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养老金自动调整机制:理论逻辑、国际经验与政策选择

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上海经济研究 2024年第9期 69-79页

作者：肖严华左学金上海社会科学院经济研究所 200020

目前我国正处于人口转变的关键时期,一方面体现在人口数量上,我国已经连续两年出现人口负增长;另一方面体现在人口结构上,超低的人口总和生育率加剧了人口少子化和老龄化。人口加速老龄化叠加退休潮,直接冲击我国基本养老金的可持续性... 详细信息

目前我国正处于人口转变的关键时期,一方面体现在人口数量上,我国已经连续两年出现人口负增长;另一方面体现在人口结构上,超低的人口总和生育率加剧了人口少子化和老龄化。人口加速老龄化叠加退休潮,直接冲击我国基本养老金的可持续性。养老金自动调整机制是应对这类冲击的最佳措施之一。本文通过理论机制分析,借鉴德国公共养老金自动调整机制的“可持续因子”、日本的“宏观经济指数”和芬兰的“工资物价因子”的经验,提出了建立我国基本养老金自动调整机制的政策选择,包括建立基本养老金自动调整机制的基本原则、确定初始基础养老金的政策选择(完善现行基础养老金待遇计发公式、引入养老金积分制以强化激励机制)、建立基本养老金自动调整公式以确定基本养老金增长率的政策选择(引入宏观经济指数、引入可持续因子),以供相关决策部门参考。

关键词：基本养老金自动调整机制理论逻辑国际经验政策选择

混合施肥对玉米生产和土壤生态的影响研究进展

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玉米科学 2024年第5期32卷 96-104页

作者：赵新颖张淑莹肖丹刘迎春滕星肖艳华吉林省农业科学院长春130033 吉林省动物疫病预防控制中心长春130062

过量的化肥投入对增产的作用已经不明显,如何提高肥料利用率,如何在稳产的同时提高耕地质量,确保农业可持续发展,已成为国家农业战略调整行动方案的主要内容。梳理秸秆、粪污、新型有机肥料和化肥施用对我国玉米种植的应用研究现状,就... 详细信息

过量的化肥投入对增产的作用已经不明显,如何提高肥料利用率,如何在稳产的同时提高耕地质量,确保农业可持续发展,已成为国家农业战略调整行动方案的主要内容。梳理秸秆、粪污、新型有机肥料和化肥施用对我国玉米种植的应用研究现状,就化肥减施条件下各有机措施和化肥的混合施肥对玉米生产和农田土壤的研究成果进行综述。在技术和政策层面,提出以提高耕地综合生产力为目标,依靠技术引领肥料高效利用,按照增产潜力做好区域性的施肥管理建议,粪污无害化处置后的有机肥应纳入当地政府还田实施项目中的优先采购产品,促进本地循环农业良性发展。

关键词：玉米混合施肥有机肥化肥减施秸秆品质

DSC and NMR Study on the Inclusion Complex of Lappaconitine with b-Cyclodextrin

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2002年第3期13卷 227-230页

作者： Kai Jun LIAO xiao hua yan Dong Yun ZHAO Xue Yi MA Department of Chemistry National Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000

The inclusion complex of lappaconitine (Lap) with b-cyclodextrin (b-CD) has been studied by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and 1H-NMR, 2D-NMR spectroscopy. The structure of the complex has been deduced.

关键词： Aconitum delphinium lappaconitine b-cyclodextrin inclusion complex DSC NMR.

Baicalin protects neonatal rat brains against hypoxicischemic injury by upregulating glutamate transporter 1 via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第10期12卷 1625-1631页

作者： Zhi-qing Zhou Yong-liang Li Zhen-bo Ao Zhi-li Wen Qi-wen Chen Zheng-gang huang Bing xiao xiao-hua yan Department of Pediatrics the Second People's Hospital of Huaihua CityHuaihuaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Ontology the Second People's Hospital of Huaihua CityHuaihuaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology'the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University NanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina

Baicalin is a flavonoid compound extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis *** evidence indicates that baicalin is neuroprotective in models of ischemic ***,we investigate the neuroprotective effect of baicalin in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic-ischemic ***-day-old pups underwent left common carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia（8% oxygen at 37°C） for 2 hours,before being injected with baicalin（120 mg/kg intraperitoneally） and examined 24 hours *** effectively reduced cerebral infarct volume and neuronal loss,inhibited apoptosis,and upregulated the expression of p-Akt and glutamate transporter *** injection of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3 K/Akt） inhibitor LY294002 30 minutes before injury blocked the effect of baicalin on p-Akt and glutamate transporter 1,and weakened the associated neuroprotective *** findings provide the first evidence,to our knowledge that baicalin can protect neonatal rat brains against hypoxic-ischemic injury by upregulating glutamate transporter 1 via the PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway.

关键词： nerve regeneration baicalin hypoxia ischemia PI3K/Akt signaling pathway glutamate transporter 1 excitotoxicity neonatal rats apoptosis neural regeneration

Characterizing leaf-deposited particles: Single-particle mass spectral analysis and comparison with naturally fallen particles

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 318-328页

作者： Dele Chen hua-Yun xiao Ningxiao Sun Jingli yan Shan Yin School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan Rd.Shanghai 200240China Shanghai yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station Ministry of Science and TechnologyMinistry of Education800 Dongchuan Rd.Shanghai 200240China Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station National Forestry and Grassland Administration800 Dongchuan Rd.Shanghai 200240China

The size and composition of particulate matter(PM)are pivotal in determining its adverse health *** is important to understand PM's retention by plants to facilitate its atmospheric ***,the distinctions between the size and composition of naturally fallen PM(NFPM)and leaf-deposited PM(LDPM)are not *** we utilize a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer,coupled with a PM resuspension chamber,to analyze these *** find that LDPM particles are 6.8 e97.3%larger than *** a neural network algorithm based on adaptive resonance theory,we have identified distinct compositional profiles:NFPM predominantly consists of organic carbon(OC;31.2%)and potassium-rich components(19.1%),whereas LDPM are largely composed of crustal species(53.9e60.6%).Interestingly,coniferous species retain higher OC content(11.5e13.7%)compared to broadleaved species(0.5e1.2%),while the levoglucosan content exhibit an opposite *** study highlights the active role of tree leaves in modifying PM composition beyond mere passive capture,advocating for a strategic approach to species selection in urban greening initiatives to enhance PM *** insights provide guidance for urban planners and environmentalists in implementing nature-based solutions to improve urban air quality.

关键词： Particulate matter Dry deposition Phytoremediation Size distribution Chemical composition Source apportionment

Breaking the efficiency limitations of dissipative Kerr solitons using nonlinear couplers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 88-94页

作者： Ming Li xiao-xiao Xue yan-Lei Zhang Xin-Biao Xu Chun-hua Dong Guang-Can Guo Chang-Ling Zou CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Centerfor Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084China

Dissipative Kerr solitons(DKS) have long been suffering from poor power conversion efficiency when driven by continuous-wave lasers. By deriving the critical coupling condition of a multimode nonlinear optics system in a generalized theoretical framework,two efficiency limitations of the conventional pump method of DKS are revealed: the effective coupling rate is too small and is also power-dependent. A general approach is provided to resolve this challenge by introducing two types of nonlinear couplers to couple the soliton cavity and CW input through nonlinear processes. The collective coupler opens multiple coupling channels and the self-adaptive coupler builds a power-independent effective external coupling rate to the DKS for approaching the generalized critical coupling condition, which promises near-unity power conversion efficiencies. For instance, a conversion efficiency exceeding 90% is predicted for aluminum nitride microrings with a nonlinear coupler utilizing second-harmonic generation. The mechanism applies to various nonlinear processes, including Raman and Brillouin scattering, and thus paves the way for micro-solitons toward practical applications.

关键词： Kerr frequency comb conversion efficiency nonlinear coupler

Associations between Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index,bone mineral density and body composition in type 2 diabetes patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 403-417页

作者： xiao-xiao Zhu Kai-Feng Yao Hai-yan huang Li-hua Wang Department of Pediatrics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityFirst People’s Hospital of Nantong CityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Nursing The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityFirst People’s Hospital of Nantong CityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityFirst People’s Hospital of Nantong CityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),a fast-growing issue in public health,is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders in older *** and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in T2DM patients and may result in fractures and *** people with T2DM,the association between nutrition,sarcopenia,and osteoporosis has rarely been *** To evaluate the connections among nutrition,bone mineral density(BMD)and body composition in patients with *** We enrolled 689 patients with T2DM for this cross-sectional *** patients underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)examination and were categorized according to baseline Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index(GNRI)values calculated from serum albumin levels and body *** GNRI was used to evaluate nutritional status,and DXA was used to investigate BMD and body *** forward linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with BMD and skeletal muscle mass *** Of the total patients,394 were men and 295 were *** with patients in tertile 1,those in tertile 3 who had a high GNRI tended to be younger and had lower HbA1c,higher BMD at all bone sites,and higher appendicular skeletal muscle index(ASMI).These important trends persisted even when the patients were divided into younger and older *** GNRI was positively related to ASMI(men:r=0.644,P<0.001;women:r=0.649,P<0.001),total body fat(men:r=0.453,P<0.001;women:r=0.557,P<0.001),BMD at all bone sites,lumbar spine(L1-L4)BMD(men:r=0.110,P=0.029;women:r=0.256,P<0.001),FN-BMD(men:r=0.293,P<0.001;women:r=0.273,P<0.001),and hip BMD(men:r=0.358,P<0.001;women:r=0.377,P<0.001).After adjustment for other clinical parameters,the GNRI was still significantly associated with BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral ***,a low lean mass index and higherβ-collagen special sequence were associated with low BMD at all bone *** was negatively correlated with

关键词： Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index Bone mineral density Skeletal muscle mass Type 2 diabetes

Metamorphic P-T conditions and ages of garnet-biotite schists in the Dahongshan Group from the southwestern yangtze Block

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 707-718页

作者： Jun-xiao Ma Guang-shu yang Yong-feng yan xiao-Fei Xu Yun-hua Ren Hui Zhao xiao-jun Zheng Yuan Qin Faculty of Land Resources Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Geological Team 306 of Yunnan Non-Ferrous Metals Geological Bureau Kunming 650217China Yunnan Provincial Bureau of Non-Ferrous Geology Kunming 650051China

The Dahongshan Group,situated at the southwestern margin of the yangtze Block,represents a geological unit characterized by relatively high-grade metamorphism in the *** paper investigates the garnet-biotite schist from the Laochanghe Formation of the Dahongshan Group,employing an integrated approach that includes petrological analysis,phase equilibrium modeling,and zircon U-Pb *** schist is mainly composed of garnet,biotite,plagioclase,quartz,rutile,and *** equilibrium modeling revealed the peak metamorphic conditions of 8-9 kbar and 635-675°*** further integrating the prograde metamorphic profile of garnet and geothermobarometric results,a clockwise P-T metamorphic evolution path is constructed,which includes an increase in temperature and pressure during the prograde ***-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and zircon Ti thermometry constrains the post-peak metamorphic age of 831.2±7.2 *** with previously reported results,it is revealed that the southwestern margin of the yangtze Block experienced a large-scale regional metamorphism during the Neoproterozoic(890-750 Ma),which is related to the collisional orogenic *** may be associated with the late-stage assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent or with local compression and subduction processes during the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent.

关键词： Southwestern yangtze Block Dahongshan Group Phase equilibrium modeling Zircon U-Pb dating Neoproterozoic metamorphism

Correlation between pre-anesthesia anxiety and emergence agitation in non-small cell lung cancer surgery patients

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 930-937页

作者： Fen yan Li-hua Yuan xiao He Kai-Feng Yu Department of Anesthesiology Wuhan Pulmonary HospitalWuhan Institute for Tuberculosis ControlWuhan 430000Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Preoperative anxiety is a common emotional problem during the perioperative period and may adversely affect postoperative *** agitation(EA)is a common complication of general anesthesia that may increase patient discomfort and hospital stay and may be associated with the development of postoperative ***-anesthetic anxiety may be associated with the development of EA,but studies in this area are *** To determine the relationship between pre-anesthetic anxiety and EA after radical surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).METHODS Eighty patients with NSCLC undergoing surgical treatment between June 2020 and June 2023 were conveniently *** used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale’s(HADS)anxiety subscale(HADS-A)to determine patients’anxiety at four time points(T1-T4):Patients’preoperative visit,waiting period in the surgical waiting room,after entering the operating room,and before anesthesia induction,*** Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale(RSAS)examined EA after *** plots of HADS-A and RSAS scores assessed the correlation between patients’pre-anesthesia anxiety status and *** performed a partial correlation analysis of HADS-A scores with RSAS *** NSCLC patients’HADS-A scores gradually increased at the four time points:7.33±2.03 at T1,7.99±2.22 at T2,8.05±2.81 at T3,and 8.36±4.17 at *** patients’postoperative RSAS score was 4.49±1.18,and 27 patients scored≥5,indicating that 33.75%patients had ***-A scores at T3 and T4 were significantly higher in patients with EA(9.67±3.02 vs 7.23±2.31,12.56±4.10 vs 6.23±2.05,P<0.001).Scatter plots showed the highest correlation between HADS-A and RSAS scores at T3 and *** correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between HADS-A and RSAS scores at T3 and T4(r=0.296,0.314,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Agitation during anesthesia recovery in patients undergoing radical resection for NSCLC correlated with anxie

关键词： Non-small cell lung cancer Operative treatment Anesthesiology department Pre-anesthetic anxiety Emergence agitation Correlation study