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A low-cost wide bandgap polymer based on carboxylate substituted thiazole enables efficient organic solar cells with remarkable batch-to-batch reproducibility

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 733-744页

作者： xiaodong Zhu Yuchen Lei Jianhong Gao Yanjun He Jinsicheng liu Qian Guo xiang Gao Liwei Xiong Xunchang Wang Renqiang Yang Zhitian liu Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices(Ministry of Education) School of Optoelectronic Materials&TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China

Constructing the low-cost,high-efficiency,and good batch-to-batch reproducibility polymer donor is vitally important for the application of organic solar ***,we develop a structurally simple carboxylate-substituted thiazole as an electronwithdrawing building block to construct a low-cost polymer,PBTTzE,containing a facilely prepared chlorinated benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene(BDTCl)donor *** from synergistic electron deficient effects of chlorination and ester group and C=N,as well as the noncovalent interaction of S…O and S…N,PBTTzE exhibits a deep HOMO energy level(−5.59 eV),and a planar skeleton *** combined with the IT-4F acceptor,the polymer(54 kDa)demonstrated a champion PCE of 15.87%,which is the highest value in the IT-4F-based binary devices to ***,PBTTzE exhibits excellent batch-tobatch reproducibility due to its very similar PCEs within a range of 43–76 *** addition,an alloyed state and complementary absorption can be formed between PM6 and ***,in a ternary device with PBTTzE added to the PM6:BTP-eC9 blend,a top PCE of 18.76%is achieved due to the suppressed energy loss,prolonged exciton diffusion distance,and improved charge *** work demonstrates that the carboxylate-substituted thiazole is a highly promising acceptor unit for constructing low-cost and high-performance polymers.

关键词： carboxylate substituted thiazole polymer donor low-cost batch-to-batch reproducibility organic solar cells

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Design Considerations on Voltage and Current Transfer Ratio of High-Frequency Transformers

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2025年第1期11卷 447-457页

作者： Chen liu Lei Qi xiang Cui China Electric Power Planning&Engineering Institute Beijing100120China State Key Laboratory for Alternate Electrical Power System Renewable Energy Sources(North China Electric Power University)Beijing102206China

A high frequency(HF)transformer is key equipment for dc-dc converter to achieve galvanic isolation and voltage *** operating frequency increases,voltage and current transfer ratio of HF transformer may significantly deviate from the turn ratio due to parasitic effects,failing to transfer expected voltage and current from the primary side to the secondary *** this paper,design considerations on voltage and current transfer ratio of the HF transformer are investigated to obtain expected transfer *** revealing parasitic effects on transfer characteristic(TC)of the HF transformer with load,deviation between voltage/current transfer ratio and turn ratio is correlated with the ratio of voltage/current TC resonant frequency and operating ***,constraints for parasitic parameters to obtain expected transfer ratio are proposed,and practical measures to achieve improvements in transformer design are discussed.A 20kHz HF transformer prototype is used as an application,by which evaluations on deviation of voltage/current transfer ratio and turn ratio are verified,and voltage/current transfer performance of the prototype are effectively improved by optimal design based on the proposed principles.

关键词： Capacitance transfer functions transformers

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Carbon-supported CeNCl as an efficient catalyst for CO_(2)cycloaddition

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 157-163页

作者： Li liu Lingling Zhang xiang Chu Baokang Geng Huilin Wang Zongxiang Li xiao Wang Shuyan Song Hongjie Zhang School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Sinocare Incorporation Changsha 410221China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The cycloaddition reaction of CO_(2)with epoxide not only effectively reduces the concentration of CO_(2)in the atmosphere,but also has excellent industrial application value and up to 100%atom utilization,but there are difficulties in separation and recovery of traditional homogeneous catalysts,harsh reaction conditions of traditional heterogeneous catalysts,and activation of CO_(2)*** this paper,an easily synthesized heterogeneous catalyst CeNCl/C was used to catalyze the cycloaddition reaction of CO_(2)with styrene oxide,with a high yield of 92.7%,a high selectivity of 96.7%,a turnover numbers(TON)value of 349,and a good stability demonstrated in six cycle tests(equivalent to 216 h of testing).Through comprehensive studies,it was shown that CeNCl/C contains Lewis acid-base centers as active centers,which can effectively reduce the energy barrier required for ring opening of the reaction substrate,enhance the adsorption and activation of CO_(2),and promote the formation of intermediates,which led to the acquisition of excellent catalytic activity.

关键词： CO_(2)cycloaddition heterogeneous catalysis CeNCl Lewis acid/base

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Comparative proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes reveals the functional contribution of N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase to Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2998-3012页

作者： Yuan Zhao Yidan Zhang Xin liu Jian Zhang Ya Gao Shuyue Li Cui Chang xiang liu Guofeng Yang Department of Geriatrics Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder,and few reliable biomarkers are available to track disease *** proteins,DNA,mRNA,and lipids carried by exosomes reflect intracellular changes,and thus can serve as biomarkers for a variety of *** this study,we investigated alterations in the protein content of plasma exosomes derived from patients with Parkinson’s disease and the potential therapeutic roles of these proteins in Parkinson’s *** a tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics approach,we characterized the proteomes of plasma exosomes derived from individual patients,identified exosomal protein signatures specific to patients with Parkinson’s disease,and identified N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase as a differentially expressed protein.N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase expression levels in exosomes from the plasma of patients and healthy controls were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western *** results demonstrated that the exosomal N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase concentration was not only lower in Parkinson’s disease,but also decreased with increasing Hoehn-Yahr stage,suggesting that N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase could be used to rapidly evaluate Parkinson’s disease ***,western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels were markedly reduced both in cells treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and cells overexpressingα-synuclein compared with control ***,N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase overexpression significantly increased cell viability and inhibitedα-synuclein expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-treated *** together,our findings demonstrate for the first time that exosomal N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase may serve as a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease diagnosis,and that N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase may reduceα-synuclein expression and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced n

关键词： biomarker diagnosis exosomes N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase Parkinson’s disease proteomic α-synuclein

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Foliar-applied zinc promotes cadmium allocation from leaf surfaces to grains in rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 582-593页

作者： Ya-Ting liu Bo-Fang Yan Xuan Cai Hong-xiang Zheng Rong-Liang Qiu Ye-Tao Tang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Facility Agriculture Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural&Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

The accumulation of Cd by rice poses significant health *** fertilizationwith Zn can reduce grain Cd contents in rice grown in Cd-contaminated ***,atmospheric deposition on leaves is another vector of Cd contamination,and it remains unclear how Zn application affects the allocation of such *** conducted an experiment where the flag leaves of rice plants were treated with solutions with various Zn concentrations and a constant Cd *** 111Cd stable isotope was used to trace the flux of foliarapplied *** levels of foliar-applied Zn enhanced Cd efflux and grain *** is attributed to limited sequestration of foliar-applied Cd in the leaf cell symplasm and increased Cd desorption from leaf cell walls when a high Zn^(2+)concentration occurs in the *** Zn oxide nanoparticlesmitigated these ***,the expressions of OsLCT1 and OsZIP7 in flag leaves and OsHMA2 and OsZIP7 in the uppermost nodes were upregulated under high-Zn^(2+)treatment,which may facilitate Cd phloem loading and grain *** is advised in using foliar Zn in areas with high atmospheric Cd due to potential grain-contamination risks.

关键词： Atmospheric deposition Isotope labelling Metal interaction Phloem Cell wall

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Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 444-456页

作者： xiang WANG Guang-Hui YU Yakov KUZYAKOV Bo-Hao YIN Andreas KAPPLER Cong-Qiang liu Bohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station Institute of Surface-Earth System ScienceSchool of Earth System ScienceTianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai RimTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceUniversity of GöttingenGöttingen 37077Germany Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)Moscow 117198Russia Geomicrobiology Center for Applied GeosciencesUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight InfectionUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany

Fungi are known to be crucial in the formation and stabilization of soil organic matter through their exudates and dead residues(necromass).Yet,it remains unclear how fungi contribute to the persistence of carbon in soils over millennial scales across ***,this study fills the knowledge gap by linking fungal carbon stocks with minerals-associated carbon stocks across major biomes.A strong correlation between fungal biomass and reactive mineral-associated carbon stocks in soils across six biomes supports the substantial role of fungi in soil carbon persistence at the global *** spatial resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that fungi may stabilize carbon by forming organo-mineral associations through their close physical connection to reactive minerals and weathered *** propose a conceptual model that emphasizes the dualistic role of hypha-mineral interactions:(i)fungi accelerate organic matter decomposition by producing reactive oxygen species on the hypha-mineral interfaces,and(ii)fungi stabilize their residues on mineral surfaces,leading to millennial scale persistence of soil ***,fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystems that extends beyond the decomposition of persistent *** are crucial in stabilizing carbon on mineral surfaces,thereby facilitating the long-term removal of carbon from rapid biotic cycling.

关键词： Biogeography Fungi Mineral-associated organic matter(MAOM) Reactive minerals Soil carbon stability NanoSIMS

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A Newly Established Air Pollution Data Center in China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第4期42卷 597-604页

作者： Mei ZHENG Tianle ZHANG Yaxin xiang xiao TANG Yinan WANG Guannan GENG Yuying WANG Yingjun liu Chunxiang YE Caiqing YAN Yingjun CHEN Jiang ZHU Qiang ZHANG Tong ZHU SKL-ESPC College of Environmental Sciences and Engineeringand Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Air pollution in China covers a large area with complex sources and formation mechanisms,making it a unique place to conduct air pollution and atmospheric chemistry *** National Natural Science Foundation of China’s Major Research Plan entitled“Fundamental Researches on the Formation and Response Mechanism of the Air Pollution Complex in China”(or the Plan)has funded 76 research projects to explore the causes of air pollution in China,and the key processes of air pollution in atmospheric physics and atmospheric *** order to summarize the abundant data from the Plan and exhibit the long-term impacts domestically and internationally,an integration project is responsible for collecting the various types of data generated by the 76 projects of the *** project has classified and integrated these data,forming eight categories containing 258 datasets and 15 technical reports in *** integration project has led to the successful establishment of the China Air Pollution Data Center(CAPDC)platform,providing storage,retrieval,and download services for the eight *** platform has distinct features including data visualization,related project information querying,and bilingual services in both English and Chinese,which allows for rapid searching and downloading of data and provides a solid foundation of data and support for future related *** pollution control in China,especially in the past decade,is undeniably a global exemplar,and this data center is the first in China to focus on research into the country’s air pollution complex.

关键词： air pollution data center platform multi-source data China

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Metastasizing to the colon from triple-negative breast cancer:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第3期17卷 443-455页

作者： Ben-Quan Wang Xing-Gui Fang Ben-Hong xiang xiao-Jiao Wang Ming Cao Cheng-Le Zhuang Zhong-Chen liu Zheng Wang Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First People’s Hospital of WuhuWuhu 241000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Breast Surgery The First People’s Hospital of WuhuWuhu 241000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The First People’s Hospital of WuhuWuhu 241000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Colorectal Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityShanghai 200000China

BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC)metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon,colonic metastasis from BC(CMBC)is even *** SUMMARY This report describes a 44-year-old female patient with metastatic triple-negative BC in the ascending colon who underwent laparoscopic radical right *** patient had undergone left modified radical mastectomy only 15 months ago and stopped chemotherapy just 3 months *** diagnosis of CMBC was made based on the previous history of BC and positive results of several specific immunohistochemical markers(gross cystic disease fluid protein 15,mammaglobin,GATA-binding protein 3,and cytokeratin 7)for breast *** CMBC should be highly cautious in patients with a previous history of BC,especially triple-negative BC,and further examination to aid in diagnosis.

关键词： Breast cancer Colon metastasis Colonoscopy Pathology Surgery Review Case report

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Liposomes as versatile agents for the management of traumatic and nontraumatic central nervous system disorders:drug stability,targeting efficiency,and safety

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1883-1899页

作者： Mingyu Zhang Chunyu xiang Renrui Niu xiaodong He Wenqi Luo Wanguo liu Rui Gu Department of Orthopedic Surgery China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Various nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for the treatment of neurological disorders have been widely ***,their inability to cross the blood–brain barrier hampers the clinical translation of these therapeutic *** are nanoparticles composed of lipid bilayers,which can effectively encapsulate drugs and improve drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier and into brain tissue through their targeting and ***,they can potentially treat traumatic and nontraumatic central nervous system *** this review,we outlined the common properties and preparation methods of liposomes,including thin-film hydration,reverse-phase evaporation,solvent injection techniques,detergent removal methods,and microfluidics ***,we comprehensively discussed the current applications of liposomes in central nervous system diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,traumatic brain injury,spinal cord injury,and brain *** studies related to liposomes are still in the laboratory stage and have not yet entered clinical ***,their application as drug delivery systems in clinical practice faces challenges such as drug stability,targeting efficiency,and ***,we proposed development strategies related to liposomes to further promote their development in neurological disease research.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brain tumors central nervous system Huntington's disease liposome drug delivery neurological disorders Parkinson's disease spinal cord injury traumatic brain injury

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Polarization-encoded neural networks with simplified grating patch

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 269-277页

作者： Chengyan ZHONG xiang WANG Lingfei LI Yuanchi CUI Lei xiao Dawei SONG Junxiong GUO Wen HUANG Yufeng GUO Yu liu College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology Nanjing 210023China College of Integrated Circuits Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Nanjing Mumusili Technology Co. LTDNanjing 211100China School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Advanced Study School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Integrated Circuit Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

Optical neural networks(ONNs)offer a promising solution for high-performance,energy-efficient artificial intelligence hardware by leveraging the parallelism and speed of ***,the large-scale implementation of ONNs remains challenging due to the bulky footprint and complex control of optical *** this work,we propose and simulate a plasmonic polarized synaptic architecture that overcomes the diffraction limit and enables ultra-compact *** tuning the polarization state of incident light,the optical transmittance through each plasmonic unit can be dynamically adjusted to represent a synaptic *** plasmonic structures,with features as small as 40 nm,operate well below this limit in the visible spectrum(400-750 nm).Compared with diffraction and interference-based circuit designs,our proposed method achieves a substantial reduction in synaptic density by factors of 150000-fold and 1500-fold,***,we successfully demonstrate a proof-of-concept plasmonic ONN applied to the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research—10 classes(CIFAR-10)dataset using a Visual Geometry Group network with 16 layers(VGG16)*** training for 80 epochs,the network achieves an accuracy of 93%.The polarization-tunable plasmonics paves the way towards scalable ONNs for next-generation artificial intelligence(AI)accelerators and smart sensors.

关键词： optical neural networks polarization dependent nanophotonic ultra-compact devices diffraction limit

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