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Intake of tobacco nitrosamines of smokers in various provinces of China and their cancer risk:A meta-analysis

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 249-260页

作者： xiao Li Zhiwei Ye Jun Wang Pengfei lin xiaojin Zhang Shuguang xie Chao Chen Research Institute for Environmental Innovation(Suzhou) TsinghuaSuzhouJiangsu 215163China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Nitrosamines are a class of carcinogens which have been detected widely in food,water,some pharmaceuticals as well as *** objectives of this paper include reviewing the basic information on tobacco consumption and nitrosamine contents,and assessing the health risks of tobacco nitrosamines exposure to Chinese *** searched the publications in English from“Web of Science”and those in Chinese from the“China National Knowledge Infrastructure”in 2022 and collected 151 literatures with valid *** content of main nitrosamines in tobacco,including 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone(NNK),N-nitrosonornicotine(NNN),N-nitrosoanatabine(NAT),N-nitrosoanabasine(NAB),total tobacco-specific nitrosamines(TSNA),and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)were *** information of daily tobacco consumption of smokers in 30 provinces of China was also ***,the intakes of NNN,NNK,NAT,NAB,TSNAs,and NDMA via tobacco smoke were estimated as 1534ng/day,591 ng/day,685 ng/day,81 ng/day,2543 ng/day,and 484 ng/day by adult smokers in30 provinces,*** cancer risk(CR)values for NNN and NNK inhalation intake were further calculated as 1.44×10^(-5)and 1.95×10^(-4).The CR value for NDMA intake via tobacco smoke(inhalation:1.66×10^(-4))indicates that NDMA is similarly dangerous in tobacco smoke when compared with the *** China,the CR values caused by average nitrosamines intake via various exposures and their order can be estimated as the following:smoke(3.75×10^(-4))>food(1.74×10^(-4))>drinking water(1.38×10^(-5)).Smokers in China averagely suffer 200%of extra cancer risk caused by nitrosamines in tobacco when compared with non-smokers.

关键词： N-nitrosamine Tobacco Cancer risk Tobacco specific nitrosamines(TSNAs) N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BENZOCYCLOBUTEN-4-YL ACRYLATE MONOMER AND ITS RADICAL POLYMERIZATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2010年第6期28卷 877-885页

作者： Li-qin xie Jun-xiao Yang Fang-hua Zhu Hai-jun Yang Cai-lin Liu lin zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 China Research Center of Laser Fusion China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China

A benzocyclobuten-4-yl acrylate（1） monomer was prepared by esterification of 4-hydroxybenzocyclobutene with acryloyl *** radical homopolymerization of 1 and copolymerization of 1 with styrene or n-butyl acrylate were carried out to produce linear polymers 2a,2b and *** of these linear polymers under thermal initiation gave corresponding cross-linked polymers 3a,3b and *** ring-opening reaction in the cross-linking process was confirmed by on-line infrared *** scanning calorimetry showed that the glass transition temperatures of linear polymers 2a and 2b were 83.2℃and 68.1℃,*** analysis of the cross-linked polymers showed that they all exhibited good thermal stability.

关键词： Benzocyclobuten-4-yl acrylate Polymerization Cross-linking Thermal stability

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Observation of topological charge transformations in acoustic vortex using passive periodic systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 140-147页

作者： Di-Chao Chen xie Liu Changqing Xu Da-Jian Wu Ying Cheng xiao-Jun Liu School of Physics and Technology Nanjing Normal University Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics School of Physics Nanjing University

Vortex transmutation utilizes a periodic system, which not only enables the alteration of the topological charge(TC) of unstable input vortices but also facilitates their transformation into stable structures. This approach is crucial for investigating the characteristics of vortices in various wave systems. Here, we achieve acoustic vortex TC transmutation by employing a welldesigned dual-structured plate external system(DPES). The interactions between the acoustic vortex and the finite-order discrete rotational symmetry lead to the transformation of its topological charge when complete rotational symmetry is broken to Nthorder discrete symmetry. Our results experimentally demonstrate the acoustic vortex TC transmutation based on passive artificial structures, enabling numerous applications in particle manipulation and information multiplexing as well as advancing our understanding and control over free-space acoustic vortices.

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Microstructure and properties of W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe heavy alloy with Dy2O3 addition

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Rare Metals 2019年第8期38卷 746-753页

作者： Yuan-Feng xie Liang-Liang Zhou xiao-Yong Zhang xiao-Xian Li Zeng-lin Zhou Xue-Hui Zhang Institute of Engineering and Technology General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000China

The W-4.9 Ni-2.1 Fe-xDy2 O3 heavy alloy was fabricated by high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering(SPS)technique,and the microstructure,mechanical and friction behavior and anti-corrosion ability were investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM),Rockwell hardness tester,X-ray diffraction(XRD),reciprocating friction and wear tester,electrochemical station,*** results show that the trace Dy2 O3 particles,which mainly distributes in the W-M(tungsten-matrix)interface and the tungsten matrix phase,can dramatically decrease the tungsten grain size and the amount of O and P impurities aggregating in the interface,promote the γ-(Ni,Fe)bonding phase and tungsten particles uniform distribution,and increase the relative density,hardness,and wear and corrosion resistance *** the excessive Dy2 O3 addition can make the inhibition effect weaken,resulting in the decrease in the comprehensive performances of the ***,the amount of Dy2 O3 should be *** the adding amount of Dy2 O3 particles is 0.7 wt%,the comprehensive performances of the heavy alloy are the best.

关键词： Dysprosium oxide W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe alloy Spark plasma sintering Mechanical property Anticorrosion ability

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A multistandard and resource-efficient Viterbi decoder for a multimode communication system

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第4期19卷 536-543页

作者： Yi-qi xie Zhi-guo YU Yang FENG lin-na ZHAO xiao-feng GU MOE Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications Wuxi 214122China Department of Electronic Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

We present a novel standard convolutional symbols generator(SCSG)block for a multi-parameter reconfigurable Viterbi decoder to optimize resource consumption and adaption of multiple *** SCSG block generates all the states and calculates all the possible standard convolutional symbols corresponding to the states using an iterative *** architecture of the Viterbi decoder based on the SCSG reduces resource consumption for recalculating the branch metrics and rearranging the correspondence between branch metrics and transition *** proposed architecture supports constraint lengths from 3 to 9,code rates of 1/2,1/3,and 1/4,and fully optional *** proposed Viterbi decoder has been implemented on the Xilinx XC7VX485T device with a high throughput of about 200 Mbps and a low resource consumption of 162k logic gates.

关键词： Reconfigurable Viterbi decoder Multi-parameter Low resource consumption Standard convolutional symbols generator(SCSG) Fully optional polynomials

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Comparison of phacotrabeculectomy and sequential surgery in the treatment of chronic angle-closure glaucoma coexisted with cataract

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第5期9卷 687-692页

作者： Hai-Jun Li Jie Xuan xiao-Min Zhu lin xie Department of Ophthalmology Daping Hospitalthe Third Mlitary Medical University

AIM： To compare the safety and effectiveness of phacotrabeculectomy versus sequential surgery in chronic angle-closure glaucoma（CACG） with coexisting cataract.·METHODS： One hundred and sixty-two CACG patients（162 eyes） were retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 87patients（87 eyes） in group A had underwent phacotrabeculectomy with intraocular lens（IOL）implantation, and 75 patients（75 eyes） in group B had underwent sequential surgery with IOL implanted. Best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, intraocular pressure（IOP）, complications and anterior chamber angle（ACA）were measured.· RESULTS： Demographic characteristics of the two groups were similar. A mean follow-up period was 15±6mo（range 13 to 24mo）, a mean IOP of 12.14 ±5.32 mm Hg in group A and 11.38 ±4.06 mm Hg in group B（P =0.84） at the last follow up. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the cumulative probability of success in both groups was similar（P =0.61）. Anterior uveitis and hypotony were the most common complications in group A, whereas group B experienced shallow anterior chamber with trabeculectomy. With the exception of anterior uveitis, no complications occurred to 11 trabeculectomized eyes. All postoperative measurements of anterior chamber showed statistically significant differences in each group according to the preoperative data（P〈 0.05）. However,fewer changes occurred in group B than in group A.· CONCLUSION： Phacotrabeculectomy and sequential surgery exhibit similar IOP reduction, visual recovery,and complications when treating CACG patients with cataract. However, for a wider ACA, phacotrabeculectomy has demonstrated higher effectiveness than sequential surgery.

关键词： chronic angle-closure glaucoma phacotrabeculectomy sequential surgery anterior chamber angle

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Human hepatocytes loaded in 3D bioprinting generate mini-liver

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第5期15卷 512-518页

作者： Cheng Zhong Hai-Yang xie lin Zhou xiao Xu Shu-Sen Zheng Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation Ministry of Public HealthFirst Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND: Because of an increasing discrepancy be-tween the number of potential liver graft recipients and the number of organs available, scientists are trying to create artiifcial liver to mimic normal liver function and therefore, to support the patient’s liver when in dysfunction. 3D printing technique meets this purpose. The present study was to test the feasibility of 3D hydrogel scaffolds for liver engineering. METHODS: We fabricated 3D hydrogel scaffolds with a bioprinter. The biocompatibility of 3D hydrogel scaffolds was tested. Sixty nude mice were randomly divided into four groups, with 15 mice in each group: control, hydrogel, hydro-gel with L02 (cell line HL-7702), and hydrogel with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Cells were cultured and deposited in scaffolds which were subsequently engrafted into livers after partial hepatectomy and radiation-induced liver damage (RILD). The engrafted tissues were examined after two weeks. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino-transferase (AST), albumin, total bilirubin, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, glutathione S-transferase (a-GST), and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT-2) were compared among the groups. He-matoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry of cKit and cytokeratin 18 (CK18) of engrafted tissues were evalu-ated. The survival time of the mice was also compared among the four groups. RESULTS: 3D hydrogel scaffolds did not impact the viability of cells. The levels of ALT, AST, albumin, total bilirubin, CY-P1A2, CYP2C9, a-GST and UGT-2 were signiifcantly improved in mice engrafted with 3D scaffold loaded with L02 compared with those in control and scaffold only (P CONCLUSION: 3D scaffold has the potential of recreating live

关键词： 3D printing hepatocyte liver tissue engineering

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Performance of DDA time integration

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2015年第9期58卷 1558-1566页

作者： lin ShaoZhong xie ZhiQiang Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Research Center on Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of MWR DDA Center of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

Discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA) is a numerical method for analyzing the deformation of block system. It employs unified dynamic formulation for both static and dynamic analysis, in which the so-called kinetic damping is adopted for absorbing dynamic energy. The DDA dynamic equations are integrated directly by the constant acceleration algorithm of Newmark family integrators. In order to have an insight into the DDA time integration scheme, the performance of Newmark time integration scheme for dynamic equations with kinetic damping is systematically investigated, formulae of stability, bifurcation, spectral radius, critical kinetic damping and algorithmic damping are presented. Combining with numerical examples, recognition and suggestions of Newmark integration scheme application in the DDA static and dynamic analysis are proposed.

关键词： DDA time integration scheme performance analysis critical kinetic damping

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Flow Behavior and Constitutive Modeling of Delta-processed Inconel 718 alloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2015年第9期22卷 837-845页

作者： Jia-yong SI xiao-hang LIAO Li-qiang xie Kai-rui lin College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and Technology State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South University

The flow behavior of delta-processed Inconel 718 was studied in temperature range of 900-1 060℃ and strain rate range of *** effects of friction and temperature on the compressive deformation behavior were investigated,and the flow stress-strain error caused by friction was *** results showed that the effect of the friction was obvious with increasing strain rate and decreasing deformation *** revised flow stress is decreased by increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate and exhibits a typical dynamic recrystallization *** constitutive model has been developed through a hyperbolic-sine Arrhenius type equation to relate the flow stress,strain rate and *** influence of strain has also been incorporated by considering the variation of material constants as a function of *** prediction accuracy of developed constitutive model has been assessed using standard statistical *** to the analysis results,the proposed deformation constitutive equation gives an accurate and precise estimate of flow stress of delta-processed Inconel 718 alloy.

关键词： Inconel 718 delta process flow behavior constitutive modeling

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The peeling property of Bondi-Sachs metrics for nonzero cosmological constants

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Science China Mathematics 2020年第4期63卷 617-626页

作者： Fangquan xie xiao Zhang Institute of Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

In this paper,we show that the peeling property still holds for Bondi-Sachs metrics with nonzero cosmological constants under the boundary condition given by Sommerfeld's radiation condition together with three nontrivialΛ-independent functions B,a and *** should indicate that the new boundary condition is ***,we construct some nonstationary vacuum Bondi-Sachs metrics without Bondi news,whose Newman-Penrose quantities fall faster than *** provides a new feature of gravitational waves for nonzero cosmological constants.

关键词： Bondi-Sachs metric peeling property cosmological constant

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