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Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and fracture behavior of Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites prepared by a compound casting

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1944-1964页

作者： Guangyu Li Wenming Jiang Feng Guan Junwen zhu Yang Yu Zitian fan State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

In this paper, the effect of the Si content on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites prepared by compound casting was investigated systematically. The obtained results showed that all the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites had a metallurgical reaction layer（MRL）, whose thickness increased with increasing Si content for the hypoeutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites, while the hypereutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites were opposite. The MRL included eutectic layer（E layer）,intermetallic compound layer（IMC layer） and transition region layer（T layer）. In the IMC layer, the hypereutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites contained some Si solid solution and flocculent Mg2Si+Al-Mg IMCs phases not presented in the hypoeutectic Al-Si/AZ91D composites.Besides, increasing Si content, the thickness proportion of the T layer increased, forming an inconsistent preferred orientation of the MRL.The shear strengths of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites enhanced with increasing Si content, and the Al-15Si/AZ91D composite obtained a maximum shear strength of 58.6 MPa, which was 73.4% higher than the Al-6Si/AZ91D composite. The fractures of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites transformed from the T layer into the E layer with the increase of the Si content. The improvement of the shear strength of the Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites was attributed to the synergistic action of the Mg2Si particle reinforcement, the reduction of oxidizing inclusions and the ratio of Al-Mg IMCs as well as the orientation change of the MRL.

关键词： Al/Mg bimetallic composites Si content Mg 2 Si reinforcement Microstructure Mechanical properties Fracture behavior

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Risk Factors of Enternal Nutrition Intolerance in Septic Patients:A Case-control Study

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 328-332页

作者： Li-zhu WANG Yan XIANG Qian LI Yi-rong zhu Jue fanG xiao-dan LUI Zhao-cai ZHANG Department of Nursing The Second Afiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Department of Critical Care Medicine The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment for Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310009China Zhejiang Province Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Hangzhou 310009China

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the incidence of enteral nutrition intolerance(ENI)in patients with sepsis and explore potential risk factors.Methods:A case-control study was conducted in patients with sepsis who were receiving enteral nutrition(EN)at a tertiary hospital in China.The included patients were divided into the ENI group and the non-ENI group.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for ENI.Results:A total of 859 patients were included in the study.Among them,288(33.53%)patients experienced symptoms of ENI,including diarrhea,vomiting,bloating,and gastric retention.Logistic regression analysis revealed that the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation H(APACHE H)score,thoracocentesis,and usage of cardiotonic drugs(namely,inotropes)were independent predictors of the ENI.Conclusion:The incidence of ENI is relatively high in patients with sepsis,especially in those who have higher APACHE H scores,have undergone thoracocentesis,and have received inotropes.

关键词： sepsis enteral nutrition intolerance influencing factor

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Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease:Updated examination of mechanisms,pathophysiology,treatment,and association with gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2209-2219页

作者： Na Cui Ting Dai Yang Liu Ya-Yu Wang Jia-Yu Lin Qing-fan Zheng Dong-Dong zhu Xue-Wei zhu Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(LPRD)is an inflammatory condition in the laryngopharynx and upper aerodigestive tract mucosa caused by reflux of stomach contents beyond the esophagus.LPRD commonly presents with symptoms such as hoarseness,cough,sore throat,a feeling of throat obstruction,excessive throat mucus.This complex condition is thought to involve both reflux and reflex mechanisms,but a clear understanding of its molecular mechanisms is still lacking.Currently,there is no standardized diagnosis or treatment protocol.Therapeutic strategies for LPRD mainly include lifestyle modifications,proton pump inhibitors and endoscopic surgery.This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature regarding the mechanisms,pathophysiology and treatment of LPRD.We also provide an in-depth exploration of the association between LPRD and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

关键词： Laryngopharyngeal reflux Gastroesophageal reflux Head neck surgery Laryngitis Otolaryngology

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Unconventional Fluorescent and Multi-responsive Polyethyleneimine with LCST and UCST Behavior:Synthesis,Characterization and Biological Applications

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 826-837页

作者： Feng-Ming Yin Li-Li Wu Shu-Sheng Li xiao-Na Pan xiao-Li zhu Xu-Bao Jiang Xiang Zheng Kong College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of JinanJinan250022China Shandong Institute for Product Quality Inspection Jinan250102China College of Chemical Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

Non-aromatic fluorescent and multi-responsive materials,exhibiting inherent fluorescence emission and controlled phase change,have garnered significant attention in recent years.However,the underlying interaction between their fluorescent properties and phase transition remains unclear.In this study,we synthesized a series of catalyst-free aza-Michael addition-based polyethyleneimine(RFPEI)materials by reacting polyethyleneimine(PEI)with N-isopropyl acrylamide(NIPAM).The resulting RFPEI was comprehensively characterized,and demonstrated dual-phase transition behavior(LCST and UCST)in water,which could be finely tuned by adjusting its composition or external factors such as pH.Notably,upon UV irradiation(365 nm),RFPEI exhibited strong fluorescence emission.We further investigated the effects of NIPAM grafting percentage to PEI,polymer concentration,and pH on the LCST/UCST and fluorescent properties of RFPEI aqueous solutions.Moreover,we showcased the great potential of RFPEI as a versatile tool for physiological cell imaging,trace detection,and controlled release of doxorubicin.Our study presents a novel class of stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials with promising applications in the field of biomedicine.

关键词： Polyethyleneimine Multi-responsiveness Intrinsic fluorescence emission Cell imaging Controlled drug release

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Single Particle Colorimetric Acid Phosphatase Activity Assay with CeO_(2)-modified Gold Nanoparticles

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第2期40卷 320-325页

作者： zhu Tang Jiayao YUAN Xiang MAO Guojiang WEI Lin xiao Lehui Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petrochemical Materials and Fine Utilization of ResourcesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081P.R.China Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine ChemicalsKey Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and ReactionsMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang453007P.R.China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083P.R.China

Acid phosphatase(ACP)is a ubiquitous phosphatase in living organisms.The abnormal variation of ACP is related to various diseases.Herein,we propose a colorimetric method based on CeO_(2)-modified gold core shell nanoparticles(Au@CeO_(2)NPs)to analyze ACP activity with high sensitivity and specificity.In this design,2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt(AAP)is dephosphorylated by ACP and produces reductive ascorbic acid(AA),which makes the CeO_(2)shell decomposition.A remarkable blue shift of localized surface plasmon resonance peak(LSPR,from yellow to green)along with the scattering intensity ratio changes from individual Au@CeO_(2)NPs are observed.ACP activity can be quantified by calculating the ratio changes of individual Au@CeO_(2)NPs.This assay reveals limit of detection(LOD)of 0.044 mU/mL and the linear range of 0.05–5.0 mU/mL,which are much lower than most of spectroscopic measurements in bulk solution.Furthermore,the recovery measurements in real samples are satisfactory and the capacity for practical application is demonstrated.As a consequence,Au@CeO_(2)NPs used in this assay will find new applications for the ultrasensitive detection of enzyme activity.

关键词： Single particle imaging Dark field Gold nanoparticle Enzyme activity Colorimetric detection

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Aberrant epithelial cell interaction promotes esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma development and progression

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 279-294页

作者： Liping Chen Shihao zhu Tianyuan Liu Xuan Zhao Tao Xiang xiao Hu Chen Wu Dongxin Lin Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China CAMS Oxford Institute Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100006China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhou 510060China

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and proliferation play important roles in epithelial cancer formation and progression,but what molecules and how they trigger EMT is largely unknown.Here we performed spatial transcriptomic and functional analyses on samples of multistage esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma(ESCC)from mice and humans to decipher these critical issues.By investigating spatiotemporal gene expression patterns and cell–cell interactions,we demonstrated that the aberrant epithelial cell interaction via EFNB1-EPHB4 triggers EMT and cell cycle mediated by downstream SRC/ERK/AKT signaling.The aberrant epithelial cell interaction occurs within the basal layer at early precancerous lesions,which expands to the whole epithelial layer and strengthens along the cancer development and progression.Functional analysis revealed that the aberrant EFNB1-EPHB4 interaction is caused by overexpressedΔNP63 due to TP53 mutation,the culprit in human ESCC tumorigenesis.Our results shed new light on the role of TP53-TP63/ΔNP63-EFNB1-EPHB4 axis in EMT and cell proliferation in epithelial cancer formation.

关键词： esophageal TP53 squamous

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Ghrelin inhibits autophagy mediated by AKT/mTOR pathway to ameliorate retinal angiogenesis induced by high glucose stress

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 785-793页

作者： Jiang-Li fan Rong Li Min Zhang Chao Chen Guo-Min Yao Ling-xiao Zhou Department of Ophthalmology Gongshu District People’s Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHangzhou 310004Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical UniversityXi’an 710077Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical UniversityXi’an 710077Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical UniversityXi’an 710077Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM:To observe the effect of ghrelin,a growth hormonereleasing peptide,on retinal angiogenesis in vitro under high glucose(HG)stress and to explore the possible mechanism of autophagy.METHODS:Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMECs)were treated with high concentration of glucose alone or in combination with ghrelin.The cell migration,tube formation and the expression of the autophagy-related proteins LC3-II/I,Beclin-1,p62,phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT)/AKT and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin(p-mTOR)/mTOR were detected.Then,to clarify the correlation between ghrelin effect and autophagy,AKT inhibitor VIII was adopted to treat HRMECs,and cell migration,tube formation as well as the protein expressions of LC3-II/I,Beclin-1 and p62 were observed.RESULTS:Under HG stress,ghrelin inhibited migration and tube formation of HRMECs.Ghrelin inhibited the increases in the protein levels of LC3-II/I,Beclin-1 and the decreases in the protein levels of p62,p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR induced by HG stress.Moreover,under the action of AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors,the effects of ghrelin on migration and tube formation were both reduced.In addition,the expression of LC3-II/I and Beclin-1 were significantly up-regulated and the expression of p62 was down-regulated.CONCLUSION:Retinal angiogenesis under in vitro HG stress can be inhibited by ghrelin through activating AKT/mTOR pathway to inhibit autophagy.

关键词： ghrelin retinal endothelial cell angiogenesis autophagy stress

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Toughening ultrastrong low-density steel by textured δ-ferrite lamellas

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 405-411页

作者： Bin Hu Guosen zhu Guohui Shen Zheng Wang Qinghua Wen xiao Shen Haiwen Luo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingXue Yuan Rd.30Beijing 100083China Shougang Research Institute of Technology Yangzhuang Street 69Beijing 100043China Steel Institute RWTH Aachen UniversityIntzestraße 152072AachenGermany

By both the Charpy V-notched impact and the projectile tests, we here investigated the dynamic fracture behavior of a recently developed ultrastrong lightweight steel comprising a hierarchical martensitic matrix, dispersed ultra-fine-retained austenite grains and oriented δ-ferrite lamellas, the latter being due to high Al and Si contents employed for low-density design. This steel shows a superior combination of specific ultimate tensile strength and impact toughness to other ultrastrong steels and has successfully arrested a real steel-cored bullet shot. These are attributed to the densely textured δ-ferrite lamellas that can deflect the propagating cracks until they are trapped and enclosed besides austenite-to-martensite transformation crack closure, leading to more energy consumed before failure. These results suggest a new pathway for toughening ultrastrong lightweight steels.

关键词： Ultrastrong and light steel d-Ferrite lamellas Crack propagation Toughness

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Digital CEOs in Digital Enterprises:Automating,Augmenting,and Parallel in Metaverse/CPSS/TAOs

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 820-823页

作者： Juanjuan Li Rui Qin Sangtian Guan xiao Xue Peng zhu Fei-Yue Wang with State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China the College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Economics and Management Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China the State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

BIG models or foundation models are rapidly emerging as a key force in advancing intelligent societies[1]–[3]Their significance stems not only from their exceptional ability to process complex data and simulate advan... 详细信息

关键词： exceptional Auto advancing

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Insufficient TRPM5 Mediates Lipotoxicity-induced Pancreaticβ-cell Dysfunction

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 346-354页

作者： Kai-yuan WANG Shi-mei WU Zheng-jian YAO Yun-xia zhu xiao HAN Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Objective:While the reduction of transient receptor potential channel subfamily M member 5(TRPM5)has been reported in islet cells from type 2 diabetic(T2D)mouse models,its role in lipotoxicity-induced pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction remains unclear.This study aims to study its role.Methods:Pancreas slices were prepared from mice subjected to a high-fat-diet(HFD)at different time points,and TRPM5 expression in the pancreaticβcells was examined using immunofluorescence staining.Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion(GSIS)defects caused by lipotoxicity were mimicked by saturated fatty acid palmitate(Palm).Primary mouse islets and mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells were treated with Palm,and the TRPM5 expression was detected using qRT-PCR and Western blotting.Palm-induced GSIS defects were measured following siRNA-based Trpm5 knockdown.The detrimental effects of Palm on primary mouse islets were also assessed after overexpressing Trpm5 via an adenovirus-derived Trpm5(Ad-Trpm5).Results:HFD feeding decreased the mRNA levels and protein expression of TRPM5 in mouse pancreatic islets.Palm reduced TRPM5 protein expression in a time-and dose-dependent manner in MIN6 cells.Palm also inhibited TRPM5 expression in primary mouse islets.Knockdown of Trpm5 inhibited insulin secretion upon high glucose stimulation but had little effect on insulin biosynthesis.Overexpression of Trpm5 reversed Palm-induced GSIS defects and the production of functional maturation molecules unique toβcells.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that lipotoxicity inhibits TRPM5 expression in pancreaticβcells both in vivo and in vitro and,in turn,drivesβ-cell dysfunction.

关键词： type 2 diabetes β-cell dysfunction lipotoxicity TRPM5

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