet meadow to cropland since 1995. In 2011, water body was drained and the area was occupied by 10.8% of CL0, 76.9% of CL and 12.3% of SL. Large amounts of SOC, TN and TP were accumulated in the above depths in CL0. Soil in CL0 also had higher EC and silt and clay fractions, lower pH than in SL and CL. Soil in SL was seriously degraded with lower contents of SOC, TN and TP than in CL and CL0. SOC, TN content and EC in CL decreased with the increase of cultivation age, while pH showed a reverse trend with significance at plough horizon. The agricultural conversion in Shelihu was driven by the comprehensive factors of precipitation reduction, economic development and intense competitions for irrigation water. Continuous cultivation in this process is not sustainable because of SOC degradation and nutrient content reduction. The key point is that conventional tillage and removal of residuals induced further land degradation. Wetland reclamation for immediate economic interests led to greater costs in the long-term environmental restoration i

关键词： wetland soil degradation wetland reclamation continuous cultivation Horqin Sandy Land

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Effect of spatial scale and topography on spatial heterogeneity of soil seed banks under grazing disturbance in a sandy grassland of Horqin Sand Land, Northern China

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Journal of Arid Land 2012年第2期4卷 151-160页

作者： xiaoan zuo ShaoKun WANG XueYong ZHAO WenJin LI Johannes KNOPS Amy KOCHSlEK Naiman Desertification Research Station Cold and Arid Regions of Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chi- nese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Laboratory of Plant Stress Ecophysiology and Biotechnology CAREERI Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology of Ministry of Education Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln 62588 USA

Soil seed banks play an important role in the distribution and composition of plant communities in semiarid grassland ecosystems. However, information on how spatial scale influences the spatial heterogeneity of soil seed banks in a grassland under grazing disturbance is still lacking. Based on field sampling and greenhouse germination, we measured the species composition and seed density of soil seed banks at different spatial scales （30 mx30 m, 30 mx60 m and 30 mx90 m） along a topographical gradient in a sandy grassland in Horqin Sand Land, Northern China. By applying geostatistical methods, we examined how spatial scale and topography affected the spatial distribution of soil seed banks in the study area. Our results showed that the total number of species in soil seed banks, as well as the number of dominant annuals, increased with the increase of spatial scales. Seed density in soil seed banks decreased with the increase of spatial scales due to an increase in the slopes and relative heights of the sampling points. Geostatistical analysis showed that the relative structural variance （C/（C0＋C）） of seed density and species richness were over 65% for all spatial scales, indicating that these variables had an ob- vious spatial autocorrelation and the spatial structured variance accounted for the largest proportion of the total sample variance. Spatial autocorrelation of seed density in soil seed banks increased with the increase of measured scales, while that of species richness showed a reverse trend. These results suggest that the total number of spe- cies in soil seed banks is spatial scale dependent and lower topography may accommodate more seeds. Spatial distribution of seed density in soil seed banks is also scale dependent due to topographic variation. Grassland management, therefore, needs to consider local grazing disturbance regime, spatial scale and topography.

关键词： sandy grassland grazing disturbance topographic variation seed density species richness scale dependence Inner Mongolia

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Litter decomposition in fragile ecosystems:A review

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2022年第3期14卷 151-161页

作者： Hao Qu XueYong Zhao xiaoan zuo ShaoKun Wang XuJun Ma Xia Tang XinYuan Wang Eduardo Medina-Roldán Urat Desert-grassland Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Naiman Desertification Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Ecological Environmental Supervision and Administration Bureau of Gansu Province LanzhouGansu 730020China Institute of BioEconomy−National Research Council(IBE-CNR) Sesto Fiorentino 50019Italy

As a linkage between plants and soil,litter decomposition and its effect on nutrient recirculation have an important ecolog‐ical significance as they contribute to soil structure improvement and the restoration of degraded *** eco‐systems in arid regions(both hot and cold)are depleted in soil organic matter,and as a result of various factors their circu‐lation of material and energy is *** we discuss how litter decomposition is necessary to maintain the stability of fragile *** reviewed research on litter decomposition carried out in arid *** objective in this review is to outline how litter decomposition,and the subsequent buildup of organic matter in soil,is a key process determining the stability of fragile *** review shows that existing studies have focused on the influence of single ecologi‐cal factors on litter decomposition and nutrient cycling,and highlights how the exploration of interactions among factors determining litter decomposition is still *** interaction is a key aspect,since in the real world,decomposition and nutrient return to soil of litter products is affected by multiple *** propose a network setup on a cross-regional scale using standardized methods(e.g.,the tea bag method)to understand litter decomposition and nutrient return in frag‐ile *** a unique network could contribute to establish predictive models suitable for litter decomposition and nutrient return in these areas,and thus could provide theoretical and practical support for regional ecological protec‐tion and high-quality development.

关键词： litter mass loss fragile ecosystems arid semi-arid hot-deserts cold-deserts

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ITS sequence analysis of Artemisia halodendron in different habitat gradients

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第3期5卷 347-352页

作者： WenDa Huang XueYong Zhao YuQiang Li xiaoan zuo Jing Feng Na Su Naiman Desertification Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

The aim of the present study is to investigate the difference between ITS sequences ofArtemisia halodendron Turcz. from differ- ent habitat gradients in Horqin Sandy Land, with Artemisia depauperata Krasch. selected as the outgroup. Results indicate that the total length ofA. halodendron ITS is 696 bp, the lengths of unaligned ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences varied from 253 to 256 bp and 264 to 269 bp, respectively, and GC content of ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences ranged from 54.02% to 54.77% and 56.75% to 58.64%, respectively. This indicates a high difference of length and composition of sequences in ITS-1 than ITS-2. The genetic identity between ITS sequences ofA. halodendron from nine populations ranged from 85.7% to 99.7% which indicates some genetic dif- ferentiation between sequences. In the maximum parsimony （MP） tree, most ITS sequences from A. halodendron show two major clades： Clade I and Clade II, with Clade II older than Clade I. The order is subp4→ subpl → subp2 → subp3→ subp8 → subp6 → subp7 → subp9 → subp5, and corresponding habitat order is： inter-dune lowlands → semi-mobile dune → mobile dune →semi-fixed dune -→fixed dune. This indicates a close relation between the evolutionary processes ofA. halodendron and deserti- fication forming processes and ecological restoration processes of Horqin Sandy Land.

关键词： Horqin Sandy Land Artemisia halodendron habitat gradients ITS

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Effects of dune stabilization on vegetation characteristics and soil properties at multiple scales in Horqin Sandy Land,Northern China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2015年第1期7卷 40-49页

作者： xiaoan zuo XueYong Zhao ShaoKun Wang Xin Zhou Peng Lv Jing Zhang Naiman Desertification Research Station Cold and Arid Regions of Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Stress Ecophysiology and Biotechnology (LSEB) Cold and Arid Regions of Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Ecological patterns and processes in dune ecosystems have been a research focus in recent years, however information on how dune stabilization influences vegetation and soil at different spatial scales is still lacking. In this study, we measured vegetation characteristics and soil properties across three spatial scales （10, 100 and 1,000 m^2） along gradient dune stabilization stages （mobile dune, semi-fixed dune and fixed dune） in Horqin Sandy Land, Northern China. Vegetation cover over all scales significantly increased with degree of dune stabilization, as well as species richness and C/N ratio at 10 m^2 scale. Species richness significantly increased with the increase in measured scales at each stage of dune stabilization and was higher in fixed dune than that in mobile dune and semi-fixed dune at 100 and 1,000 m^2 scales. Over all scales, aboveground biomass was lower in mobile dune than that in semi-fixed dune and fixed dune, and soil organic C, total N, EC, very fine sand and silt ＋ clay contents were higher in fixed dune than those in mobile dune and semi-fixed dune. These results suggest that along the gradient dune stabilization, species richness has strong spatial scale-dependence, but vegetation cover, aboveground biomass and soil properties is generally scale independent （i.e., the pattern of response is consistent across all scales）. Effect of dune stabilization on vegetation and soil over all spatial scales results in the positive correlation among vegetation cover, species richness, biomass, soil organic C, total N, C/N, EC, very fine sand and silt ＋ clay along the gradient dune stabilization. In addition, species response to dune stabilization. Thus, the monitoring strategies diversity in semiarid dune ecosystems. richness at the smallest scale （10 m^2） has more sensitive at small scales are essential to detect changes of species

关键词： dune stabilization sand dune scale dependence soil properties species diversity

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