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Changes in posterior corneal elevation after small incision lenticule extraction for different myopic diopters

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 491-498页

作者： xiao-Tong Sun y.ng Zhang xiao-Kun Mei nan-nan Zheng Ling-Zhi Niu xiao-Li Qu Ai-Ping Song Jian Zhuo Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityShandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinan 250014Shandong ProvinceChina

●AIM:To study the changes and effect factors of posterior corneal surface after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)with different myopic diopters.●METHODS:Ninety eyes of 90 patients who underwent SMILE were included in this retrospective *** were allocated into three groups based on the preoperative spherical equivalent(SE):low myopia(SE≥-3.00 D),moderate myopia(-3.00 D>SE>-6.00 D)and high myopia(SE≤-6.00 D).Posterior corneal surfaces were measured by a Scheimpflug camera preoperatively and different postoperative times(1wk,1,3,6mo,and 1y).Posterior mean elevation(PME)at 25 predetermined points of 3 concentric circles(2-,4-,and 6-mm diameter)above the best fit sphere was analyzed.●RESULTS:All surgeries were completed uneventfully and no ectasia was found through the *** difference of myopia group was significant at the 2-mm ring at 1 and 3mo postoperatively(1mo:P=0.017;3mo:P=0.018).The effect of time onΔPME was statistically significant(2-mm ring:P=0.001;4-mm ring:Png:Py(1mo:P=0.000;3mo:P=0.000;6mo:P=0.001;1y:P=0.001).Posterior corneal stability was linearly correlated with SE,central corneal thickness,ablation depth,residual bed thickness,percent ablation depth and percent stromal bed thickness.●CONCLUSION:The posterior corneal surface changes dynamically after *** protrusion is observed on the posterior corneal surface in patients with different degrees of myopia within one year after *** has good stability,accuracy,safety and predictability.

关键词： myopia posterior corneal elevation corneal ectasia small incision lenticule extraction

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Developmental impacts and toxicological hallmarks of silver nanoparticles across diverse biological models

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 60-79页

作者： yán Wāng yapeng Han De-Xiang Xu Department of Toxicology School of Public Health&Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China

Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs),revered for their antimicrobial prowess,have become ubiquitous in a range of products,from biomedical equipment to food ***,amidst their rising popularity,concerns loom over their possible detrimental effects on fetal development and subsequent adult *** review delves into the developmental toxicity of AgNPs across diverse models,from aquatic species like zebrafish and catfish to mammalian rodents and in vitro embryonic stem *** focus encompasses the fate of AgNPs in different contexts,elucidating associated hazardous results such as embryotoxicity and adverse pregnancy ***,we scrutinize the enduring adverse impacts on offspring,spanning impaired neurobehavior function,reproductive disorders,cardiopulmonary lesions,and *** hallmarks of developmental harm are identified,encompassing redox imbalances,inflammatory cascades,DNA damage,and mitochondrial ***,we explore potential explanations,linking immunoregulatory dysfunction and disrupted epigenetic modifications to AgNPsinduced developmental *** substantial progress,our understanding of the developmental risks posed by AgNPs remains incomplete,underscoring the urgency of further research in this critical area.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) Developmental toxicity Maternal exposure Fetal development Redox imbalance Mitochondrial dysfunction

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Weakly Supervised Object Localization with Background Suppression Erasing for Art Authentication and Copyright Protection

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 89-103页

作者： Chaojie Wu Mingy.ng Li y.ng Gao Xinyan Xie Wing W.y.ng Ahmad Musyafa School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 511442China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangzhou 510180China

The problem of art forgery and infringement is becoming increasingly prominent,since diverse self-media contents with all kinds of art pieces are released on the Internet every *** art paintings,object detection and localization provide an efficient and ef-fective means of art authentication and copyright ***,the acquisition of a precise detector requires large amounts of ex-pensive pixel-level *** alleviate this,we propose a novel weakly supervised object localization(WSOL)with background su-perposition erasing(BSE),which recognizes objects with inexpensive image-level ***,integrated adversarial erasing(IAE)for vanilla convolutional neural network(CNN)dropouts the most discriminative region by leveraging high-level semantic ***,a background suppression module(BSM)limits the activation area of the IAE to the object region through a self-guidance ***,in the inference phase,we utilize the refined importance map(RIM)of middle features to obtain class-agnostic loc-alization *** experiments are conducted on paintings,CUB-200-2011 and ILSVRC to validate the effectiveness of our BSE.

关键词： Weakly supervised object localization erasing method deep learning computer vision art authentication and copyright protection

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Jetting-based bioprinting:process,dispense physics,and applications

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 771-799页

作者： Wei Long ng Viktor Shkolnikov Singapore Centre for 3D Printing(SC3DP) School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University(NTU)Singapore 639798Singapore HP Inc. Palo AltoCA 94304USA

Jetting-based bioprinting facilitates contactless drop-on-demand deposition of subnanoliter droplets at well-defined positions to control the spatial arrangement of cells,growth factors,drugs,and biomaterials in a highly automated layer-by-layer fabrication *** to its immense versatility,jetting-based bioprinting has been used for various applications,including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,wound healing,and drug development.A lack of in-depth understanding exists in the processes that occur during jetting-based *** review paper will comprehensively discuss the physical considerations for bioinks and printing conditions used in jetting-based *** first present an overview of different jetting-based bioprinting techniques such as inkjet bioprinting,laser-induced forward transfer bioprinting,electrohydrodynamic jet bioprinting,acoustic bioprinting and microvalve ***,we provide an in-depth discussion of various considerations for bioink formulation relating to cell deposition,print chamber design,droplet formation and droplet ***,we highlight recent accomplishments in jetting-based *** present the advantages and challenges of each method,discuss considerations relating to cell viability and protein stability,and conclude by providing insights into future directions of jetting-based bioprinting.

关键词： 3D bioprinting Biofabrication Jetting-based Dispense physics Machine learning

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Dysfunction of synaptic endocytic trafficking in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2649-2660页

作者： Xin yi ng Mian Cao Programme in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the selective degeneration of dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and dopamine deficiency in the *** precise reasons behind the specific degeneration of these dopamine neurons remain largely *** investigations have identified over 20 causative PARK genes and 90 genomic risk loci associated with both familial and sporadic Parkinson's ***,several of these genes are linked to the synaptic vesicle recycling process,particularly the clathrinmediated endocytosis *** suggests that impaired synaptic vesicle recycling might represent an early feature of Parkinson's disease,followed by axonal degeneration and the eventual loss of dopamine cell bodies in the midbrain via a"dy.ng back"***,several new animal and cellular models with Parkinson's disease-linked mutations affecting the endocytic pathway have been created and extensively *** models faithfully recapitulate certain Parkinson's disease-like features at the animal,circuit,and cellular levels,and exhibit defects in synaptic membrane trafficking,further supporting the findings from human genetics and clinical *** this review,we will first summarize the cellular and molecular findings from the models of two Parkinson's disease-linked clathrin uncoating proteins:auxilin(DNAJC6/PARK19)and synaptojanin 1(SyNJ1/PARK20).The mouse models carry.ng these two PARK gene mutations phenocopy each other with specific dopamine terminal pathology and display a potent synergistic ***,we will delve into the involvement of several clathrin-mediated endocytosis-related proteins(GAK,endophilin A1,SAC2/INPP5 F,synaptotagmin-11),identified as Parkinson's disease risk factors through genome-wide association studies,in Parkinson's disease *** will also explore the direct or indirect roles of some common Parkinson's disease-linked proteins(alpha-synuclein(PARK1/4),Parkin(PARK2),and LRRK2(PARK

关键词： autophagy auxilin/PARK19 clathrin-mediated endocytosis dopamine neurons neurodegeneration nigrostriatal pathway Parkinson's disease synaptic vesicle recycling synaptojanin1/PARK20

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Simulating gamma-ray production from cosmic rays interacting with the solar atmosphere in the presence of coronal magnetic fields

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 159-173页

作者：李哲吳震宇陈松战南云程何会海 Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China

Cosmic rays can interact with the solar atmosphere and produce a slew of secondary messengers,making the Sun a bright gamma-ray source in the *** observations with Fermi-LAT have shown that these interactions must be strongly affected by solar magnetic fields in order to produce a wide range of observational features,such as a high flux and hard ***,the detailed mechanisms behind these features are still a *** this study,we tackle this problem by performing particle-interaction simulations in the solar atmosphere in the presence of coronal magnetic fields using the potential field source surface(PFSS)*** find that low-energy(~GeV)gamma-ray production is significantly enhanced by the coronal magnetic fields,but the enhancement decreases rapidly with *** enhancement directly correlates with the production of gamma rays with large deviation angles relative to the input cosmic-ray *** conclude that coronal magnetic fields are essential for correctly modeling solar disk gamma rays below 10 GeV,but above that,the effect of coronal magnetic fields *** magnetic field structures are needed to explain the high-energy disk emission.

关键词： solar gamma-ray corona magnetic field Geant4 simulation hadronic interaction

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Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsystems & nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： Philippe Vachon Srinivas Merugu Jaibir Sharma Amit Lal Eldwin J.ng yul Koh Joshua E.-y.Lee Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip *** localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising *** traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic ***,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane *** demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS *** experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

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Tailoring microenvironment for efficient CO_(2)electroreduction through nanoconfinement strategy

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nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7880-7899页

作者： Lulu Chen Minhan Li Jia-nan Zhang Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation Country College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

The electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)to produce fuels and chemicals holds great promise,not only to provide an alternative to fossil feedstocks,but also to use renewable electricity to convert and recycle the greenhouse gas CO_(2)to mitigate climate ***,the selectivity and reaction rates for the conversion of CO_(2)into desirable carbon-based products,especially multicarbon products with high added value,are still insufficient for commercial applications,which is attributed to insufficiently favourable microenvironmental conditions in the vicinity of the *** construction of catalysts/electrodes with confined structures can effectively improve the reaction microenvironment in the vicinity of the electrodes and thus effectively direct the reaction towards the desired *** this review,we firstly introduce the effects of the microenvironment at the electrode-electrolyte interface including local pH,local intermediate concentration,and local cation concentration on CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)as well as the mechanism of action,and then shed light on the microenvironmental modulation within the confined space,and finally and most importantly,introduce the design strategy of CO_(2)RR catalyst/electrode based on the confinement effect.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction reaction microenvironment confinement effect catalyst design

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Reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia on doped three-atom clusters Nb_(2)M(M=Sc to Cu & y to Ag)

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3810-3818页

作者： Ran Cheng Chao-nan Cui Zhi-Xun Luo Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science(BNLMS) State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable SpeciesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Catalytic reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia under mild conditions remains an attractive topic for the purpose of lowering energy ***-atom metal clusters have been proved an ideal model to explore highly efficient catalysts taking advantage of unique geometric/electronic structures and cooperative active *** a study of N2 activation and reduction on seventeen bimetallic Nb_2M(M=Sc to Cu,and y to Ag) clusters was *** key processes for ammonia fixation(namely nitrogen activation,hydrogenation,and ammonia desorption) are fully studied,and three preferred systems(Nb_2Ni,Nb_2Rh and Nb_2Pd) are highlighted with outstanding catalytic *** d-σ and d-π~* orbital hybridizations between these metal clusters and N_(2) were demonstrated and the internal association with the N≡N bond activation was *** examining the ammonia synthesis on four chosen Nb_(2)M clusters(M=Fe,Ni,Rh and Pd),it can be elucidated that the distal pathway is more favorable than the alternative pathway in these *** work not only clarifies the N_(2) reduction on the bimetallic Nb_(2)M clusters,but also guides efficient bimetallic catalyst design.

关键词： Three-atom cluster catalysis Three-criteria strategy Nitrogen fixation Ammonia synthesis Theoretical calculations

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Tailoring Electrode–Electrolyte Interface Using an Electron-Deficient Borate-Based Additive in MgTFSI_(2)-MgCl_(2)/DME Electrolyte for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 167-175页

作者： Haiyan Fan Xinxin Zhang Jianhua xiao Wenjie Chen Qiyuan Lin Zi Shyun ng yitao Lin yi Su Ludi Pan yipeng Su Shuaiy.ng Ren Haowen Liu Xuanzhang Li yuegang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China

Rechargeable magnesium metal batteries need an electrolyte that forms a stable and ionically conductive solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on the ***,we used molecular dynamic simulation,density functional theory calculation,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis to investigate the solvation structures and SEI compositions in electrolytes consisting of dual-salts,magnesium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(MgTFSI_(2)),and MgCl_(2),with different additives in 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME)*** found that the formed[Mg_(3)(μ-Cl)_(4)(DME)mTFSI_(2)](m=3,5)inner-shell solvation clusters in MgTFSI_(2)-MgCl_(2)/DME electrolyte could easily decompose and form a MgO-and MgF_(2)-rich *** electron-rich inorganic species in the SEI,especially MgF_(2),turned out to be detrimental for Mg plating/*** reduce the MgF_(2)and MgO contents in SEI,we introduce an electron-deficient tri(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)borate(TFEB)additive in the ***//Mg cells using the MgTFSI_(2)-MgCl_(2)/DME-TFEB electrolyte could cycle stably for over 400 h with a small polarization voltage of~150 *** with the presence of 800 ppm H_(2)O,the electrolyte with TFEB additive could still preserve its good electrochemical *** optimized electrolyte also enabled stable cycling and high-rate capability for Mg//Mo6S8 and Mg//CuS full cells,showing great potential for future applications.

关键词： electrolyte additives interfacial chemistry magnesium metal batteries solvation structure

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