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Neuroprotective effects of naturally sourced bioactive polysaccharides: an update

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1907-1912页

作者： xiao-lan xu Song Li Rong Zhang Wei-Dong Le Department of Neurology Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences-Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina

Polysaccharides are macromolecular complexes that have various biological *** vivo and in vitro studies have shown that polysaccharides play neuroprotective roles through multiple mechanisms;consequently,they have potential in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative *** paper summarizes related research published during 2015-2020 and reviews advances in the understanding of the neuroprotective effects of bioactive *** review focuses on 15 bioactive polysaccharides from plants and fungi that have neuroprotective properties against oxidative stress,apoptosis,neuroinflammation,and excitatory amino acid toxicity mainly through the regulation of nuclear factor kappa-B,phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B,mitogen-activated protein kinase,nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2/hemeoxygenase-1,c-jun N-terminal kinase,protein kinase B-mammalian target of rapamycin,and reactive oxygen species-nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain,leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing 3 signaling *** bioactive polysaccharides have potential in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases because of their advantageous characteristics,including multi-targeting,low toxicity,and synergistic ***,most of the recent related research has focused on cell and animal *** randomized clinical trials involving large sample sizes are needed to validate the therapeutic benefits of these neuroprotective polysaccharides in patients having neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease apoptosis experimental research neurodegeneration neuroinflammation neuroprotective oxidative stress Parkinson’s disease polysaccharides protective mechanisms

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Photocatalytic oxidation of primary and secondary benzyl alcohol catalyzed by two coenzyme NAD^+ models

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2007年第12期18卷 1471-1475页

作者： Hua Jian xu xiao lan xu Yao Fu Yi Si Feng School of Chemical Engineering HeFei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China Department of Chemistry AnHui Medical University Hefei 230032 China Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

Photocatalytic oxidation of primary and secondary benzyl alcohol to corresponding benzaldehyde or acetophenone using Acr＋Cl04- or PhAcr＋Cl04- as photocatalysts under visible light irradiation at room temperature.

关键词： Photocatalyst Coenzyme NAD^+ model Benzyl alcohol Mechanism

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Does delaying ureteral stent placement lead to higher rates of preoperative acute pyelonephritis during pregnancy?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第3期10卷 802-810页

作者： Mao-Mao He xiao-Ting Lin Ming Lei xiao-lan xu Zhi-Hui He Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pregnancy with renal colic may cause pyelonephritis,decreased renal function,systemic infection and even shock in pregnant women,and cause premature birth and other adverse pregnancy *** surgery is necessary,the relationship between timing of the operation and the outcome of the mother and child are not *** To investigate the association between time to ureteral stent placement and clinical outcomes of patients with renal colic during *** In this retrospective study,pregnant women with renal colic who underwent surgery were *** preoperative acute pyelonephritis(PANP),pregnancy outcome,and length of hospital stay(LOS)were compared between the two *** 100 patients were included in the analysis,median age was 30 *** time to ureteral stent placement was 48 h(interquartile range,25-96 h),and 32 patients(32%)were diagnosed with *** was closely related to hospitalization costs,re-admission to the hospital due to urinary tract infection after surgery and premature *** analysis found that stone location and time from pain to admission were related to *** Both early and delayed surgery are safe and effective for the treatment of renal colic during *** surgery may be superior to a delayed procedure due to shorter *** pregnant patients with renal colic,delayed surgery within 48 h is not related to the clinical outcome of the mother and ***,the time from pain to hospital admission was related to PANP.

关键词： Renal colic Ureteral stent placement Acute pyelonephritis Pregnancy

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Diurnal macular choroidal area fluctuation in normal and primary open angle glaucoma groups

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第8期10卷 1233-1238页

作者： Mu Li Jin-Min Guo xiao-lan xu Jun-Ming Wang Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province China Department of Ultrasound Tongji Hospital Tongji MedicalCollege Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030 Hubei Province China

AIM： To assess and compare the diurnal macular choroidal area fluctuation in normal and primary open angle glaucoma （POAG） groups using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography （EDI-OCT）. METHODS： Twenty-eight normal and 27 POAG eyes were enrolled in this study. EDI-OCT was used to measure the macular choroidal area every 3h from 9：00 a.m. to 21：00 p.m. RESULTS： Significant diurnal fluctuations of macular choroidal area were observed in both normal （P=-0.003） and POAG groups （P〈0.001）. But no significant macular choroidal area difference has been found between the two groups at all the five measurement time-points （512778＋166242 vs 455079：1：207278 pm2, P=-0.195 at 9：00 a.m.; 501526168953 vs 447846.：211147 pm2, P=-0.245 at 12：00 a.m.; 501982＋173158 vs 448024#.206653 pm2, P=-0.239 at 15：00 p.m.; 508912＋174589 vs 457783＋-207081 pm2, P=-0.252 at 18：00 p.m.; 503787＋171241 vs 453230＋_205955 pm2, P=-0.274 at 21：00 p.m.; respectively）. Furthermore, neither the fluctuation manners nor the change in macular choroidal area between the two adjacent measurement time points showed significant difference between normal and POAG groups （all P〉0.05）. In the meantime, significant diurnal intraocular pressure fluctuations were also observed in normal and POAG groups （both P〈0.001）. CONCLUSION： In diurnal time, the macular choroidal area in both normal and POAG groups fluctuated significantly; moreover, neither the value of macular choroidal area, nor the fluctuation of macular choroidal area in POAG group is significantly different from that in normal group.

关键词： diurnal fluctuation macular choroidal area primary open angle glaucoma optical coherence tomography

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Anterior segment changes after pharmacologic mydriasis using Pentacam and optical coherence tomography in angle closure suspects

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第5期8卷 980-984页

作者： Jing-Min Guo Mu Li xiao-lan xu Hong Zhang Jun-Ming Wang Department of Ophthalmology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

AIM: To compare the dynamic changes of anterior segment parameters especially iris morphology induced by pharmacologic mydriasis between angle closure suspects and normal controls. METHODS: The study group comprised 19 eyes of 19 angle closure suspects and 19 eyes of 19 age- and sexmatched normal open-angle eyes. Pentacam and optical coherence tomography measurements before and 30min after instillation of compound tropicamide eye drop were performed and compared. Biometric evaluations of iris tomography and anterior chamber angle were estimated by a customized image-processing software. RESULTS: Baseline axial length, iris cross sectional area and volume did not differ significantly between angle closure suspects and normal controls. Angle closure suspects had smaller pupil size, narrower anterior segment dimension and axial length, thinner iris with greater curve in comparison with normal controls. Pharmacologic mydriasis led to significant increments in iris thickness at 750 mu m, anterior chamber depth and volume, whereas significant decrements in iris curve, cross sectional area and volume in both groups. Angle opening distance at 500 mu M was increased significantly in normal controls (from 0.465 +/- 0.115 mm to 0.539 +/- 0.167 mm, P=0.009), but not in angle closure suspects (from 0.125 0.100 mm to 0.145 +/- 0.131 mm, P=0.326). Iris volume change per millimeter of pupil dilation (Delta IV/Delta PD) decreased significantly less in angle closure suspects than normal controls (-2.47 +/- 1.33 mm(2) vs -3.63 +/- 1.58 mm(2), P=0.019). Linear regression analysis showed that the change of angle opening distance at 500 mu M was associated most with the change of central anterior chamber depth (beta= 0.841, P=0.002) and Delta IV/Delta PD (beta=0.028, P=0.002), followed by gender (beta=0. 062, P=0.032). CONCLUSION: Smaller iris volume decrement per millimeter of pupil dilation is related significantly with the less anterior angle opening in angle closure suspects after ph

关键词： pharmacologic mydriasis primary angle closure suspects anterior segment change iris volume

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Autologous sclera-muscle flaps technique in evisceration with hydroxyapatite implantation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第4期8卷 714-718页

作者： Ying Zhu Hong Zhang Yin-Wei Song Jing-Min Guo xiao-lan xu Jun-Ming Wang Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology

·AIM: To provide superior cosmetic results and reduce complications, unlike traditional evisceration coupled with implant insertion technique and its modifications,we have developed a novel and simple technique for anophthalmic patients.·METHODS: All patients who underwent the scleral-muscle flaps procedure in evisceration with the placement of hydroxyapatite implant were included in the study. Main outcome measures were complications such as exposure, infection, chemosis, conjunctival inclusion cysts, granulomas. Meanwhile, implant motility was indirectly measured and the results were collected and analyzed.· RESULTS: A total of twenty-eight patients were enrolled in the study. Eighteen were men(64.29%) and ten were women(35.71%). Ages ranged from 18 to 65y(mean age, 32 years old). Mean follow-up was 12.32mo(range, 9-16mo). All patients received a hydroxyapatite implant. The average diameter of the implant was 19.29 ±1.36 mm(range, 18-22 mm). Minor complications occurred in 3 patients, and a major complication was observed in 1 patient. Mean motility were 11.04 ±1.45 mm horizontally(range, 7-14 mm) and 8.57 ±1.50 mm vertically(range, 5-12 mm).·CONCLUSION: The sclera-muscle flaps technique in evisceration with hydroxyapatite implantation is simple and practical that eases the surgical procedure, enables a proper size hydroxyapatite implantation, distinctively reduces complications and provides superior surgery results, especially the motility of the implant.

关键词： sclera-muscle flaps hydroxyapatite implantation evisceration

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Ultrasound-based artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第38期28卷 5530-5546页

作者： Ji-Qiao Liu Jia-Yu Ren xiao-lan xu Li-Yan Xiong Yue-Xiang Peng xiao-Fang Pan Christoph F Dietrich Xin-Wu Cui Department of Medical Ultrasound Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound Wuhan Third HospitalTongren Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina Health Medical Department Dalian Municipal Central HospitalDalian 116000Liaoning ProvinceChina Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin Kliniken Hirslanden Beau SiteSalem und PermanenceBern 3003Switzerland

Artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning, is gaining extensive attentionfor its excellent performance in medical image analysis. It can automatically makea quantitative assessment of complex medical images and help doctors to makemore accurate diagnoses. In recent years, AI based on ultrasound has been shownto be very helpful in diffuse liver diseases and focal liver lesions, such asanalyzing the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver and the stage of liver fibrosis,identifying benign and malignant liver lesions, predicting the microvascularinvasion of hepatocellular carcinoma, curative transarterial chemoembolizationeffect, and prognoses after thermal ablation. Moreover, AI based on endoscopicultrasonography has been applied in some gastrointestinal diseases, such asdistinguishing gastric mesenchymal tumors, detection of pancreatic cancer andintraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, and predicting the preoperative tumordeposits in rectal cancer. This review focused on the basic technical knowledgeabout AI and the clinical application of AI in ultrasound of liver and gastroenterologydiseases. Lastly, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of AI.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Ultrasound Liver Gastroenterology Deep learning

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Efficacy and safety of tamsulosin for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia： a meta analysis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第2期000卷 234-238页

作者： REN Rui-min KOU Min lan xiao-xu Department of Surgery Hospital of Tianjin Port Tianjin 300456 China Department of Nephrology Hospital of Tianjin Port Tianjin 300456 China Department of Urology Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China

Background Pharmacological therapy has been considered as the first-line treatment for patients with uncomplicated benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH）. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin compared with a placebo for treating BPH. Methods The randomized placebo-controlled trials （RCT） of tamsulosin for the treatment of BPH from all over the world were searched. PubMed, Ovid, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, CBM, and CNKI were searched, as well as a manual search of four Chinese journals： Chinese Journal of Andrology, National Journal of Andrology, Chinese Journal of Urology, and Journal of Clinical Urologywas also performed. Two reviewers independently screened the studies for eligibility, evaluated the quality and extracted the data from the eligible studies, with confirmation by cross-checking. Divergences of opinions were settled by discussion. Meta-analysis was processed by Rev Man 5.0 software, fail-safe number was performed by SASS.0 software. Results Seven RCTs involving 2455 men met the inclusion criteria. The basic characteristics of patients were comparable in all the studies. Comparing three common criteria： international prostate symptom score （IPSS）/Boyarsky symptom score, maximum flow rate （MFR）, quality of life （QOL）, tamsulosin was better than placebo at improving IPSS and MFR, with no significant difference in the QOL. Adverse events of tamsulosin also showed no significant difference from the placebo group （Z=1.62, P=0.10, OR=1.22, 95% Cl 0.96-1.54）. Conclusions Tamsulosin is better than placebo at improving IPSS and MFR. Adverse events of tamsuloisn show no significant difference compared with placebo. More high quality trials with larger samples and longer follow-up are proposed.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia, tamsulosin meta-analysis fail-safe number

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A Case of Cerebral Fat Embolism

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第14期129卷 1761-1762页

作者： xiao-lan xu Peng xu Rui-Qiang Zheng Hua Lin Qi-Hong Chen Department of Intensive Care Medicine Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou Jiangsu 225001 China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou Jiangsu 225001 China

To the Editor： The symptoms of cerebral fat embolism （CFE） are often a triad of acute respiratory failure, unconsciousness, and petechial rash after a symptom-free interval of 12-24 h following trauma. Although cases of CFE have been reported since the 1960s, to our knowledge, a few reports have discussed the beneficial effects of corticosteroids for CFE treatment though corticosteroids are generally believed to have preventative effects. Here, we report a case of CFE in a 63-year-old woman who had fractures of the right tibia and fibula without cranial trauma. We gave her intravenous injections of dexamethasone lbr 11 days starting from the 1th day of trauma, and the patient experienced good recovery.

关键词：创伤和损伤地塞米松呼吸功能不全肾上腺皮质激素类世界卫生组织栓塞脂肪意识丧失疹

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Changes in electroencephalography and sleep architecture as potential electrical biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第6期134卷 662-664页

作者： Hang Yu Man-Li Wang xiao-lan xu Rong Zhang Wei-Dong Le Department of Neurology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan 610072China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia and mental *** main pathological changes of AD are the accumulation of amyloidβ(Aβ)and phosphorylated *** the increase in the aging population,the prevalence among adults aged≥60 years will be growing from 5.4%(2015)to 6.7%(2050)in China.[1]At the present stage,the diagnosis of AD is primarily based on the long term clinical ***-imaging and invasive cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)measurement of Aβand tau may help making a differential diagnosis,but the cost to conduct these examinations is high and they are only applicable for the middle to late stages of the disease.

关键词： diagnosis Alzheimer Aβ tau

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