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Ko⁃LLaMA:基于LLaMA的朝鲜语大语言模型

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外语学刊 2025年第1期 1-8页

作者：庞杰闫晓东赵小兵中央民族大学北京100081 国家语言资源监测与研究民族语言中心北京100081 民族语言智能与安全治理教育部重点实验室北京100081

在本文中,我们通过扩展LLaMA现有的词表,增加额外的20,000个朝鲜语Token,从而提高其对朝鲜语的编码和语义理解的能力;并且进一步使用朝鲜语数据进行继续预训练,使用朝鲜语指令微调数据集对模型进行SFT(Supervised Fine⁃Tuning),并分析... 详细信息

在本文中,我们通过扩展LLaMA现有的词表,增加额外的20,000个朝鲜语Token,从而提高其对朝鲜语的编码和语义理解的能力;并且进一步使用朝鲜语数据进行继续预训练,使用朝鲜语指令微调数据集对模型进行SFT(Supervised Fine⁃Tuning),并分析不同数据量对指令精调效果的影响,经过继续预训练和指令微调后的模型显著提高了理解和遵循朝鲜语指令的能力。实验结果表明,新提出的模型Ko⁃LLaMA显著提高了原版LLaMA在理解和生成朝鲜语内容方面的能力。此外,在朝鲜语文本分类数据集YNAT上对Ko⁃LLaMA与擅长少数民族语言的CINO模型及CINO的多种模型组合以及原版LLaMA和GPT⁃3.5进行了效果对比。结果表明,Ko⁃LLaMA的朝鲜语文本分类能力远超CINO和CINO的组合模型以及LLaMA和GPT⁃3.5等未经过朝鲜语语料进行词表扩充和继续预训练的大语言模型。

关键词：朝鲜语大语言模型词表扩充继续预训练指令微调

De novo synthesis of atropisomeric benzofurans via Cu/SPDO complex catalyzed asymmetric formal [3 + 2] annulation

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 174-180页

作者： Fan-xiao Meng Xing-Yu Wang Ka Lu Ju-Song Yang Fu-Min Zhang Ai-Jun Ma Bao Du Yong-Qiang Tu State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences Wuyi University

Herein, the de novo synthesis of atropisomeric benzofurans through the Cu/spirocyclic-pyrrolidine-oxazoline(SPDO) complex catalyze asymmetric formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition between quinones and ynamides is explored, producing a range of structurally diverse axially chiral benzofurans in satisfactory yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations were applied to explain the possible reaction mechanism.

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Effects of ultrasonic-assisted extraction on bioactive compounds,volatile flavors and antioxidant activities of vine tea water extracts

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第1期10卷 73-81页

作者： xiao-Long Zhou Wei-Jin Jiang Ji Yu Mao-Jun Yao Yun-Tong Li Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research Resource Mining and High-valued Utilization on Edible&Medicinal PlantCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJishou UniversityJishou 416000China Hunan Gaoge Dairy Co. Ltd.Changsha 410000China

Background:Ampelopsis grossedentata,vine tea,which is the tea alternative beverages in *** vine tea processing,a large amount of broken tea is produced,which has low commercial ***:This study investigates the influence of different extraction methods(room temperature water extraction,boiling water extraction,ultrasonic-assisted room temperature water extraction,and ultrasonic-assisted boiling water extraction,referred to as room temperature water extraction(RE),boiling water extraction(BE),ultrasonic assistance at room temperature water extraction(URE),and ultrasonic assistance in boiling water extraction(UBE))on the yield,dihydromyricetin(DMY)content,free amino acid composition,volatile aroma components,and antioxidant properties of vine tea ***:A notable influence of extraction temperature on the yield of vine tea extracts(P<0.05),with BE yielding the highest at 43.13±0.26%,higher than that of RE(34.29±0.81%).Ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly increased the DMY content of the extracts(P<0.05),whereas DMY content in the RE extracts was 59.94±1.70%,that of URE reached 66.14±2.78%.Analysis revealed 17 amino acids,with L-serine and aspartic acid being the most abundant in the extracts,nevertheless ultrasound-assisted extraction reduced total free amino acid *** chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated an increase in the diversity and quantity of compounds in the vine tea water extracts obtained through ultrasonic-assisted ***,69 and 68 volatile compounds were found in URE and UBE extracts,which were higher than the number found in RE and BE *** vitro,antioxidant activity assessments revealed varying antioxidant capacities among different extraction methods,with RE exhibiting the highest DPPH scavenging rate,URE leading in ABTS•+free radical scavenging,and BE demonstrating superior ferric ion reducing antioxidant ***:The findings suggest that extraction methods signi

关键词： vine tea dihydromyricetin ultrasonic-assisted extraction volatile aroma components

Distinct MLT asymmetry of auroral kilometric radiation observed by the FAST satellite

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 188-193页

作者： JiaWen Tang Sai Zhang FuLiang xiao HongMing Yang Si Liu YiHua He Chang Yang YuYue Jin ZhouKun Deng Ping Li Archie James Johnston School of Physics and Electronic Sciences Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China Hunan Province Higher Education Key Laboratory of Modeling and Monitoring on the Near-Earth Electromagnetic Environments Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China

Auroral Kilometric Radiation(AKR)is a common radio emission,which can contribute to the magnetosphere−ionosphere−atmosphere *** emissions have been observed in all magnetic planet magnetospheres of the solar *** this study,using observations from the FAST satellite from 30 August 1996 to 9 September 2001,the distribution of AKR in altitude=500−4500 km and invariant latitude(|ILAT|)=60°−80°has been analyzed.63045 AKR samples have been identified with~48%(52%)samples on the dayside(nightside).Of considerable interest,there is a distinct MLT asymmetry with the high occurrence rate in MLT=05−08 and 18−22(02−05 and 12−17)in the northern(southern)*** distinct MLT asymmetry is associated with the direction of Bxof the interplanetary magnetic *** addition,the occurrence rate on the nightside clearly increases as the index *** study further enriches *** and understanding of AKR in the magnetosphere as well as other similar radio emissions.

关键词： asymmetry auroral kilometric radiation interplanetary magnetic field

中华民族视觉形象的文化叙事及实践——基于文化形象学的论析

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新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2025年第2期46卷 112-121页

作者：令小雄苗昕西北师范大学马克思主义学院教育部高校思想政治工作队伍培训研修中心(西北师范大学) 甘肃兰州730070

文本基于多维度理论系统梳理中华民族视觉形象的文化意蕴、内涵质态与构建策略,为铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供理论基础。一是运用文化符号学理论解析中华民族视觉形象的意涵及其历史演变,探赜“和合共生,合谐共美”价值理想承载的多元... 详细信息

文本基于多维度理论系统梳理中华民族视觉形象的文化意蕴、内涵质态与构建策略,为铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供理论基础。一是运用文化符号学理论解析中华民族视觉形象的意涵及其历史演变,探赜“和合共生,合谐共美”价值理想承载的多元一体文化格局,通过提炼核心符号,揭示视觉形象塑造在铸牢中华民族共同体意识中的重要作用。二是采用历史唯物主义方法论考察中华民族视觉形象在不同历史时期的构建与传播路径,通过文化形象考古学和文献学剖析视觉形象文化功能转变与价值重塑过程,探讨其在凝聚民族力量、强化国家认同中的重要意义。三是引入文化哲学、文化心理学视角分析视觉形象在增强社会凝聚力和心理认同中的内在机制,探究视觉符号通过激活集体记忆和情感共鸣、唤起民族自豪感和共同体意识成为社会整合的重要媒介。四是基于文化形象学视角提出构建中华民族视觉形象的策略:从中华文化形象本体论和认识论出发,提炼具有代表性的符号,利用现代数智科技和新媒体创新视觉形象的表达与传播,注重文化形象多样性的辩证统一,发掘整合各民族形象文化元素的共同意识。

关键词：中华民族视觉形象国家形象文化形象认同文化传播

Clinicopathological differences between patients with schistosomal appendicitis and non schistosomal appendicitis:A retrospectively study of past ten years

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第2期13卷 24-32页

作者： xiao-Yi Wang Yao Hao Zi-Jian Wang Xiu-Liang Xu Jiang-Hua Yang Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhu 241001Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Chronic schistosomiasis causes multiple organ and multiple system diseases,especially the digestive *** eggs are mainly deposited in the stomach,liver and colorectal,but a few eggs are deposited in the appendix and cause *** present,there are few studies on schistosomal *** To explore the differences in epidemiological,clinical and pathological characteristics between schistosomal appendicitis and non-schistosomal appendicitis over the past decade in order to assess the impact of schistosomiasis on *** The differences of general data,clinical data and laboratory examination data of patients with appendicitis from October 2013 to October 2023 were retrospectively *** patients were divided into two groups for *** were 136 patients in schistosomal appendicitis group and 5418 patients in non-schistosomal appendicitis *** Schistosomal appendicitis accounted for 2.45%of all patients with appendicitis,and the annual proportion in the past decade was 2.2%,2.9%,1.8%,1.9%,3.4%,3.1%,1.9%,1.6%,3%,2.6%,*** prevalence of schistosomal appendicitis was middle-aged and elderly males,with an average age of 61.73±15.335 *** main population of non-schistosomal appendicitis was middle-aged men,with an average age of 35.8±24.013 years(P<0.001).The distribution of pathological types of appendicitis was different between the two groups(P<0.001).The incidence of acute suppurative appendicitis in non-schistosomal appendicitis was higher than that in schistosomal appendicitis[odds ratio(OR)=0.504;95%confidence interval(CI):0.349-0.728;P<0.001].The proportion of acute attack of chronic appendicitis in schistosomal appendicitis was higher than that in non-schistosomal appendicitis(OR=2.614;95%CI:1.815-3.763;P<0.001).The proportion of schistosomal appendicitis patients complicated with colorectal cancer was higher than that of nonschistosomal appendicitis patients(OR=5.087;95%CI:1.427-

关键词： Schistosomal appendicitis Schistosomiasis Appendix Colorectal cancer Clinicopathological characteristics

Oxygen Atom‑Concentrating Short Fibrous Sponge Regulates Cellular Respiration for Wound Healing

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第5期5卷 1773-1787页

作者： xiaohan Fu Juan Wang Dejian Qian linhe Xi Liang Chen Yawei Du Wenguo Cui Yan Wang Department of Plastic Surgery Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of ChinaShandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinan 250014People’s Republic of China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinan 250014People’s Republic of China Department of Plastic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound RepairJinan 250014People’s Republic of China

Cellular respiration can provide energy for wound ***,some of retarded healing processes in local hyperglycemic environment suffer from a decrease in cellular adaptation to oxygen,thus reducing in situ oxidative ***,a three-dimensional(3D)extracellular matrix(ECM)bionic short fibrous sponge was prepared for chronic diabetic wound healing and effectively regulated cellular respiration by enhancing cellular adaptation to oxygen and remolding the local tissue *** 3D bionic sponge scaffold exhibited good cell adhesion,biocompatibility,bioactivity,and,most importantly,aggregated oxygen atoms on the graphene oxide(GO)*** an in vitro assay,the oxygen atom-concentrating short fibrous sponge activated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),induced the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and effectively promoted angiogenesis in a hyperglycemic *** sponge was also applied to diabetic wounds in vivo to verify its roles in the promotion of angiogenesis and collagen *** experiments confirmed the synergistic effect of GO with adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs),which could further promote diabetic wound ***,oxygen atom-concentrating short fibrous sponges that regulate cellular respiration provide a new idea for the repair of poorly healing wounds by improving oxidative metabolism and have importantclinical significance.

关键词： Cellular respiration Graphene oxide MCP-1 Short fibrous sponge Wound healing

Hollow FeCoNiAl microspheres with stabilized magnetic properties for microwave absorption

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2079-2087页

作者： linhe Yu Gangjie Lian Guozhen Zhu Sue Ren Yanfang Du Xuhui Xiong Rui Chen Jincang Zhang Wenbin You Renchao Che Institute of Advanced Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100China Capital Aerospace Machinery Corporation Limited Beijing 100000China AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing 100095China International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures Materials Genome InstitutePhysics DepartmentShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Development of high-performance microwave absorption materials(MAM)with stabilized magnetic properties at high temperatures is specifically essential but remains ***,the Snoke's limitation restrains the microwave absorption(MA)property of magnetic *** alloy components is considered an effective way to solve the aforementioned ***,a hollow medium-entropy FeCoNiAl alloy with a stable magnetic property is prepared via simple spray-drying and two-step annealing for efficient *** exhibited an ultrabroad effective absorption band(EAB)of 5.84 GHz(12.16–18 GHz)at a thickness of just 1.6 mm,revealing an excellent absorption ***,the MA mechanism of FeCoNiAl is comprehensively investigated via off-axis ***,the electromagnetic properties,antioxidant properties,and residual magnetism at high temperatures of FeCoNiAl alloys are summarized in detail,providing new insights into the preparation of MAM operating at elevated temperatures.

关键词： microwave absorption hollow structure magnetic stability multiple microwave absorption mechanism

Integration of perioperative features and intragraft TCF7L2 expression to predict lipid metabolic disorder in liver transplant recipients

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 297-299页

作者： Junbin Zhou Rongli Wei Guanghan Fan Zhengxing Lian Xuanyu Zhang Linsong Tang Zhetuo Qi Haiyang Xie Shusen Zheng Qiang Wei xiao Xu Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery People's Hospital of LishuiAffiliated Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryHangzhou First People's Hospital Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Urology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department of Liver TransplantationShulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Hangzhou Medical College Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Dear Editor, Liver transplantation(LT) is the only curative therapy for patients with endstage liver disease(He et al., 2023; Ling et al., 2022). Post-transplant hypertriglyceridemia(PTHT), which has an incidence of up to 32.8% in 6 months after LT, is one of the major post-transplant complications(Toshima et al., 2020).

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