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Evaluation of 3D crustal seismic velocity models in southwest China:Model performance,limitation,and prospects

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 604-619页

作者： Xin WANG ling CHEN Qi-fu CHEN Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

Southwest China is a tectonically and seismically active region,witnessing strong deformation due to the collision between the Indian and Eurasian *** the subsurface velocity structure of this region is thus important in understanding the tectonics and geodynamic processes of continental collision and in mitigating seismic *** studies have provided various 3D seismic velocity models in southwest ***,discrepancies exist among these models,and less effort has been made to quantify the reliability and accuracy of these existing velocity *** this study,we use regional 3D waveform simulation to evaluate the performance of various regional crustal 3D velocity models in reproducing observed *** particularly focus on two recent earthquake sequence in the region,the 2021 Yunnan Yangbi MS_(6.4) earthquake sequence and the 2022 Sichuan Luding MS_(6.8) earthquake *** tested 3D velocity models include the Southwest China Community Velocity model V1.0,the Unified Seismic Tomography Models for Continental China Lithosphere V2.0,the adjoint full waveform tomography model of the crustal and upper mantle beneath Eastern Tibetan Plateau,and the shallow seismic structure model beneath continental *** results show that the tested 3D velocity models generally capture well long-period(full-waveform tomography model shows a slighter better performance than the other models,especially for the body-waves,highlighting the advantages

关键词： Southwest China Seismic tomography models Shallow Structures Waveform simulation Model evaluation

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Trace formula of the integro-differential operator on a quantum graph

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第2期39卷 311-318页

作者： WEI Li-xiao YANG Chuan-fu School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China.

In this paper we study the eigenvalue problem for integro-differential operators on a lasso *** trace formula of the operator is established by applying the residual technique in complex analysis.

关键词： integro-differential operators eigenvalue trace formula

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Nitric oxide assists nitrogen reduction reaction on 2D MBene: A theoretical study

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 428-433页

作者： Chaozheng He Jia Wang ling fu Wei Wei Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShangqiu Normal UniversityShangqiu 476000China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage&Novel Cell TechnologyLiaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China Institute of Environment and Energy Catalysis Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and DevicesSchool of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringXi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Tianshui Normal UniversityTianshui 741001China

Electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia as an environment-friendly and sustainable development method has received widespread attention in recent ***-dimensional(2D)materials are a promising catalyst for ammonia synthesis due to their large surface *** this work,we have constructed a series of 2D metal borides(MBenes)with transition metal(TM)defects(TMd-MBenes)and comprehensively calculated the reactivity of electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia-based on density functional *** results have demonstrated that the TMd-MBenes can effectively activate nitrogen oxide(NO)and nitrogen(N2)molecules *** interesting,the co-chemisorption of O atoms,dissociated from NO,can facilitate the spilled of the inert N2 molecules into single N atoms,which can further hydrogenate into ammonia easily with an ultralow limiting potential of 0.59 V on *** research has not only provided clues for catalyst design for experimental study but also paved the way for the industrial application of electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis.

关键词： 2D mbenes Nitrogen electro-reduction DFT N_(2)activation Ammonia synthesis

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Solvent transport dynamics and its effect on evolution of mechanical properties of nitrocellulose(NC)-based propellants under hot-air drying process

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 262-270页

作者： Enfa fu Mingjun Yi Qianling Liu Zhenggang xiao Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094People's Republic of China

Appropriate drying process with optimized controlling of drying parameters plays a vital role in the improvement of the quality and performance of propellant ***,few research on solvent transport dynamics within NC-based propellants was reported,and its effect on the evolution of mechanical properties was not interpreted *** study is conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of hot-air drying for NC-based propellants and clarify the effect of temperature on solvent transport behavior and further the change of mechanical properties during *** drying kinetic curves show the drying time required is decreased but the steady solvent content is increased and the drying rate is obviously increased with the increase of hot-air temperatures,indicating hot-air temperatures have a significant effect on drying kinetics.A modified drying model was established,and results show it is more appropriate to describe solvent transport behavior within NC-based ***,two linear equations were established to exhibit the relationship between solvent content and its effect on the change of tensile properties,and the decrease of residual solvent content causes an obvious increase of tensile strength and tensile modulus of propellant products,indicating its mechanical properties can be partly improved by adjustment of residual solvent *** outcomes can be used to clarify solvent transport mechanisms and optimize drying process parameters of double-based gun propellants.

关键词： Nitrocellulose-based propellants Solvent transport dynamics Mechanical properties Drying kinetics Effective solvent diffusion coefficient

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A Strong,Tough,and Self-Healing Strengthening Thioctic Acid-based Elastomer for Highly Reliable Flexible Strain Sensor

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第10期42卷 1610-1618,I0016页

作者： Xin-Yu Chen Yu-Bing fu Xue-ling Yan Lan Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Lab of Guangdong Province for High Property and Functional Polymer MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China

Elastomers with high strength and toughness,excellent self-healing properties,and biocompatibility have broad application prospects in wearable electronics and other fields,but preparing it remains a *** this work,we propose a highly adaptable strategy by introducing the small molecule crosslinking agent of triethanolamine(TEA)to the poly(thioctic acid)(PTA)chains and preparing the PAx Ey elastomers using a simple synthesis *** strategy stabilizes the PTA chains by constructing multiple non-covalent cross-linked dynamic networks,endowing materials with excellent strength and toughness(tensile strength of 288 kPa,toughness of 278.2 kJ/m3),admirable self-healing properties(self-healing efficiency of 121.6%within 7 h at 70℃),and good *** PAx Ey elastomers can also be combined with MWNTs to become flexible strain sensors,which can be used to monitor human joint movements with high sensitivity,repeatable responses,and stability.

关键词： Thioctic acid Ion clusters Multiple dynamic networks Self-healing strengthening Flexible strain sensor

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Echo State Network Based on Improved Knowledge Distillation for Edge Intelligence

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 101-111页

作者： Jian ZHOU Yuwen JIANG Lijie XU Lu ZHAO fu xiao College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks

Echo state network(ESN) as a novel artificial neural network has drawn much attention from time series prediction in edge intelligence. ESN is slightly insufficient in long-term memory, thereby impacting the prediction performance. It suffers from a higher computational overhead when deploying on edge devices. We firstly introduce the knowledge distillation into the reservoir structure optimization, and then propose the echo state network based on improved knowledge distillation(ESN-IKD) for edge intelligence to improve the prediction performance and reduce the computational overhead. The model of ESN-IKD is constructed with the classic ESN as a student network, the long and short-term memory network as a teacher network, and the ESN with double loop reservoir structure as an assistant network. The student network learns the long-term memory capability of the teacher network with the help of the assistant network. The training algorithm of ESN-IKD is proposed to correct the learning direction through the assistant network and eliminate the redundant knowledge through the iterative pruning. It can solve the problems of error learning and redundant learning in the traditional knowledge distillation process. Extensive experimental simulation shows that ESN-IKD has a good time series prediction performance in both long-term and short-term memory, and achieves a lower computational overhead.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Training Performance evaluation Computational modeling Time series analysis Artificial neural networks Reservoirs

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Meta label associated loss for fine-grained visual recognition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 230-247页

作者： Yanchao LI fu xiao Hao LI Qun LI Shui YU School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Network Engineering Zhoukou Normal University School of Computer Science University of Technology Sydney

Recently, intensive attempts have been made to design robust models for fine-grained visual recognition, most notably are the impressive gains for training with noisy labels by incorporating a reweighting strategy into a meta-learning framework. However, it is limited to up or downweighting the contribution of an instance for label reweighting approaches in the learning process. To solve this issue, a novel noise-tolerant method with auxiliary web data is proposed. Specifically, first, the associations made from embeddings of well-labeled data with those of web data and back at the same class are measured. Next, its association probability is employed as a weighting fusion strategy into angular margin-based loss, which makes the trained model robust to noisy datasets. To reduce the influence of the gap between the well-labeled and noisy web data, a bridge schema is proposed via the corresponding loss that encourages the learned embeddings to be coherent. Lastly, the formulation is encapsulated into the meta-learning framework, which can reduce the overfitting of models and learn the network parameters to be noise-tolerant. Extensive experiments are performed on benchmark datasets, and the results clearly show the superiority of the proposed method over existing state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： label associated loss weighting noisy samples fine-grained visual recognition noise-tolerant learning meta-learning

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Towards rational design in electrochemical denitrification by analyzing pH dependence

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 223-232页

作者： Huan Li Dong Luan Jun Long xiaoyan fu Jianping xiao State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A small fraction of NOx（<1%） always exists in CO2feedstock（e.g. exhausted gas）, which can significantly reduce the efficiency of CO2electroreduction by ～30%. Hence, electrochemical denitrification is the precondi... 详细信息

A small fraction of NOx（further supported by more than 35 experiments over varying catalysts（Fe, Ni, Pd, Cu, Co, Pt and Ag）, partial pressures（20%, 50% and100%） and potentials（from -0.2 to 0.2 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode）. All in all, the insights herein overturn long-lasting views in the field of NO electroreduction and suggest that rational design should steer away from catalyst engineering toward reactor optimization.

关键词： electrocatalysis denitrification pH-dependence nitric oxide reduction reaction mechanism

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Energy modeling and optimization of building condenser water systems with all-variable speed pumps and tower fans:A case study

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Building Simulation 2024年第7期17卷 1085-1111页

作者： Yong Cao Chuang Wang Sheng Wang xiao fu Xinguo Ming School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Air-Conditioning Equipment and System Energy Conservation Zhuhai 519070China GREE Electric Appliances Inc.of ZhuhaiZhuhai 519070China School of Environment and Energy Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China Beijing Advanced Innovation Centerfor future Urban Design Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China

The emergence of building condenser water systems with all-variable speed pumps and tower fans allows for increased efficiency and flexibility of chiller plants in partial load operation but also increases the control complexity of condenser water *** study aims to develop an integrated modeling technique for evaluating and optimizing the energy performance of such a condenser water *** proposed system model is based on the semi-physical semi-empirical chiller,pump,and cooling tower models,with capabilities of fully considering the hydraulic and thermal interactions in the condenser water loop,being solved analytically and much faster than iterative solvers and supporting the explicit optimization of the pump and tower fan frequency.A mathematical approach,based on the system model and constrained optimization technique,is subsequently established to evaluate the energy performance of a typical dual setpoint-based variable speed strategy and find its energy-saving potential and most efficient operation by jointly optimizing pumps and tower *** all-variable speed chiller plant from Wuhan,China,is used for a case study to validate the system model’s accuracy and explore its *** results showed that the system model can accurately simulate the condenser water system’s performance under various operating *** optimizing the frequencies of pumps and tower fans,the total system energy consumption can be reduced by 12%–13%compared to the fixed dual setpoint-based strategy with range and approach setpoints of 4℃and 2℃.In contrast,the energy-saving potential of optimizing the cooling tower sequencing is insignificant.A simple joint speed control method for optimizing the pumps and tower fans emerged,i.e.,the optimal pump and fan frequency are linearly correlated(if both are non-extremes)and depend on the chiller part load ratio only,irrespective of the ambient wet-bulb temperature and chilled water supply *** was also foun

关键词： all-variable speed chiller plant model-based optimization hydraulic and thermal coupling analytical solution dual setpoint-based variable speed control optimal joint speed control

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Energy flexibility and resilience analysis of demand-side energy efficiency measures within existing residential houses during cold wave event

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Building Simulation 2024年第7期17卷 1043-1063页

作者： xiaoyi Zhang fu xiao Yanxue Li Yi Ran Weijun Gao Innovation Institute for Sustainable Maritime Architecture Research and Technology Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdaoChina Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Faculty of Environmental Engineering The Universityof KitakyushuKitakyushuJapan

Using the behind-meter data,this study applied a comparison and optimization-based framework to evaluate the energy flexibility and resilience of distributed energy resources within existing houses during cold wave *** analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of high envelope insulation level in improving energy resilience,identifies impacts of distributed energy resources on variations of household electricity ***,a 14.6%reduction in the median value of the normalized load of building group with low U-values,implementations of cogeneration system effectively suppressed variations of electricity *** energy performances of on-site generators are evaluated based on high resolution data,energy flexibility of domestic hot water and thermostatically controlled loads were investigated through built demand response *** reveal that electrifying hot water demand offers additional power flexibility,the integration of fuel cell cogeneration system has proven to be an efficient energy resource,enabling on-site generation of both electricity and hot water,substantially reducing grid *** extreme cold event resulted in significant spikes in space heating power *** optimization results demonstrate that reducing the indoor setpoint temperature effectively decreases daily power consumption by approximately 5.0%per degree *** findings help acquire better understanding of interconnections between energy efficiency and resilience of residential energy-efficient measures.

关键词： system modeling energy efficiency energy resilience cold wave thermal comfort

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