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Experimental study on the mechanism of flow blockage formation in fast reactor

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第6期34卷 171-182页

作者： Wen-Hui Jin Song-Bai Cheng xiao-xing liu Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai519082China

Various sources of solid particles might exist in the coolant flow of a liquid metal cooled fast reactor(e.g.,through chemical interaction between the coolant and impurities,air,or water,through corrosion of structural materials,or from damaged/molten fuel).Such particles may cause flow blockage accidents in a fuel assembly,resulting in a reduction in coolant flow,which potentially causes a local temperature rise in the fuel cladding,cladding failure,and fuel melt.To understand the blockage formation mechanism,in this study,a series of simulated experiments was conducted by releasing different solid particles from a release device into a reducer pipe using gravity.Through detailed analyses,the influence of various experimental parameters(e.g.,particle diameter,capacity,shape,and static friction coefficient,and the diameter and height of the particle release nozzle)on the blockage characteristics(i.e.,blockage probability and position)was examined.Under the current range of experimental conditions,the blockage was significantly influenced by the aforementioned parameters.The ratio between the particle diameter and outlet size of the reducer pipe might be one of the determining factors governing the occurrence of blockage.Specifically,increasing the ratio enhanced blockage(i.e.,larger probability and higher position within the reducer pipe).Increasing the particle size,particle capacity,particle static friction coefficient,and particle release nozzle diameter led to a rise in the blockage probability;however,increasing the particle release nozzle height had a downward influence on the blockage probability.Finally,blockage was more likely to occur in non-spherical particles case than that of spherical particles.This study provides a large experimental database to promote an understanding of the flow blockage mechanism and improve the validation process of fast reactor safety analysis codes.

关键词： Liquid metal cooled fast reactor Flow blockage Granular jamming Experimental study

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Challenges in Li-ion battery high-voltage technology and recent advances in high-voltage electrolytes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 73-98页

作者： Jianguo liu Baohui Li Jinghang Cao xiao xing Gan Cui Shandong Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation Safety College of Pipeline and Civil EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina

The electrolyte directly contacts the essential parts of a lithium-ion battery,and as a result,the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte have a significant impact on the voltage platform,charge discharge capacity,energy density,service life,and rate discharge performance.By raising the voltage at the charge/discharge plateau,the energy density of the battery is increased.However,this causes transition metal dissolution,irreversible phase changes of the cathode active material,and parasitic electrolyte oxidation reactions.This article presents an overview of these concerns to provide a clear explanation of the issues involved in the development of electrolytes for high-voltage lithium-ion batteries.Additionally,solidstate electrolytes enable various applications and will likely have an impact on the development of batteries with high energy densities.It is necessary to improve the high-voltage performance of electrolytes by creating solvents with high thermal stabilities and high voltage resistance and additives with superior film forming performance,multifunctional capabilities,and stable lithium salts.To offer suggestions for the future development of high-energy lithium-ion batteries,we conclude by offering our own opinions and insights on the current development of lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery High voltage Electrolyte additive Solid electrolyte

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Clinical analysis of 12 cases of ovarian neuroendocrine carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第6期12卷 1111-1119页

作者： xiao-Yu xing Wei Zhang Li-Ya liu Li-Ping Han Department of Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the female genital tract are rare.AIM To enhance our clinical understanding of neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC)of the ovary.METHODS A retrospective review was conducted on 12 patients diagnosed with NEC of the ovary,analyzing clinicopathological characteristics,treatment modalities,and survival status.RESULTS The median age at diagnosis was 34.5 years(range:20 to 62 years).Among the 12 cases,9 were small cell carcinoma of the ovary and 3 were large cell NEC.Five cases were stage I tumors,one case was stage IV,and six cases were stage III.Eleven patients underwent surgery as part of their treatment.All patients received adjuvant chemotherapy.Among the 12 patients,one patient received radiotherapy,and one patient with a BRCA2 mutation was administered PARP inhibitor maintenance after chemotherapy.The median progression-free survival was 13 months,and the median overall survival was 19.5 months.Four cases remained disease-free,while eight cases experienced tumor recurrence,including three cases that resulted in death due to disease recurrence.CONCLUSION NEC of the ovary is a rare condition that is more common in women of childbearing age and is associated with aggressive behavior and poor clinical outcomes.Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment,with some patients benefiting from adjuvant chemoradiation therapy.

关键词： Neuroendocrine carcinoma Ovary Pathology Treatment

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Syntheses of new di-nuclear and tetra-nuclear lanthanide 9-anthracenecarboxylates:Magnetocaloric effect,slow magnetic relaxation and luminescent properties

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1101-1109,I0004页

作者： xing liu Ruonan Yang Lu Zhang Jian Zhou Chunmei Huang Huahong Zou Zunhong xiao Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials College of ChemistryChongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources(Ministry of Education of China) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin541004China School of Chemistry and Materials Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang550025China

Lanthanide complex-based materials with magnetic and luminescent properties have received a great deal of attention,owing to their importantly potential applications in diverse fields.In this work,the 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid(9-Haca)as bridging ligand was applied in combination with optically activeπ-conjugated 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine(tptz)to construct a series of new di-nuclear and tetranuclear lanthanide 9-anthracenecarboxylates[La_(2)(9-aca)_(6)(tptz)_(2)(μ-H_(2)O)]·0.25H_(2)O(1),[Ln_(2)(9-aca)_(6)(tptz)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·0.5AQ·CH_(3)COOH_(2)H_(2)O[Ln=Sm(2a),Eu(2b),Gd(2c),Tb(2d),Dy(2e),Tm(2f);AQ=9,10-anthracenedione]and[Ln_(4)(9-aca)_(10)(tptz)_(2)(CH3COO)2]·H_(2)O[Ln=Eu(3a),Gd(3b),Dy(3c)].1 displays a di-nuclear centrosymmetric moiety[La_(2)(9-aca)_(6)(tptz)_(2)(μ-H_(2)O)]built up from two complex[La(9-aca)_(2)(tptz)]groups bridged by one H_(2)O molecule and two syn-syn-μ2-η1:η1-9-aca-bridging ligands,while 2a-2f are isostructural and co mprise another di-nuclear centrosymmetric moieties[Ln_(2)(9-aca)_(6)(tptz)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]based on two complex[Ln(9-aca)_(2)(tptz)(H_(2)O)]groups connected by two syn-syn-μ2-η1:η1-9-aca-bridging ligands,3a-3c are isostructural and show tetra-nuclear centro symmetric moieties[Ln4(9-aca)10(tptz)2(CH3COO)2]containing three types of coordination modes of 9-aca-ligands.The present compounds offer the only examples of lanthanide 9-anthracenecarboxylates decorated by optically active tptz.Magnetic investigations of 2a,2c-2f,and 3b-3c indicate that 3c is typical of slow relaxation of the magnetization,while 2c and 3b show significant magnetocaloric effect(MCE)with the value of-ΔSm of 5.26 J/(kg·K)at 4 K and 15.65 J/(kg·K)at 2 K(ΔH=7 T),respectively.The luminescent properties were also studied and reveal that the characteristic luminescent properties of the 7r-conjugated aromatic ligands are introduced into magnetic lanthanide 9-anthracenecarboxylates,simultaneously exhibiting slow magnetic relaxation(or MCE)and luminescent properties.

关键词： Lanthanide complexes Luminescence Magnetic properties Magnetocaloric effect Slow magnetic relaxation Rare earths

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Large-inductance superconducting microstrip photon detector enabling 10 photon-number resolution

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 96-105页

作者： Ling-Dong Kong Tian-Zhu Zhang xiao-Yu liu Hao Li Zhen Wang xiao-Ming Xie Li-xing You Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated CircuitsShanghaiChina CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics ShanghaiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringBeijingChina

Efficient and precise photon-number-resolving detectors are essential for optical quantum information science.Despite this,very few detectors have been able to distinguish photon numbers with both high fidelity and a large dynamic range,all while maintaining high speed and high timing precision.Superconducting nanostrip-based detectors excel at counting single photons efficiently and rapidly,but face challenges in balancing dynamic range and fidelity.Here,we have pioneered the demonstration of 10 true photon-number resolution using a superconducting microstrip detector,with readout fidelity reaching an impressive 98%and 90%for 4-photon and 6-photon events,respectively.Furthermore,our proposed dual-channel timing setup drastically reduces the amount of data acquisition by 3 orders of magnitude,allowing for real-time photon-number readout.We then demonstrate the utility of our scheme by implementing a quantum random-number generator based on sampling the parity of a coherent state,which guarantees inherent unbiasedness,robustness against experimental imperfections and environmental noise,as well as invulnerability to eavesdropping.Our solution boasts high fidelity,a large dynamic range,and real-time characterization for photon-number resolution and simplicity with respect to device structure,fabrication,and readout,which may provide a promising avenue towards optical quantum information science.

关键词： superconducting microstrips single-photon detector photon-number resolution quantum random number

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Needs and challenges of optical atmospheric monitoring on the background of carbon neutrality in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 49-62页

作者： Wenqing liu Chengzhi xing Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 23001China

The achievement of the targets of coordinated control of PM2.5 and O3 and the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality depend on the development of pollution and greenhouse gas monitoring technologies.Optical monitoring technology,based on its technical characteristics of high scalability,high sensitivity and wide-targets detection,has obvious advantages in pollution/greenhouse gases monitoring and has become an important direction in the development of environmental monitoring technology.At present,a system of environmental optical monitoring technology with differential optical absorption spectroscopy(DOAS),cavity ring-down spectroscopy(CRDS),light detection and ranging(LIDAR),laser heterodyne spectroscopy(LHS),tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy(TDLAS),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and fluorescence assay by gas expansion(FAGE)as the main body has been established.However,with the promotion of“reduction of pollution and carbon emissions”strategy,there have been significant changes in the sources of pollution/greenhouse gases,emission components and emission concentrations,which have put forward new and higher requirements for the development of monitoring technologies.In the future,we should pay more attention to the development of new optical monitoring techniques and the construction of stereoscopic monitoring system,the interdisciplinarity(among mathematics,physics,chemistry and biology,etc.),and the monitoring of greenhouse gases and research on atmospheric chemistry.

关键词： Pollution Greenhouse gas Optical atmospheric monitoring Needs and challenges

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Neuroprotective effects of acteoside in a glaucoma mouse model by targeting Serta domain-containing protein 4

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 625-637页

作者： Hui-Jie Hao Ya-Hong Li Bo Yu Xun liu Yan Zhang xiao-Li xing Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseaseEye Institute and School of OptometryTianjin Medical University Eye HospitalTianjin 300384China

AIM:To explore the therapeutic effect and main molecular mechanisms of acteoside in a glaucoma model in DBA/2J mice.METHODS:Proteomics was used to compare the differentially expressed proteins of C57 and DBA/2J mice.After acteoside administration in DBA/2J mice,anterior segment observation,intraocular pressure(IOP)monitoring,electrophysiology examination,and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to analyze any potential effects.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)assays were used to verify the proteomics results.Furthermore,retinal ganglion cell 5(RGC5)cell proliferation was assessed with cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assays.Serta domain-containing protein 4(Sertad4)mRNA and protein expression levels were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis,respectively.RESULTS:Proteomics analysis suggested that Sertad4 was the most significantly differentially expressed protein.Compared with the saline group,the acteoside treatment group showed decreased IOP,improved N1-P1 wave amplitudes,thicker retina,and larger numbers of cells in the ganglion cell layer(GCL).The IHC results showed that Sertad4 expression levels in DBA/2J mice treated with acteoside were significantly lower than in the saline group.Acteoside treatment could improve RGC5 cell survival and reduce the Sertad4 mRNA and protein expression levels after glutamate injury.CONCLUSION:Sertad4 is differentially expressed in DBA/2J mice.Acteoside can protect RGCs from damage,possibly through the downregulation of Sertad4,and has a potential use in glaucoma treatment.

关键词： glaucoma acteoside Serta domaincontaining protein 4 proteomics mice

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Early embryonic failure caused by a novel mutation in the TUBB8 gene:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2092-2098页

作者： xiao-Yu Zhang xing-xing Zhang Lei Wang Department of Reproductive Center Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Healthcare HospitalZaozhuang 277000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the relationship between gene mutations and early embryonic development arrest and to provide more possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of repeated implantation failure.CASE SUMMARY Here,we collected and described the clinical data of a patient with early embryonic development stagnation after repeated in vitro fertilization attempts for primary infertility at the Department Reproductive Center of Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital.We also detected the whole-exon gene of the patient's spouse and parents,and conducted bioinformatics analysis to determine the pathogenesis of the gene.CONCLUSION A novel mutant of the TUBB8 gene[c.602G>T(p.C201F)]was identified,and this mutant provided new data on the genotype-phenotype relationships of related diseases.

关键词： Genes Mutation Embryonic development Fertilization in vitro Intracytoplasmic sperm injection Case report

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Design and synthesis of thiol-terminated imidothioether oligomer as thermally latent hardener and modifier for high-performance epoxy/thiol thermosets

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 632-641页

作者： xing liu Jianjun Zhou Shumei liu Jianqing Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Key Lab Guangdong High Property&Functional Polymer Materials Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing EngineeringMinistry of EducationGuangzhou510640China

Conventional base-catalyzed epoxy/aliphatic thiol systems have a poor storage stability,and are impossible to be one-pot systems.A widely accepted solution is to use the latent catalysts,which are usually insoluble anionic initiators sensitive to impurities and moisture,and have many limitations in practical use.In this work,a soluble thiol-terminated imidothioether oligomer(TPI) was synthesized and used as a latent hardener and modifier to prepare one-pot epoxy/thiol systems without the latent catalysts.The latent behavior and curing mechanism of epoxy systems(EP/TPI series),consisted of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether(DGEBA),pentaerythritol tetrakis(mercaptoacetate)(PETMP) and TPI,were proposed.The thiol exchange reaction between TPI and PETMP preceded the curing reaction of DGEBA,and produced aromatic thiols,which were unreactive at ambient conditions and reacted with DGEBA to form the thermosets at temperatures above 130 ℃.At the loading of 24.4 wt%TPI,the epoxy system(EP/TPI-3) had a shelf life of 13 days and was completely cured within 20 min at 180 ℃.Meanwhile,the catalyst-free curing process of EP/TPI-3 system was insensitive to impurities and moisture.Furthermore,the thermal and mechanical properties of EP/TPI-3 thermoset were simultaneously improved,thereinto,the glass transition temperature,Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength were increased by 16.7 ℃,12.9%,and 13.6%,respectively,compared with those of the commercial DGEBA/PETMP thermoset.This work shows that TPI has the potential to be a powerful alternative to commercial latent catalysts,and EP/TPI thermosets with high performance have broad application prospects.

关键词： thiol-terminated imidothioether oligomer epoxy systems thiol exchange reaction thermal latency high performance

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Synthesis and oxidative desulfurization activity of vanadium-substituted Keggin-type polyoxometalate hybrid compounds

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Tungsten 2024年第3期6卷 529-535页

作者： Min xing xiao-Ying Ji Shu-Xia liu Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University

SOxfrom fuel oil has caused much air pollution. Therefore, the desulfurization of fuel oil is necessary. Oxidative desulfurization（ODS）, as one of the most efficient nonhydrodesulfurization technologies, has become a major solution of desulfurization for fuel oil owing to its high reactivity for the removal of refractory organic sulfur compounds including dibenzothiophene（DBT） and its derivatives under mild reaction conditions [1]. Among them,

关键词： FRAMEWORK CHAIN

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