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FEA-Sketch: flow entries assisted sketch for heavy flow detection in software-defined networking

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第03期68卷 80-94页

作者： xiaocan WU He HUANG yang DU Yu-E sun Yifan HAN School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University School of Rail Transportation Soochow University

Software-defined networking decouples the control plane from the data plane to enable centralized flow-level network management, while requiring periodically collecting traffic statistics from the data plane to enforce optimal management. As one of the most important traffic measurement tasks, heavy flow detection has received wide attention for its providing fundamental statistics in various practical applications. Existing studies have proposed sketch-based detection solutions to address the mismatch problem between massive traffic and limited high-speed memory resources for measurement in the data plane. However,they overlook the potential of integrating the flow table, where each entry simultaneously enforces forwarding rules for specific flows and records flow statistics into the sketch design, leading to redundant measurement between the flow table and sketch and being unable to utilize their statistics to jointly enhance estimation accuracy. We propose flow entries assisted sketch(FEA-Sketch) in this work, which employs a differentiated flow recording strategy to record flow statistics jointly using the flow table and sketch for memory-efficient and computationally efficient heavy flow detection. We also propose an optimization-based estimation algorithm to accurately recover per-flow sizes for the flows that only have aggregated statistics due to the sharing of entries in the table(or counters in the sketch). We extend the FEA-Sketch to the distributed measurement setting with a hop-based collaborative measurement strategy, which reduces the measurement workload on switches across the network by avoiding redundant measurements. The experimental results on real Internet traces show that the accuracy of heavy flow detection is improved up to 1.95 times, and the bias of flow size estimation is improved up to 2.99 times, demonstrating that integrating flow entries can significantly improve the performance of heavy flow detection.

关键词： software-defined networking traffic measurement heavy flow flow table sketch

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GUEST EDITORIAL Efficient Cooperative Transmission over Satellite Internet for 6G

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China Communications 2025年第2期22卷 6-8页

作者： Zhu Lidong Michele Luglio sun Zhili Zhang Gengxin yang Mingchuan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China University of Rome “Tor Vergata” the Institute for Communication Systems (ICS) Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Communication Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology

Satellite Internet, as a strategic public information infrastructure, can effectively bridge the limitations of traditional terrestrial network coverage, support global coverage and deep space exploration, and greatly... 详细信息

关键词： Special issues and sections Satellite communications Internet Deep-space communications Public infrastructure 5G mobile communication 6G mobile communication Information services Global communication Human factors Terrestrial communications Communication systems

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The pseudo-type response regulator gene Clsc regulates rind stripe coloration in watermelon

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 147-160页

作者： Dongming Liu Jinfang Liang Quanquan Liu Yaxin Chen Shixiang Duan Dongling sun Huayu Zhu Junling Dou Huanhuan Niu Sen yang Shouru sun Jianbin Hu Luming yang College of Horticulture Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China

The color and pattern of watermelon rind are crucial external traits that directly affect consumer *** with stripes having a stronger color than the background rind are ideal for studying stripe patterns in plants,while there is still limited knowledge about the genetic mechanisms underlying stripe coloration due to the lack of germplasm *** this study,we focused on a watermelon germplasm with colorless stripes,and genetic analysis revealed that the trait is controlled by a single recessive *** gene Clsc(Citrullus lanatus stripe coloration),which is responsible for the colorless stripe,was localized into a 147.6 kb region on Chr9 by linkage analysis in a large F2 mapping *** analysis revealed that the Cla97C09G175170 gene encodes the APRR2 transcription factor,plays a crucial role in determining the watermelon colorless stripe phenotype and was deduced to be related to chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast *** experiments indicated that Cla97C09G175170 may significantly influence chloroplast development and chlorophyll synthesis in *** results of this study provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of stripe coloration in watermelon and can be useful in the development of marker-assisted selection(MAS)for new watermelon cultivars.

关键词： watermelon stripe coloration inheritance gene mapping transcriptome

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WRKY10 and ABF1/2 bind to VQ8 to form an accelerator-brake module for the regulation of dark- and ABA-induced leaf senescence in rice

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Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 145-157页

作者： Chen, Sique yang, Xianfeng Cao, Hongrui Huang, Baolin Zheng, Xiujuan Xie, Wenjia Liang, Kangjing sun, Xinli Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops College of Agriculture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fujian Fuzhou 350002 China Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding in South Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Wenzhou Endemic Crop Biotechnology Innovation Wenzhou Vocational College of Science & Technology/Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang Wenzhou 325006 China

Transcription factors (TFs) play key roles in the regulatory network of leaf senescence. However, many nodes in this network remain unclear. To elucidate the mechanism of leaf senescence mediated by a rice TF, WRKY10, the expression of multiple senescence-related genes and physiological phenotypes were monitored in WRKY10- and VQ MOTIF-CONTAINING PROTEIN8 (VQ8)-overexpressing plants and the wrky10 and vq8 mutants. Our results showed that WRKY10 positively regulates abscisic acid (ABA)- and dark-induced senescence (DIS) by directly regulating the expression of multiple senescence-related genes. The VQ8 protein, a repressor of WRKY10, negatively regulates WRKY10-mediated DIS. The WRKY10-VQ8 module fine-tunes the progression of DIS. ABA, methyl jasmonate, and H2O2 accelerate WRKY10-mediated DIS, whereas ammonium nitrate and dithiothreitol delay WRKY10-mediated DIS. Further analysis revealed that WRKY10 and VQ8 interact with ABA RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING FACTOR1 (ABF1) or ABF2. VQ8 represses the transcriptional activity of ABF1 and ABF2. Overexpression of ABF1 or ABF2 accelerates ABA- and dark-induced senescence and H2O2 accumulation in N. benthamiana leaves, and WRKY10 and VQ8 can inhibit either ABF1- or ABF2-induced cell necrosis. Taken together, WRKY10 integrates multiple senescence signals to establish an orderly progression of leaf senescence. The VQ8 protein acts as a brake on WRKY10-induced senescence and ABF1/2-induced cell death, preventing uncontrolled cell death. © 2025 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS

关键词： ABA Darkness Leaf senescence Oryza sativa WRKY10-VQ8 module

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Wetland and habitat dynamics in the evolving landscape of the Middle yangtze River Basin

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第1期35卷 88-111页

作者： yang Peng sun Kaiya ZHU Yanchao XIA Jun HUANG Heqing SONG Jingxia SHI xiaorui LU Xixi Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Department of Geography National University of Singapore10 Kent RidgeCrescent119260Singapore

Wetlands play a critical role in the global *** Middle yangtze River Basin(MYRB),known for its abundant wetland resources,has experienced notable changes resulting from the complex interplay of environmental ***,we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of wetland ecological quality in the MYRB from 2001 to *** the random forest(RF)regression algorithm and patch-generated land-use simulation(PLUS)model,we forecasted variations in wetland habitat quality and their determinants under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway-Representative Concentration Pathway(SSPRCP)framework from 2035 to *** main findings are as follows:(1)The RF algorithm was optimal for land-use and land-cover(LULC)classification in the MYRB from 2001 to 2020,when notable changes were observed in water bodies and ***,the forested area exhibited an increase and decrease of 3.9%and 1.2%under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios,respectively,whereas farmland exhibited a diminishing trend.(2)Wetlands were primarily concentrated in the central and eastern MYRB,with counties in the southwest exhibiting superior ecological-environmental quality from 2001 to ***,wetland coverage revealed significantly high level,significant changes,frequent but relatively minor changes under the SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP 5-8.5 scenarios,respectively.(3)Regions with lower habitat quality were primarily concentrated in urbanized areas characterized by frequent human activities,indicating a clear degradation in habitat quality across different *** conclusion,we established a foundational framework for future investigations into the eco-hydrological processes and ecosystem quality of watersheds.

关键词： Middle yangtze River Basin wetland environmental change habitat quality multiple scenarios

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Zwitterionic hyaluronic acid derivatives for co-delivery of both chemotherapeutic and nucleic acid drugs in breast cancer treatment

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 607-617页

作者： Ruo-Lin Jiang Hui-Na Liu Yu-Fan yang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Qi Dai xiao-Yan Bao Lin-Jie Wu Ya-Xin Qin Xin Tan xiao-Yan sun Xu-Fang Ying Zhi-Qing Ben Min Han Institute of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and InterventionThe Second Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Jinhua 321299China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Polytechnic institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310015China

Traditionally,hyaluronic acid has been widely used for drug delivery,but the current application bottleneck is that hyaluronic acid is hydrophilic and electronegative,which makes it difficult to carry hydrophobic drugs and small interfering RNA(siRNA)with the same *** on previous studies,we designed and synthesized hyaluronic acid nanocarriers HA-spermine/N,N,N-trimethylcystamine/DOX-TPP(HSTD)for loading siRNA to overcome the problem of siRNA release caused by strong electrostatic ***,N,N,Ntrimethylcystamine in the carrier can be degraded by intracellular glutathione to completely and rapidly release siRNA,thus promoting ***,when codelivered with the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin(DOX),this novel nanocarrier showed promising synergy in inhibiting tumor growth.

关键词： zwitterionic hyaluronic acid N N N-trimethylcystamine small interfering RNA(siRNA) doxorubicin

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Genome-wide association analysis reveals regulatory genes for the metabolite synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in aromatic coconut(Cocos nucifera L.)

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第2期52卷 179-188页

作者： Hao Ding Xiang Lv Guangzhen Zhou xiaomei Liu Xiwei sun Jing Li Amjad Iqbal Yaodong yang Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesWenchangHainan 571339China Hainan Coconut International Joint Research Center WenchangHainan 571339China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikouHainan 570228China Department of Food Science&Technology Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan23200Pakistan

Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.)is a key tropical economic tree valued for its fruit flavor,particularly 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2AP),a vital aroma *** enhance high-aromatic coconut breeding efforts,it is essential to deeply understand the hereditary factors governing the production of *** this study,a genome-wide association analysis identifies 32 loci that exhibit significant associations with 2AP content based on single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)variations from 168 aromatic coconut germplasm *** analysis then pinpoints 22 candidate genes near significant loci involved in 2AP *** encoded by these genes are involved in amino acid metabolism,glycolysis,and secondary *** these,Asparagine synthetase coding gene ASN1,Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase coding gene GSH1,and UbiA prenyltransferase coding gene UBIA are enriched in the linkage region constructed by significant locus Chr04_*** particular,the SNP mutation of CnASN1 leads to amino acid changes in the functional region of the coding protein,potentially resulting in differences in 2AP content among haplotype *** variations in related candidate genes,particularly the gene CnASN1,provides molecular markers closely associated with 2AP synthesis for coconut breeding and offers further insights into the metabolic mechanisms of 2AP.

关键词： Aromatic coconut 2AP SNP Genome-wideassociation study(GWAS) Haplotype analysis

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Gold-catalyzed intermolecular amination of allyl azides with ynamides: Efficient construction of 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0] scaffold

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 384-388页

作者： Chong-yang Shi Jian-Xing Gong Zhen Li Chao Shu Long-Wu Ye Qing sun Bo Zhou Xin-Qi Zhu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yunnan Normal University Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfacesand College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle Nanchang Hangkong University

Gold-catalyzed amination reactions based on azides via α-imino gold carbene intermediates have attracted extensive attention in the past decades because this methodology leads to the facile and efficient construction of synthetically useful N-containing molecules, especially valuable N-heterocycles. However,successful examples of intermolecular generation of α-imino gold carbenes by using azides as amination reagents are rarely explored probably due to the weak nucleophilicity of azides. Herein, we disclose an efficient gold-catalyzed intermolecular aminative cyclopropanation of ynamides with the allyl azides, enabling flexible synthesis of a wide range of valuable 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex–2-ene derivatives in good to excellent yields with excellent diastereoselectivities. Importantly, this protocol represents the first use of allyl azide as an efficient amination reagent in gold-catalyzed alkyne amination reactions.

关键词： Alkynes Amination Azides Gold Heterocycles

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10B-doped MCP detector developed for neutron resonance imaging at Back-n white neutron source

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 58-68页

作者： Qiang Li Li‑Jiao Wang Jing‑Yu Tang Xiang‑Biao Qiu Zhen Chen Mao‑Yuan Zhao Chang‑Jun Ning Kai Pan Wei Xu Tao Li Su‑Peng Lu Han Yi Rui‑Rui Fan Chang‑Qing Feng Rong Zhang xiao‑yang sun Qi An Hao‑Fan Bai Jiang‑Bo Bai Jie Bao Ping Cao Qi‑Ping Chen Yong‑Hao Chen Zeng‑Qi Cui An‑Chuan Fan Fan‑Zhen Feng Min‑Hao Gu Chang‑Cai Han Zi‑Jie Han Guo‑Zhu He Yong‑Cheng He yang Hong Yi‑Wei Hu Han‑Xiong Huang Wei Jiang Zhi‑Jie Jiang Zheng‑Yao Jin Ling Kang Bo Li Gong Li xiao Li yang Li Jie Liu Rong Liu Shu‑Bin Liu Yi‑Na Liu Guang‑Yuan Luan Jie Ren Zhi‑Zhou Ren Xi‑Chao Ruan Zhao‑Hui Song Kang sun Zhi‑Xin Tan Sheng‑Da Tang Jin‑Cheng Wang Peng‑Cheng Wang Zhao‑Hui Wang Zhong‑Wei Wen xiao‑Guang Wu Xuan Wu Cong Xia Yong‑Ji Yu Guo‑Hui Zhang Hang‑Chang Zhang Lin‑Hao Zhang Qi‑Wei Zhang Xian‑Peng Zhang Yu‑Liang Zhang Yue Zhang Zhi‑Yong Zhang Zhi‑Hao Zhou Ke‑Jun Zhu Chong Zou Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dongguan Songshan Lake Future School Dongguan 523808China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China North Night Vision Science and Technology(Nanjing)Research Institute Co.Ltd Nanjing 211106China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China China Academy of Engineering Physics Institute of Nuclear Physics and ChemistryMianyang 621900China USTC archaeometry lab University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi’an 710024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China Shipbuilding Trading Co. LtdBeijing 100044China

Neutron resonance imaging(NRI)has recently emerged as an appealing technique for neutron *** complexity surpasses that of conventional transmission imaging,as it requires a high demand for both a neutron source and ***,the progression of NRI technology has been sluggish since its inception in the 1980s,particularly considering the limited studies analyzing the neutron energy range above *** white neutron source(Back-n)at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)provides favorable beam conditions for the development of the NRI technique over a wide neutron energy range from eV to ***-sensitive microchannel plates(MCP)have emerged as a cutting-edge tool in the field of neutron detection owing to their high temporal and spatial resolutions,high detection efficiency,and low *** this study,we report the development of a 10B-doped MCP detector,along with its associated electronics,data processing system,and NRI experiments at the *** heavy elements such as gold,silver,tungsten,and indium can be easily identified in the transmission images by their characteristic resonance peaks in the 1–100 eV energy range;the more difficult medium-weight elements such as iron,copper,and aluminum with resonance peaks in the 1–100 keV energy range can also be *** particular,results in the neutron energy range of dozens of keV(Aluminum)are reported here for the first time.

关键词： Neutron resonance imaging 10B doped MCP detector White neutron source Sample nuclide identification

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2D free-standing ultra-large ferromagnetic nanosheets via a topotactic transformation strategy

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Haofeng sun Minghao Wang Wenjie Li yang Liu Xinyu sun Wenjie Wang Yuqiao Guo Yi Xie Changzheng Wu Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry University of Science&Technology of China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China

Considerable progress has been made in synthesizing two-dimensional （2D） materials by exfoliating layered ***,for tremendous non-layered inorganic materials,especially magnet solids,usually with closely packed bulk phases by strong chemical bonds,it is challenging to obtain their high-quality 2D ***,we highlighted a new structure of free-standing ferromagnetic nanosheets featuring （111） *** magnet,Fe3O4,its inversed spinel crystalline has limited abilities to exfoliate into 2D forms and rarely exists as free-standing nanosheets owing to aggregation induced by magnetic *** realized a breakthrough in achieving free-standing ferromagnetic nanosheets with dramatically surpassing size limitations via topotactic conversion from layered *** Fe3O4nanosheets exhibited a maximum width of 60μm while only～4 nm thick,prominently exposing （111） facets.2D Fe3O4behaved anisotropic magnetism,which displayed a 4.6 emu g-1moment（H=500 Oe） in the （111） plane but 2.1 emu g-1out of the （111） plane,indicating a （111） in-plane easy *** anticipated our topotactic conversion strategy would inspire the creation of 2D non-layered materials and enrich the 2D materials family.

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