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Deciphering dynamic surface of PtRu alloy nanocatalysts to revisit their synergistic effects during the electrooxidation

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2224-2233页

作者： xiao-Chong Li Bo Wang zhou Yu Qiang Wan Ju-Fang Zheng Emmanuel Maisonhaute xiao-shun zhou Ya-Hao Wang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Institute of Physical ChemistryZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Laboratoire Interface et Systèmes Electrochimiques CNRS UMR 8235Sorbonne UniversitéF-75252 Paris cedex 5France

Correlating dynamic structural transformation of catalysts with the surface intermediate species under operating conditions is critical for updating the understanding of structure–performance ***,we probe the electrochemical potentialdependent surface structures and adsorbed intermediates on PtRu binary alloy nanocatalysts to revisit its synergistic mechanisms for CO electrooxidation enhanced ***-situ spectral characteristics by using modified shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,show that in acidic solution,when the potential is positively scanned from 0.1 V to 1.5 V relative to reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),the surface of the alloy catalyst evolves from metallic PtRu to adsorbed oxygen gradually covering and accumulating on Ru sites(denoted as PtRuO_(x),x≤2),forming segregated RuO_(2),and finally forming a threedimensional oxide layer(denoted as 3D PtRuO_(4)).Moreover,molecular evidence associated with periodic density functional theory calculations reveals that electronic effects promote ruthenium to become more oxidizable and *** particular,we found here that ^(*)O and ^(*)OH at surface RuO_(x) sites are highly efficient CO oxidation active species in comparison to the same entities adsorbed on metallic Ru *** work sheds light on the complex surface dynamic process of practical Pt-based binary nanocatalysts and improves the understanding of synergistic mechanism for the development of fuel cell devices.

关键词： in-situ Raman spectroscopy surface evolution bifunctional mechanism PtRu electrooxidation

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Neural-field-assisted transport-of-intensity phase microscopy: partially coherent quantitative phase imaging under unknown defocus distance

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1494-1501页

作者： YANBO JIN LINPENG LU shun zhou JIE zhou YAO FAN CHAO ZUO Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory(SCILab) School of Electronic and Optical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute(SCIRI)of Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210019China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging&Intelligent Sense Nanjing 210094China

The transport-of-intensity equation(TIE) enables quantitative phase imaging(QPI) under partially coherent illumination by measuring the through-focus intensities combined with a linearized inverse reconstruction algorithm. However, overcoming its sensitivity to imaging settings remains a challenging problem because of the difficulty in tuning the optical parameters of the imaging system accurately and because of the instability to long-time measurements. To address these limitations, we propose and experimentally validate a solution called neural-field-assisted transport-of-intensity phase microscopy(NFTPM) by introducing a tunable defocus parameter into neural field. Without weak object approximation, NFTPM incorporates the physical prior of partially coherent image formation to constrain the neural field and learns the continuous representation of phase object without the need for training. Simulation and experimental results of He La cells demonstrate that NFTPM can achieve accurate, partially coherent QPI under unknown defocus distances, providing new possibilities for extending applications in live cell biology.

关键词： field coherent phase

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Precision tuning of highly efficient Pt-based ternary alloys on nitrogen-doped multi-wall carbon nanotubes for methanol oxidation reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 242-251,I0006页

作者： Xingqun Zheng Zhengcheng Wang Qian zhou Qingmei Wang Wei He shun Lu College of Safety Engineering Chongqing University of Science&TechnologyChongqing 401331China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuizhou 550025GuiyangChina Department of Chemistry University of Rhode IslandKingston 02881Rhode IslandUnited States Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

The electrochemical methanol oxidation is a crucial reaction in the conversion of renewable *** enable the widespread adoption of direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs),it is essential to create and engineer catalysts that are both highly effective and robust for conducting the methanol oxidation reaction(MOR).In this work,trimetallic PtCoRu electrocatalysts on nitrogen-doped carbon and multi-wall carbon nanotubes(PtCoRu@NC/MWCNTs)were prepared through a two-pot synthetic *** acceleration of CO oxidation to CO_(2) and the blocking of CO reduction on adjacent Pt active sites were attributed to the crucial role played by cobalt atoms in the as-prepared *** precise control of Co atoms loading was achieved through precursor *** physicochemical techniques were employed to analyze the morphology,element composition,and electronic state of the *** investigations and theoretical calculations confirmed that the Pt_(1)Co_(3)Ru_(1)@NC/MWCNTs exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance and durability for the process of *** enhanced MOR activity can be attributed to the synergistic effect between the multiple elements resulting from precisely controlled Co loading content on surface of the electrocatalyst,which facilitates efficient charge *** interaction between the multiple components also modifies the electronic structures of active sites,thereby promoting the conversion of intermediates and accelerating the MOR ***,achieving precise control over Co loading in PtCoRu@NC/MWCNTs would enable the development of high-performance catalysts for DMFCs.

关键词： Ternary alloys Electrocatalysts Methanol oxidation reaction Electron transfer Theoretical calculations

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Synthesis of Organofluorine Compounds with Acylsilanes

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第8期42卷 887-902页

作者： Youyuan Guo Gang zhou xiao Shen The Institute for Advanced Studies Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds&MaterialsMinistry of EducationWuhan University299 Bayi RoadWuhanHubei430072 China

Comprehensive Summary,Organofluorine compounds are central in synthetic chemistry,medicinal chemistry and material *** this review,we summarize the investigations on the synthesis of organofluorine compounds with *** the non-fluorinated acylsilanes,the in situ generation of difluoroenoxysilanes from the reactions of the acylsilanes with trifluoromethylation reagents is the major pathway,leading to the facile preparation of variousα,α-*** the fluoroalkylacylsilanes,apart from the in situ generation of difluoroenoxysilanes through anion Brook rearrangement,radical Brook rearrangement of the photoexcited acylsilanes and the selective control of reactivities of the biradicals pave the way for the synthesis of a variety of organofluorine *** general,most of these reactions gave racemic products,and the asymmetric synthesis of organofluorine compounds with acylsilanes is still rare,which would be a future.

关键词： Acylsilanes Organofluorine compounds Brook rearrangement Radical rearrangement β-Fluoride elimination Asymmetric catalysis Photocatalysis Defluoroalkylation

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Isocyanide-Based One-Pot Cascade Synthesis of 3-Acyl Isoindolinones

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 259-263页

作者： Jia Liu Yi-Ming Zhu xiao-Ping Xu shun-Jun Ji Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123 China Suzhou Baolidi Functional Materials Research Institute SuzhouJiangsu215144 China

A series of 3-acyl-substituted isoindolinone derivatives were synthesized in a one-pot manner via the reaction of o-bromobenzaldehydes,isocyanides,and carboxylic acids in the presence of palladium catalyst and base. The reaction employing easily available starting materials features simple operation and high efficiency. The mechanistic study showed that the reaction might undergo 1) Pd-catalyzed [3+2] cyclization of o-bromobenzaldehyde with isocyanide and the re-insertion of another molecule of isocyanide,2) addition of carboxylic acid to in situ formed ketenimine followed by a rearrangement relay to give 3,3-diacyl-substituted isoindolinone derivative. Further transformations of the obtained products through decarbonylation could also be realized.

关键词： One-pot reaction Isocyanide Pd catalysis Rearrangement reaction Isoindolinone

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Analysis of China's Electricity Price and Electricity Burden of Basic Industries under the Carbon Peak Target before 2030

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 481-491页

作者： Yue Qiu Suyang zhou Wei Gu xiao-Ping Zhang School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjingChina School of Electronic Electrical and System EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamU.K.

The Chinese government is deepening reformation of electricity prices during the 14th Five Year Plan period and has set a carbon emission reduction target of reaching carbon peak before *** this context,will the carbon emission target influence electricity pricing and will electricity price influence competitiveness of Chinese main industries are two questions needing to be *** paper compares China's electricity price level with the selected major countries in the world,and four typical industries are selected to evaluate their electricity burden ***,the correlation between residential electricity price and industrial electricity price and the influencing factors is analyzed,from the perspectives of scale,structure and *** to the model obtained by regression analysis,the electricity price level and corresponding residential and industrial electricity burden in 2025 and 2030 are *** Terms-Electricity burden,industrial electricity price,regression analysis,residential electricity price.

关键词： Electricity burden industrial electricity price regression analysis residential electricity price

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Global outreach and networking promotion to accelerate tropical diseases elimination

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第3期13卷 1-5页

作者： Lv Shan zhou xiao-Nong National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases Shanghai People’s Republic of China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China Institute of One Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai People’s Republic of China Hainan Center for Tropical Diseases Research (Hainan Subcenter of Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research) Haikou People’s Republic of China

Cooperation and networking are powerful tools in the combating against tropical diseases. Cooperation on a global scale is essential due to the transboundary nature of tropical diseases. Networking plays a pivotal role in facilitating such cooperation. Both cooperation and networking can foster innovation in disease control programmes. Collaborative research can lead to the development of new drugs and vaccines, while shared surveillance data can enable the early detection and control of disease epidemics. Therefore, consensus of cooperation and networking has been reached during the 7th Symposium on Surveillance-Response Systems Leading to Tropical Diseases Elimination, which reflected in the two documents, i.e.,Consensus for Transboundary Tropical Diseases Control, andAction Consensus of the Network of WHO Collaborating Centres Related to NTDs. These documents will improve the efforts in the fighting against tropical diseases through collective actions to achieve the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

关键词： Tropical diseases Cooperation Networking Elimination Sustainable development goals

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Stability of the Phase Separation State for Compressible Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn System

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 45-74页

作者： Ya-zhou Chen Hakho Hong xiao-ding Shi Department of Mathematics College of Mathematics and PhysicsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Institute of Mathematics State Academy of SciencesPyongyangKorea

This paper is concerned with the large time behavior of the Cauchy problem for Navier-Stokes/AllenCahn system describing the interface motion of immiscible two-phase flow in 3-D. The existence and uniqueness of global solutions and the stability of the phase separation state are proved under the small initial perturbations. Moreover, the optimal time decay rates are obtained for higher-order spatial derivatives of density,velocity and phase. Our results imply that if the immiscible two-phase flow is initially located near the phase separation state, then under small perturbation conditions, the solution exists globally and decays algebraically to the complete separation state of the two-phase flow, that is, there will be no interface fracture, vacuum, shock wave, mass concentration at any time, and the interface thickness tends to zero as the time t → +∞.

关键词： Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system existence uniqueness large time behavior decay rate

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Computational Experiments for Complex Social Systems:Integrated Design of Experiment System

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1175-1189页

作者： xiao Xue Xiangning Yu Deyu zhou xiao Wang Chongke Bi Shufang Wang Fei-Yue Wang College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Software Shandong UniversityJinan 250101China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

Powered by advanced information industry and intelligent technology,more and more complex systems are exhibiting characteristics of the cyber-physical-social systems(CPSS).And human factors have become crucial in the operations of complex social *** mechanical analysis and social simulations alone are powerless for analyzing complex social *** this backdrop,computational experiments have emerged as a new method for quantitative analysis of complex social systems by combining social simulation(e.g.,ABM),complexity science,and domain ***,in the process of applying computational experiments,the construction of experiment system not only considers a large number of artificial society models,but also involves a large amount of data and *** a result,how to integrate various data,model and knowledge to achieve a running experiment system has become a key *** paper proposes an integrated design framework of computational experiment system,which is composed of four parts:generation of digital subject,generation of digital object,design of operation engine,and construction of experiment ***,this paper outlines a typical case study of coal mine emergency management to verify the validity of the proposed framework.

关键词： artificial system operations

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Echo State Network Based on Improved Knowledge Distillation for Edge Intelligence

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 101-111页

作者： Jian zhou Yuwen JIANG Lijie XU Lu ZHAO Fu xiao College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks

Echo state network(ESN) as a novel artificial neural network has drawn much attention from time series prediction in edge intelligence. ESN is slightly insufficient in long-term memory, thereby impacting the prediction performance. It suffers from a higher computational overhead when deploying on edge devices. We firstly introduce the knowledge distillation into the reservoir structure optimization, and then propose the echo state network based on improved knowledge distillation(ESN-IKD) for edge intelligence to improve the prediction performance and reduce the computational overhead. The model of ESN-IKD is constructed with the classic ESN as a student network, the long and short-term memory network as a teacher network, and the ESN with double loop reservoir structure as an assistant network. The student network learns the long-term memory capability of the teacher network with the help of the assistant network. The training algorithm of ESN-IKD is proposed to correct the learning direction through the assistant network and eliminate the redundant knowledge through the iterative pruning. It can solve the problems of error learning and redundant learning in the traditional knowledge distillation process. Extensive experimental simulation shows that ESN-IKD has a good time series prediction performance in both long-term and short-term memory, and achieves a lower computational overhead.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Training Performance evaluation Computational modeling Time series analysis Artificial neural networks Reservoirs

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