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Possible mechanisms of lycopene amelioration of learning and memory impairment in rats with vascular dementia

Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 332-341页

作者： Ning-Wei Zhu xiao-Lan Yin Ren Lin xiao-Lan Fan Shi-Jie Chen Yuan-Ming Zhu xiao-zhen zhao Department of Human Anatomy Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Zhejiang Pharmaceutical CollegeNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. Studies have shown that lycopene can significantly inhibit oxidative stress;therefore, we hypothesized that lycopene can reduce the level of oxidative stress in vascular dementia. A vascular dementia model was established by permanent bilateral ligation of common carotid arteries. The dosage groups were treated with lycopene(50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) every other day for 2 months. Rats without bilateral carotid artery ligation were prepared as a sham group. To test the ability of learning and memory, the Morris water maze was used to detect the average escape latency and the change of search strategy. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe changes of hippocampal neurons. The levels of oxidative stress factors, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde, were measured in the hippocampus by biochemical detection. The levels of reactive oxygen species in the hippocampus were observed by dihydroethidium staining. The distribution and expression of oxidative stress related protein, neuron-restrictive silencer factor, in hippocampal neurons were detected by immunofluorescence histochemistry and western blot assays. After 2 months of drug administration,(1) in the model group, the average escape latency was longer than that of the sham group, and the proportion of straight and tend tactics was lower than that of the sham group, and the hippocampal neurons were irregularly arranged and the cytoplasm was hyperchromatic.(2) The levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde in the hippocampus of the model group rats were increased, and the activity of superoxide dismutase was decreased.(3) Lycopene(50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) intervention improved the above changes, and the lycopene 100 mg/kg group showed the most significant improvement effect.(4) Neuron-restrictive silencer factor expression in the hippocampus was lower in the sham group and the lycopene 100 mg/kg group than in the model group.(5) Th

关键词： bilateral carotid artery ligation lycopene hippocampus learning and memory malondialdehyde neuron neuron-restrictive silencer factor reactive oxygen species superoxide dismutase

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A promising approach for quantifying focal stroke modeling and assessing stroke progression:optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy photothrombosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2029-2037页

作者： xiao Liang Xingping Quan xiaorui Geng Yujing Huang Yonghua zhao Lei Xi zhen Yuan Ping Wang Bin Liu Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences University of MacaoMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Emergency Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

To investigate the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of ischemic stroke,some methods have been proposed that can simultaneously monitor and create embolisms in the animal cerebral ***,these methods often require complex systems and the effect of age on cerebral embolism has not been adequately studied,although ischemic stroke is strongly *** this study,we propose an optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy-based visualized photothrombosis methodology to create and monitor ischemic stroke in mice simultaneously using a 532 nm pulsed *** observed the molding process in mice of different ages and presented age-dependent vascular embolism ***,we integrated optical coherence tomography angiography to investigate age-associated trends in cerebrovascular variability following a *** imaging data and quantitative analyses underscore the differential cerebrovascular responses to stroke in mice of different ages,thereby highlighting the technique's potential for evaluating cerebrovascular health and unraveling age-related mechanisms involved in ischemic strokes.

关键词： age-dependent cerebral cortex ischemic stroke mouse model optical coherence tomography angiography photoacoustic microscopy photothrombosis vascular imaging

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COMPrompter: reconceptualized segment anything model with multiprompt network for camouflaged object detection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 189-203页

作者： xiaoqin ZHANG zhenni YU Li zhao Deng-Ping FAN Guobao xiao Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Informatics for Safety and Emergency Wenzhou University Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENzhen FUTIAN) College of Computer Science Nankai University School of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University

We rethink the segment anything model(SAM) and propose a novel multiprompt network called COMPrompter for camouflaged object detection(COD). SAM has zero-shot generalization ability beyond other models and can provide an ideal framework for COD. Our network aims to enhance the single prompt strategy in SAM to a multiprompt strategy. To achieve this, we propose an edge gradient extraction module, which generates a mask containing gradient information regarding the boundaries of camouflaged objects. This gradient mask is then used as a novel boundary prompt, enhancing the segmentation process. Thereafter, we design a box-boundary mutual guidance module, which fosters more precise and comprehensive feature extraction via mutual guidance between a boundary prompt and a box prompt. This collaboration enhances the model's ability to accurately detect camouflaged objects. Moreover, we employ the discrete wavelet transform to extract high-frequency features from image embeddings. The high-frequency features serve as a supplementary component to the multiprompt ***, our COMPrompter guides the network to achieve enhanced segmentation results, thereby advancing the development of SAM in terms of COD. Experimental results across COD benchmarks demonstrate that COMPrompter achieves a cutting-edge performance, surpassing the current leading model by an average positive metric of 2.2% in COD10K. In the specific application of COD, the experimental results in polyp segmentation show that our model is superior to top-tier methods as well. The code will be made available at https://***/guobaoxiao/COMPrompter.

关键词： segment anything model camouflaged object detection boundary prompt

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Experimental study of dual nano-network, high-temperature resistant aerogel material as an integration of thermal management functions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 157-170页

作者： Yueyue xiao Tianke Mao Zun zhao Yuelei Pan Heping Zhang Xudong Cheng State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China

Thermal management system is highly desirable to guarantee the performance and thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries,but it reduces the energy density of battery modules and even is unable to provide highly effective ***,a thermal management function integrated material is presented based on high-temperature resistant aerogel and phase change material and is applied at both charge–discharge process and thermal runaway *** this sandwich structure Paraffin@SiC nanowire/Aerogel sheet （denoted as PA@SAS） system,SiC nanowires endow the middle aerogel sheet （SAS） a dual nano-network *** enhanced mechanical properties of SAS were studied by compressive tests and dynamic mechanical ***,the thermal conductivity of SAS at 600°C is only 0.042 W/（m K）.The surface phase change material layers facilitate temperature uniformity of batteries （surface temperature difference less than 1.82°C） through latent ***,a large-format battery module with four 58 Ah LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2LIBs was ***@SAS successfully prevents thermal runaway propagation,yielding a temperature gap of 602°C through the 2 mm-thick cross ***@SAS also exhibits excellent performance in other safety issues such as temperature rise rate,flame heat flux,*** lightweight property and effective insulation performance achieves significant safety enhancement with mass and volume energy density reduction of only 0.79%and 5.4%,*** originality of the present research stems from the micro and macro structure design of the proposed thermal management material and the combination of intrinsic advantages of every *** work provides a reliable design of achieving the integration of thermal management functions into an aerogel composite and improves the thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Thermal insulation

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Exit options sustain altruistic punishment and decrease the second-order free-riders, but it is not a panacea

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 278-291页

作者： Chen SHEN zhao SONG Lei SHI Jun TANIMOTO zhen WANG Faculty of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University School of Statistics and Mathematics Yunnan University of Finance and Economics School of Computing Engineering and Digital Technologies Teesside University School of Artificial Intelligence OPtics and Electro Nics (iOPEN) Northwestern Polytechnical University

Why do humans punish free riders at their own expense? This behavior represents an evolutionary puzzle in human societies. This study explores the role of exit strategies in fostering altruistic punishment within evolutionary game theory. We extend the traditional prisoner's dilemma model by incorporating exiters, players who opt out for a small payoff while nullifying their opponent's payoff, and altruistic punishers who cooperate and punish non-cooperators. Our findings indicate that in well-mixed populations, exiters destabilize defection but do not promote altruistic punishment. In social networks, however,exiters enable altruistic punishment via cyclic dominance among altruistic punishers, defectors, and exiters. Notably, this cyclic dominance is sensitive to exit payoffs; adjustments can lead to cyclic dominance of non-punishing cooperators, defectors, and exiters, or to a bi-stable state between these two types of cyclic dominance. These results highlight the nuanced impact of exiters on altruistic punishment, emphasizing the need for careful incentivization of exit behavior. While exiters can support altruistic punishment in networked populations, their effectiveness is not a panacea and is highly sensitive to exit payoffs, indicating limits to the voluntary participation mechanism.

关键词： evolutionary game theory altruistic punishment coexistence cyclic dominance bi-stable

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Rise of β-furanosyl ribonucleosides as the extant RNA component facilitated by simple divalent transition-metal minerals

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Qianqian Chen Haoxing Xu Bingyue zhao Yeersen Patehebieke Zerun zhao xiao Wang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing University

The selective nucleoside synthesis through direct condensation between nucleobase and unactivated sugar in aqueous media has long been a formidable obstacle for the early chemical transformations hypothesized to construct the RNAWorld, due to product complexity and the low selectivity of the desired isomer. The preference of β-furanoside, the extant RNA component, has never been documented. Here we report an aqueous ribosylation mediated by divalent transition-metal ions, which unprecedentedly enhances the selectivity of furanosyl ribonucleosides as opposed to the traditionally predominating pyranosyl ones, with the furanoside/pyranoside ratio reaching up to 9/1. Furthermore, β-furanoside stands out for the first time as the most prevalent isomer in the presence of zinc and ammonium salts. The mechanism of this selectivity is elucidated with density functional theory calculations. The selectivity for β-furanoside can be further elevated via the adsorption on a zinc mineral. These findings exhibit as the first example that the selection of nucleosides with the desired, canonical configuration might be completed in the early stage of the RNA-forming process as opposed to later evolution, promoted by simple and widespread transition-metal minerals. The study may also find its value in synthetic chemistry as a guideline for developing a sustainable and selective glycosylation process.

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污水氮浓度对粉绿狐尾藻去氮能力的影响

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环境科学 2017年第3期38卷 1093-1101页

作者：马永飞杨小珍赵小虎胡承孝谭启玲孙学成吴金水华中农业大学资源与环境学院武汉430070 新型肥料湖北省工程实验室武汉430070 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所长沙410000

粉绿狐尾藻是构建人工湿地的重要植物,对污水具有较强的净化作用,但有关其去氮能力及其与污水氮浓度的关系尚不清楚.本试验采用人工模拟盆栽试验,设2、5、10、20、100、200、400 mg·L^(-1)共7个氮水平,研究污水氮浓度对粉绿狐尾藻去氮... 详细信息

粉绿狐尾藻是构建人工湿地的重要植物,对污水具有较强的净化作用,但有关其去氮能力及其与污水氮浓度的关系尚不清楚.本试验采用人工模拟盆栽试验,设2、5、10、20、100、200、400 mg·L^(-1)共7个氮水平,研究污水氮浓度对粉绿狐尾藻去氮能力的影响.结果表明,氮浓度不高于20 mg·L^(-1)时,前3周粉绿狐尾藻以20 mg·L^(-1)生长最好,处理1周水体总氮和氨氮的去除率接近100%,而硝态氮浓度低、变化不大;粉绿狐尾藻氮含量因氮浓度变化不大但部位间有"上高下低"趋势,且粉绿狐尾藻还利用了底泥氮.氮浓度100~400 mg·L^(-1)时,4~5周以氮浓度200 mg·L^(-1)粉绿狐尾藻生长最好;处理5周总氮去除率依次为76.5%、71.5%和48.1%,氨氮去除率依次为99.6%、99.3%和60.2%;各处理硝态氮去除率约为50%且处理间差异不大;粉绿狐尾藻氮含量随氮浓度而升高,但部位间差异小、呈均匀分布;粉绿狐尾藻积累氮、底泥固定氮分别占水体去除氮的27.9%~48.4%和12.2%~24.4%.因此,粉绿狐尾藻去氮能力受污水氮浓度的显著影响,去除氨氮率显著高于硝态氮;氮浓度还影响粉绿狐尾藻对氮的吸收积累和分配机制,值得深入研究.

关键词：粉绿狐尾藻污水氨氮硝态氮氮去除率

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Hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease via Nrf2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1776-1788页

作者： Zige Jiang Dexiang Liu Tingting Li Chengcheng Gai Danqing Xin Yijing zhao Yan Song Yahong Cheng Tong Li zhen Wang Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics School of Basic Medicine SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Surgery Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease involves high levels of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid accumulation results in oxidative stress, which leads to neurotoxicity. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which quinolinic acid contributes to Huntington's disease pathology remain unknown. In this study, we established in vitro and in vivo models of Huntington's disease by administering quinolinic acid to the PC12 neuronal cell line and the striatum of mice, respectively. We observed a decrease in the levels of hydrogen sulfide in both PC12 cells and mouse serum, which was accompanied by down-regulation of cystathionine β-synthase, an enzyme responsible for hydrogen sulfide production. However, treatment with NaHS(a hydrogen sulfide donor) increased hydrogen sulfide levels in the neurons and in mouse serum, as well as cystathionine β-synthase expression in the neurons and the mouse striatum, while also improving oxidative imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells and the mouse striatum. These beneficial effects correlated with upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression. Finally, treatment with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2inhibitor ML385 reversed the beneficial impact of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on quinolinic acid-induced oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings show that hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,suggesting that hydrogen sulfide is a novel neuroprotective drug candidate for treating patients with Huntington's disease.

关键词： apoptosis cystathionine-β-synthase nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Huntington's disease hydrogen sulfide mitochondrion neuroplasticity oxidative stress quinolinic acid reactive oxygen species

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Oxygen vacancies enriched Ir/WOx catalysts for the directly chem-catalytic conversion of cellulose to ethanol

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 88-99页

作者： Yu-Jing Weng zhao-Ying Ding Ying-Chao Li Yuan-Feng Wu Yuan-Yang Xu Rui Chen xiao-Lei zhao Hai-Yong Wang Da-Lei Zhang Yu-Long Zhang Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion and International Joint Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Liaoning Institute of Energy Technology

Tungsten and its oxides are highly versatile catalysts with unique properties that hold great promise for a wide array of applications,including biological pathways and chemical *** chemo-catalysis of cellulose to ethanol presents a promising avenue for ethanol synthesis with the potential for enhanced efficiency compared to conventional methods,offering a sustainable and carbon-neutral alternative to existing petrochemical and biological ***,Ir/WOxcatalysts enriched with oxygen vacancies were meticulously prepared and demonstrated remarkable catalytic performance in converting cellulose to ethanol directly in the presence of tungstic *** catalyst achieved a high ethanol yield of 66.5%under optimal reaction conditions,approaching the theoretical yield limit of traditional ethanol *** results revealed the presence of oxygen defects,Bronsted/Lewis acidity,and Ir nanoclusters on the catalyst surface,working synergistically to facilitate the cascade catalysis of cellulose hydrolysis,sugar retro-aldol condensation reaction,and C2 intermediate hydrodeoxygenation to *** situ Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis confirmed the catalyst's ability to enhance the adsorption and activation of ethylene glycol for ethanol *** manipulating subtle structural features,this study offers a fresh perspective on tungsten group catalyst design and underscores the importance of synergistic effects among catalytic sites for the efficient production of ethanol from cellulose.

关键词： Cellulosic ethanol Chem-catalysis Hydrogenolysis Retro-aldol condensation Tungsten

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固相反应后复合电解质BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(2.9)-Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9)的化学稳定性研究

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人工晶体学报 2016年第6期45卷 1549-1554页

作者：肖祯照许聪颖余守江彭开萍福州大学材料科学与工程学院福州350116

采用溶胶-凝胶燃烧法和机械混合法制备摩尔比为1∶1的BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(2.9)(BCY)-Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9)(GDC)复合粉末,并在1550℃烧结保温5 h获得复合电解质片。对BCY-GDC复合电解质的化学稳定性以及电化学性能稳定性进行研究。... 详细信息

采用溶胶-凝胶燃烧法和机械混合法制备摩尔比为1∶1的BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(2.9)(BCY)-Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9)(GDC)复合粉末,并在1550℃烧结保温5 h获得复合电解质片。对BCY-GDC复合电解质的化学稳定性以及电化学性能稳定性进行研究。结果表明:BCY-GDC复合电解质在1550℃烧结时会发生固相反应,形成以BaCe_(1-x-y)Gd_xY_yO_(3-α)相为主的显微组织。固相反应后的BCY-GDC复合电解质在700℃3%CO_2和沸水中的稳定性高于单相BCY;基于固相反应后BCY-GDC复合电解质的单电池在700℃下20 h测试时间内的开路电压以及最大功率密度的稳定性均高于相同条件下BCY电解质的单电池。

关键词：固体氧化物燃料电池 BaCe0.8Y0.2O2.9-Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 复合电解质化学稳定性电化学性能

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