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Low-entropy-penalty synthesis of giant macrocycles for good self-assembly and emission enhancement

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Aggregate 2024年第6期5卷 163-172页

作者： xiao-na sun Ao Liu Kaidi Xu Zhe Zheng Kai Xu Ming Dong Bo Ding Jian Li Zhi-Yuan Zhang Chunju Li Academy of Interdisciplinary Studies on Intelligent Molecules Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional MoleculesCollege of ChemistryTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinP.R.China College of Science Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and CatalysisShanghai UniversityShanghaiP.R.China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangP.R.China

Macrocycles are key tools for molecular recognition and ***,traditionally prevalent macrocyclic compounds exhibit specific cavities with diameters usually less than 1 nm,limiting their range of applications in supramolecular *** efficient synthesis of giant macrocycles remains a significant challenge because an increase in the monomer number results in cyclizationentropy *** this study,we developed a low-entropy-penalty synthesis strategy for producing giant macrocycles in high *** this process,long and rigid monomers possessing two reaction modules were condensed with paraformaldehyde via Friedel–Crafts reaction.A series of giant macrocycles with cavities of sizes ranging from 2.0 to 4.7 nm were successfully synthesized with cyclization yields of up to 72%.Experimental results and theoretical calculations revealed that extending the monomer length rather than increasing the monomer numbers could notably reduce the cyclization-entropy penalty and avoid configuration twists,thereby favoring the formation of giant macrocycles with large ***,the excellent self-assembly capacity of these giant macrocycles promoted their assembly into *** xerogels exhibited enhanced photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to 83.1%.Mechanism investigation revealed the excellent assembly capacity originated from the abundantπ–πinteractions sites of the giant *** outstanding emission enhancement resulted from the restricted nonradiative decay processes of rotation/vibration and improved radiative decay process of *** study provides an effective and general method for achieving giant macrocycles,thereby expanding the supramolecular toolbox for host–guest chemistry and assembly ***,the intriguing assembly and photophysical properties demonstrate the feasibility of developing novel and unique properties by expanding the macrocycle size.

关键词： entropy penalty giant macrocycles photoluminescence self-assembly supramolecular chemistry

Prediction of intrusive gas pores caused by resin burning in sand core for iron castings

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 23-32页

作者： Ji-wu Wang xiao-long Wang Yu-cheng sun Yu-hang Huang Xiu-ming Chen Xiong-zhi Wu na Li Jin-wu Kang Tao Jing Tian-you Huang Hai-liang Yu School of Mechanical Electronic and Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Weichai Power Co. Ltd.Weifang 261061ShandongChina School of Mechanical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 41000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In the production of castings,intrusive gas pore represents a kind of common defects which can lead to leakage in high gas-tightness requirement castings,such as cylinder blocks and cylinder heads for *** occurs due to the intrusion of gases generated during the resin burning of the sand core into castings during the casting ***,a gas generation and flow constitution model was established,in which the gas generation rate is a function of temperature and time,and the flow of gas is controlled by the gas release,conservation,and Darcy's *** heat transfer and gas flow during casting process was numerically *** dangerous point of cores is firstly identified by a virtual heat transfer method based on the similarity between heat transfer and gas flow in the sand *** gas pores in castings are predicted by the gas pressure,the viscosity and state of the melt for these dangerous *** distinct sand core structures were designed and used for the production of iron castings,and the simulated gas pore results were validated by the obtained castings.

关键词： gas pore numerical simulation iron casting sand core resin

Biomaterial‑based mechanical regulation facilitates scarless wound healing with functional skin appendage regeneration

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Military Medical Research 2025年第1期12卷 96-120页

作者： Ying-Ying Li Shuai-Fei Ji xiao-Bing Fu Yu-Feng Jiang xiao-Yan sun Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegePLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin InjuryRepair and RegenerationResearch Unit of Trauma CareTissue Repair and RegenerationChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU051Beijing 100048China Research Unit of Trauma Care Tissue Repair and RegenerationChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU051Beijing 100048China 2Department of Tissue Regeneration and Wound RepairChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Scar formation resulting from burns or severe trauma can significantly compromise the structural integrity of skin and lead to permanent loss of skin appendages,ultimately impairing its normal physiological *** evidence underscores the potential of targeted modulation of mechanical cues to enhance skin regeneration,promoting scarless repair by influencing the extracellular microenvironment and driving the phenotypic *** field of skin repair and skin appendage regeneration has witnessed remarkable advancements in the utilization of biomaterials with distinct physical ***,a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains somewhat elusive,limiting the broader application of these *** this review,we present two promising biomaterial-based mechanical approaches aimed at bolstering the regenerative capacity of compromised *** first approach involves leveraging biomaterials with specific biophysical properties to create an optimal scarless environment that supports cellular activities essential for *** second approach centers on harnessing mechanical forces exerted by biomaterials to enhance cellular plasticity,facilitating efficient cellular reprogramming and,consequently,promoting the regeneration of skin *** summary,the manipulation of mechanical cues using biomaterial-based strategies holds significant promise as a supplementary approach for achieving scarless wound healing,coupled with the restoration of multiple skin appendage functions.

关键词： Scarless Wound healing Biomaterials Mechanical cues Skin appendages

Decellularized amniotic membrane promotes the anti-inflammatory response of macrophages via PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 403-407页

作者： Xiongbo Song Jinwen xiao Juan Wu Li sun Long Chen Department of Orthopedics Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuiyang 550000China The Lab of Tissue Engineering and Translational Medicine College of MedicineGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550000China Wuhan Kangchuang Biotechnology Wuhan 430074China

Macrophages undergo dynamic transitions between M1 and M2 states,exerting profound influences on both inflammatory and regenerative *** biocompatible and wound-healing properties of decellularized amniotic membrane(d AM)make it a subject of exploration for its potential impact on the anti-inflammatory response of *** findings unequivocally demonstrate that d AM promotes anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of macrophage,with its cytokine-rich content posited as a potential *** application of Rna sequencing unveils differential gene expression,implicating the hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)signaling pathway in this intricate *** investigation further demonstrates that d AM facilitates anti-inflammatory M2 polarization of macrophage through the upregulation of epidermal growth factor(EGF),which,in turn,activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)pathway and stabilizes HIF-1α.This cascade results in a noteworthy augmentation of anti-inflammatory gene *** study significantly contributes to advancing our comprehension of d AM's immunomodulatory role in tissue repair,thereby suggesting promising therapeutic potential.

关键词： Macrophage Decellularized amniotic membrane Anti-inflammatory response Hypoxia inducible factor-1α Epidermal growth factor

New classification of gastric polyps:An in-depth analysis and critical evaluation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第7期31卷 149-155页

作者： xiao-Hui Liao Ying-Ming sun Hong-Bin Chen Department of Gastroenterology The First Hospital of Sanming Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Medical UniversitySanming 365000Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Medical and Radiation Oncology Sanming First HospitalFujian Medical UniversitySanming 365000Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology I Sanming First HospitalFujian Medical UniversitySanming 365000Fujian ProvinceChina

With the widespread use of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy,more and more gastric polyps(GPs)are being *** management strategies often rely on histopathologic examination,which can be time-consuming and may not guide immediate clinical *** paper aims to introduce a novel classification system for GPs based on their potential risk of malignant transformation,categorizing them as"good","bad",and"ugly".A review of the literature and clinical case analysis were conducted to explore the clinical implications,management strategies,and the system's application in endoscopic *** polyps,mainly including fundic gland polyps and inflammatory fibrous polyps,have a low risk of malignancy and typically require minimal or no *** polyps,mainly including hyperplastic polyps and adenomas,pose an intermediate risk of malignancy,necessitating closer monitoring or *** polyps,mainly including type 3 neuroendocrine tumors and early gastric cancer,indicate a high potential for malignancy and require urgent and comprehensive *** new classification system provides a simplified and practical framework for diagnosing and managing GPs,improving diagnostic accuracy,guiding individualized treatment,and promoting advancements in endoscopic *** some challenges,such as the risk of misclassification due to similar endoscopic appearances,this system is essential for the standardized management of *** also lays the foundation for future research into biomarkers and the development of personalized medicine.

关键词： Gastric polyps Classification Fundic gland polyps Inflammatory fibroid polyps Hyperplastic polyps Adenomas Neuroendocrine tumors Early gastric cancer Patient management

Exposure of individuals aged 18-44 years to personal care products in Beijing,China:Exposure profiles,possible influencing factors,and risk assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 691-701页

作者： Xu Zhang Linxue Han Qi sun xiaochen Wang xiaojian Hu xiao Lin Ying Zhu China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health National Institute of Environmental HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021China The Bureau for Health Inspection and Supervision of Haidian District Beijing 100037China

Personal care products(PCPs)are a class of emerging pollutants that have attracted public concern owing to their harmful effects on humans and the *** data is valuable for insight the levels of PCPs in the human body and can be crucial for identifying potential health *** gain a better understanding of timely exposure profiles and health risk of reproductive-age population to PCPs,we determined six parabens,six benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters,and three disinfectants in 256 urine samples collected from young adults aged 18-44 years in Beijing,*** urinary levels of benzophenone-3(BP-3)and 4-hydroxybenzophenone(4-OHBP)were significantly higher in summer compared to winter,suggesting these compounds have different seasonal usage ***,the total concentration of 15 PCPs in female was 430 ng/mL,approximately two times higher than that in male.P-chloro-m-xylenol(PCMX),as a new type of antibacterial agent,has the greatest level among all target analytes,indicating the increasingly use of this antibacterial alternative *** potential influencing factors that lead to the elevated exposure level of PCPs were *** 19%of the target population had a high hazard index value(greater than 1)which was attributed to exposure to propyl paraben(PrP),benzophenone-1(BP-1),BP-3 and PCMX,indicating that PCPs may pose a relatively high exposure risk at environmental levels that should be a cause for concern.

关键词： Personal care products Hazard quotient Risk assessment Exposure patterns Urine

Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) Composite Aerogels Enable Pressure Sensors for Dialect Speech Recognition Assisted by Deep Learning

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nano-Micro Letters 2025年第5期17卷 1-15页

作者： Yanan xiao He Li Tianyi Gu xiaoteng Jia Shixiang sun Yong Liu Bin Wang He Tian Peng sun Fangmeng Liu Geyu Lu State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China International Center of Future Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China

Wearable pressure sensors capable of adhering comfortably to the skin hold great promise in sound ***,current intelligent speech assistants based on pressure sensors can only recognize standard languages,which hampers effective communication for non-standard language ***,we prepare an ultralight Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene/chitosan/polyvinylidene difluoride composite aerogel with a detection range of 6.25 Pa-1200 k Pa,rapid response/recovery time,and low hysteresis(13.69%).The wearable aerogel pressure sensor can detect speech information through the throat muscle vibrations without any interference,allowing for accurate recognition of six dialects(96.2%accuracy)and seven different words(96.6%accuracy)with the assistance of convolutional neural *** work represents a significant step forward in silent speech recognition for human–machine interaction and physiological signal monitoring.

关键词： Pressure sensor Wearable sensor Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) composite aerogel Dialect speech recognition

PS-CoT-Adapter: adapting plan-and-solve chain-of-thought for ScienceQA

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 392-393页

作者： Qun LI Haixin sun Fu xiao Yiming WANG Xinping GAO Bir BHANU School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Purple Mountain Laboratories Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Riverside

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) *** further explore LLMs'reasoning abilities in solving complex problems,recent research [1-3]has investigated chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in complex multimodal scenarios,such as science question answering (ScienceQA) tasks [4],by fine-tuning multimodal models through human-annotated CoT ***,collected CoT rationales often miss the necessary rea-soning steps and specific expertise.

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IL-17A mediates inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelial cells injury via ERK signaling pathway

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 15-27页

作者： Hui-Min Zhong Bing-Qiao Shen Yu-Hong Chen xiao-Huan Zhao xiao-Xu Huang Min-Wen Zhou xiao-Dong sun Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai First People’s Hospital)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySchool of MedicineShanghai 200080China national Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases Shanghai 200080China national Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai 200080China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases Shanghai 200080China Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai 200080China

AIM:To investigate whether interleukin-17A(IL-17A)gets involved in the mechanisms of inflammation-related retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells injury and its significance in age-related macular degeneration(AMD).MRTHODS:A sodium iodate(naIO3)mouse model as well as IL-17A-/-mice were *** effects of inflammatory cytokines in RPE cells and retinal microglia before and after naIO3 modeling in vivo and in vitro,were investigated using immunofluorescence,immunoprotein blotting,and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),*** using recombinant IL-17A protein(rIL-17A)or IL-17A neutralizing antibody(IL-17A nab)were used to observe the subsequent differences in fundus,fundus photography and optical coherence tomography(OCT),cell viability,and expression of oxidative stress-related markers before and after modeling,and to screen for key signaling ***:In the scenario of naIO3 stimulation,RPE cells obviously tended to *** proliferation and activation of retinal microglia was confirmed in naIO3-stimulated mice,whereas such effects induced by naIO3 were significantly ameliorated with IL-17A nab intervention or in IL-17A-/-*** addition,IL-17A promoted the proliferation and activation of microglia as well as oxidative damage and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines alongside naIO3-induced damage in RPE cells in vivo and ex ***,the extracellular signalregulated kinase(ERK)signaling pathway was shown to be participated in the regulation of naIO3-induced RPE cells injury mediated by IL-17A in vivo and ex vivo,as IL-17A induced inflammatory cytokines release in the naIO3 model was alleviated after blocking the ERK ***:IL-17A probably promotes the naIO3-induced RPE cells injury through exacerbating inflammation in terms of retinal microglia activation and inflammatory cytokines release via ERK signaling *** of IL-17A may be a new potential ta

关键词： age-related macular degeneration retinal pigment epithelium naIO3 microglia IL-17A