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Landscape of human organoids:Ideal model in clinics and research

The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 146-164页

作者： Xinxin Han Chunhui Cai Wei deng Yanghua Shi Lanyang Li Chen Wang Jian Zhang Mingjie rong Jiping Liu Bangjiang Fang Hua He Xiling Liu Chuxia deng xiao He Xin Cao Organ Regeneration X Lab Lisheng East China Institute of BiotechnologyPeking UniversityJiangsu 226200China Shanghai Lisheng Biotech Shanghai 200092China LongHua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine725 Wanping South RoadXuhui DistrictShanghai 200032China Department of Oncology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200125China Department of Neurosurgery Third Affiliated HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghai 200063China Cancer Center Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao SARChina Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology University of MacaoTaipaMacao SAR 999078China CAS Key Lab for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghai 200032China

In the last decade,organoid research has entered a golden era,signifying a pivotal shift in the biomedical landscape.The year 2023 marked a milestone with the publication of thousands of papers in this arena,reflecting exponential growth.However,amid this burgeoning expansion,a comprehensive and accurate overview of the field has been conspicuously absent.Our review is intended to bridge this gap,providing a panoramic view of the rapidly evolving organoid landscape.We meticulously analyze the organoid field from eight distinctive vantage points,harnessing our rich experience in academic research,industrial application,and clinical practice.We present a deep exploration of the advances in organoid technology,underpinned by our long-standing involvement in this arena.Our narrative traverses the historical genesis of organoids and their transformative impact across various biomedical sectors,including oncology,toxicology,and drug development.We delve into the synergy between organoids and avant-garde technologies such as synthetic biology and single-cell omics and discuss their pivotal role in tailoring personalized medicine,enhancing high-throughput drug screening,and constructing physiologically pertinent disease models.Our comprehensive analysis and reflective discourse provide a deep dive into the existing landscape and emerging trends in organoid technology.We spotlight technological innovations,methodological evolution,and the broadening spectrum of applications,emphasizing the revolutionary influence of organoids in personalized medicine,oncology,drug discovery,and other fields.Looking ahead,we cautiously anticipate future developments in the field of organoid research,especially its potential implications for personalized patient care,new avenues of drug discovery,and clinical research.We trust that our comprehensive review will be an asset for researchers,clinicians,and patients with keen interest in personalized medical strategies.We offer a broad view of the present and prospective capabilities of organoi

关键词： landscape intended advances

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Metagenomic insights into microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes of waste antibiotic fermentation residues along production,storage and treatment processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 45-55页

作者： Ziming Han xiao Luan Haodi Feng Yanqin deng Min Yang Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery Beijing 100085China Wuhan Agricultural Inspection Center Wuhan 430016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Antibiotic fermentation residue(AFR)is nutrient-rich solid waste generated from fermentative antibiotic production process.It is demonstrated that AFR contains high-concentration of remaining antibiotics,and thus may promote antibiotic resistance development in receiving environment or feeding farmed animals.However,the dominate microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in AFRs have not been adequately explored,hampering understanding on the potential antibiotic resistance risk development caused by AFRs.Herein,seven kinds of representative AFRs along their production,storage,and treatment processes were collected,and multiple methods including amplicon sequencing,metagenomic sequencing,and bioinformatic approaches were adopted to explore the biological characteristics of AFRs.As expected,antibiotic fermentation producer was found as the predominant species in raw AFRs,which were collected at the outlet of fermentation tanks.However,except for producer species,more environment-derived species persisted in stored AFRs,which were temporarily stored at a semi-open space.Lactobacillus genus,classified as Firmicutes phylum and Bacilli class,became predominant bacterial taxa in stored AFRs,which might attribute to its tolerance to high concentration of antibiotics.Results from metagenomic sequencing together with assembly and binning approaches showed that these newly-colonizing species(e.g.,Lactobacillus genus)tended to carry ARGs conferring resistance to the remaining antibiotic.However,after thermal treatment,remaining antibiotic could be efficiently removed from AFRs,and microorganisms together with DNA could be strongly destroyed.In sum,the main risk from the AFRs was the remaining antibiotic,while environment-derived bacteria which tolerate extreme environment,survived in ARFs with high content antibiotics,and may carry ARGs.Thus,hydrothermal or other harmless treatment technologies are recommended to remove antibiotic content and inactivate bacteria before recycling of AFRs in pharmaceutical industry.

关键词： Pharmaceutical manufacturing Antibiotic mycelia residue Antibiotic resistance bacteria Thermal treatment Solid waste

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Quantitatively Evaluating the Erosion and Preservation of Supergene Oxide Zones:Evidence from the Yulong Porphyry Cu Deposit,Eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 280-282页

作者： xiao-Dong deng Jian-Wei Li State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and School of Earth ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

INTRODUCTION.Weathering and erosion of sulfide ore deposits are important for understanding the post-mineralization processes that have significant effects on the preservation of primary orebodies(Velasco et al.,2013;Braxton et al.,2009;Brimhall et al.,1985).Supergene oxide zones are often developed in sulfide ore deposits,and are mainly composed of iron oxides and hydroxides zones in weathering profile(Andrew,1984;Thornber et al.,1981).

关键词： Eastern Tibetan weathering

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Achieving laparoscopic anatomic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma by fluorescence guided positive staining of hepatic cone unit

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 406-411页

作者： Jun-Fang deng Chuan-Hui Peng Yu Zhang xiao-Feng Xu rong-Liang Tong Zheng-Long Zhai Di-Yu Chen Cheng Zhang Li-Ming Wu Jian Wu Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Laparoscopic anatomical liver resection has been increasingly reported worldwide,but how to demarcate the resection planes is technically challenging[1].Positive staining technique with intraoperative indocyanine green(ICG)-fluorescence imaging has been introduced as an effective tool for real-time intraoperative guidance[2].Liver anatomy is complex.Generally,liver is composed of 9 segments,each is composed of two to three subsegments,and each subsegment contains several hepatic cone units.A hepatic cone unit is dominated by a tertiary or quaternary hepatic pedicles[3].

关键词： hepatic resection anatomy

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Unique method for removal of knotted lumbar epidural catheter: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第10期12卷 1824-1829页

作者： Nian-Hua deng xiao-Cong Chen Shou-Bo Quan Anesthesia and Surgery Center Dongguan Songshan Lake Central HospitalDongguan 523326Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Combined spinal-epidural(CSE)anesthesia is the preferred anesthesia method for cesarean delivery.The use of an epidural catheter is essential for administering additional drugs intraoperatively and managing postoperative pain.However,the insertion of epidural catheters is associated with various complications,such as total spinal anesthesia,symptoms indicative of spinal nerve root irritation,and challenges in epidural catheter removal.CASE SUMMARY We present a case report of a challenging epidural catheter removal due to knotting.The lumbar computed tomography scan results revealed that the catheter formed a tight knot in the epidural space.We used a novel extubation method and successfully removed the catheter.CONCLUSION The operator can use opposite forces to"spiral"apart the spinal joints by positioning the patient's body in a specific position.The findings indicate that,when combined with imaging examination results,this method is effective for the removal of epidural catheters.

关键词： Epidural catheter Knotting Challenging extubation Case report

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Multi-junction cascaded vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with a high power conversion efficiency of 74%

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 555-565页

作者： Yao xiao Jun Wang Heng Liu Pei Miao Yudan Gou Zhicheng Zhang Guoliang deng Shouhuan Zhou College of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Suzhou Everbright Photonics Co. LtdSuzhou 215163China

High electro-optical conversion efficiency is one of the most distinctive features of semiconductor lasers as compared to other types of lasers.Its further increase remains a significant objective.Further enhancing the efficiency of edgeemitting lasers(EEL),which represent the highest efficiency among semiconductor lasers at present,is challenging.The efficiency of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers(VCSELs)has always been relatively low compared to EEL.This paper,combining modeling with experiments,demonstrates the potential of multi-junction cascaded VCSELs to achieve high efficiency beyond that of EELs,our simulations show,that a 20-junction VCSEL can achieve an efficiency of more than 88%at room temperature.We fabricated VCSEL devices with different numbers of junctions and compared their energy efficiency.15-junction VCSELs achieved a maximum efficiency of 74%at room temperature under nanosecond driving current,the corresponding differential quantum efficiency exceeds 1100%,being the largest electro-optical conversion efficiency and differential quantum efficiency reported until now for VCSELs.

关键词： cascaded power cavity

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Field-based evidence for the enrichment of intrinsic antibiotic resistome stimulated by plant-derived fertilizer in agricultural soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 728-740页

作者： Shihai Liu Ziming Han Dong Zhu xiao Luan Liujie deng Liping Dong Min Yang Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Antibiotic Residues Khorgos 835007China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Animal manures have been demonstrated to enhance antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils.However,little is known about the effects of plant-derived fertilizer on soil antibiotic resistome.Herein,metagenomic sequencing was used to investigate the effects of a plantderived fertilizer processed from sugarcane and beet on soil antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in a soybean field along crop growth stages.ARG profiles in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer were compared with those in the soils amended by chicken manure.The abundance and diversity of total ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer were significantly(P<0.05)elevated at the sprout stage,to a level comparable to that in the manured soils.Whereas,unlike chicken manure mainly introducing manure-borne ARGs to soil,the plant-derived fertilizer was indicated to mainly enrich multidrug resistance genes in soil by nourishing indigenous bacteria.ARGs with abundances in amended soils significantly(P<0.05)higher than in unamended soils at the sprout stage of soybean were considered as enriched ARGs.Decrease in the abundance of the enriched ARGs was observed in both the amended soils from the sprout to the harvest.Network analysis further identified Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes as the primary bacterial taxa involved in the temporal variation of the enriched ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer,while in manured soils were Firmicutes and Actinobacteria.As revealed by multivariate statistical analyses,variation of the enriched ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer was majorly attributed to the response of co-occurred bacteria to depleting nutrients,which was different from the failed establishment of manure-borne bacteria in the manured soils.Our study provided field-based evidence that plant-derived fertilizer stimulated the intrinsic antibiotic resistome,and proposed attention to the un-perceived risk since some clinically relevant ARGs originate and evolve from natural resistome.

关键词： Organic fertilizer Intrinsic antibiotic resistance Indigenous bacteria Metagenomic sequencing

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TGF-βsignaling in health,disease,and therapeutics

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1466-1505页

作者： Ziqin deng Tao Fan Chu xiao He Tian Yujia Zheng Chunxiang Li Jie He Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

ransforming growth factor(TGF)-βis a multifunctional cytokine expressed by almost every tissue and cell type.The signal transduction of TGF-βcan stimulate diverse cellular responses and is particularly critical to embryonic development,wound healing,tissue homeostasis,and immune homeostasis in health.The dysfunction of TGF-βcan play key roles in many diseases,and numerous targeted therapies have been developed to rectify its pathogenic activity.In the past decades,a large number of studies on TGF-βsignaling have been carried out,covering a broad spectrum of topics in health,disease,and therapeutics.Thus,a comprehensive overview of TGF-βsignaling is required for a general picture of the studies in this field.In this review,we retrace the research history of TGF-βand introduce the molecular mechanisms regarding its biosynthesis,activation,and signal transduction.We also provide deep insights into the functions of TGF-βsignaling in physiological conditions as well as in pathological processes.TGF-β-targeting therapies which have brought fresh hope to the treatment of relevant diseases are highlighted.Through the summary of previous knowledge and recent updates,this review aims to provide a systematic understanding of TGF-βsignaling and to attract more attention and interest to this research area.

关键词： homeostasis healing wound

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The Orthogonal Bases of Exponential Functions Based on Moran–Sierpinski Measures

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1804-1824页

作者： Qi rong deng Xing Gang HE Ming Tian LI Yuan Ling YE School of Mathematics and Statistics Center for Applied Mathematics of Fujian Province & Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications (Ministry of Education)Fujian Normal University School of Mathematics and Statistics Key Lab NAA-MOE and Hubei Key Lab-Math.Sci.Central China Normal University School of Mathematical Sciences & South China Research Center for Applied Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Studies South China Normal University

Let A_n ∈ M2（Z） be integral matrices such that the infinite convolution of Dirac measures with equal weights ■ is a probability measure with compact support, where D = {（0, 0）~t,（1, 0）~t,（0, 1）~t} is the Sierpinski digit.We prove that there exists a set Λ ? R2such that the family ■ is an orthonormal basis of L2(μ{An,n≥1}) if and only if 1/3（1,-1）A_n ∈ Z2for n ≥ 2 under some metric conditions on A_n.

关键词： Moran-Sierpinski measures orthonormal basis of exponential functions self-affine measures spectral measures 28A33 42C05 28A80 42C30

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A review of structural modification and biological activities of oleanolic acid

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第1期22卷 15-30页

作者： YANG Huali deng Minghui JIA Hongwei ZHANG Kaicheng LIU Yang CHENG Maosheng xiao Wei State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd.Lianyungang 222001China Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design&Discovery of Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical EngineeringShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

Oleanolic acid(OA),a pentacyclic triterpenoid,exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities,including antitumor,antiviral,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,hepatoprotective,hypoglycemic,and hypolipidemic effects.Since its initial isolation and identification,numerous studies have reported on the structural modifications and pharmacological activities of OA and its derivatives.Despite this,there has been a dearth of comprehensive reviews in the past two decades,leading to challenges in subsequent research on OA.Based on the main biological activities of OA,this paper comprehensively summarized the modification strategies and structureactivity relationships(SARs)of OA and its derivatives to provide valuable reference for future investigations into OA.

关键词： Oleanolic acid Derivatives Pentacyclic triterpenoid Structural modification Biological activities

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