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不同产地‘晋谷21’小米品质特性差异研究

山西农业大学学报(自然科学版) 2025年第1期45卷 61-72页

作者：田翔郑婷婷郭伟乔治军刁现民山西农业大学农业基因资源研究中心山西太原030031 农业农村部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室山西太原030031 山西农业大学农学院山西晋中030801 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所北京100081

[目的]探明不同生态环境小米在营养及加工等品质方面的差异,有利于实现优质谷子品种的合理布局,改良小米品质。[方法]以山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃、北京的24个产地种植的谷子品种‘晋谷21’去壳后所得小米为材料,对其营养组分、淀粉糊化... 详细信息

[目的]探明不同生态环境小米在营养及加工等品质方面的差异,有利于实现优质谷子品种的合理布局,改良小米品质。[方法]以山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃、北京的24个产地种植的谷子品种‘晋谷21’去壳后所得小米为材料,对其营养组分、淀粉糊化特性及小米粥、小米饭质构特性进行对比分析,并运用灰色关联分析评价法对其营养组分进行综合评价。[结果]不同产地的‘晋谷21’小米间纤维素和灰分含量变异系数最大,黄色素、脂肪、蛋白质、直链淀粉含量也存在较大差异,24个产地的‘晋谷21’小米淀粉及蛋白质含量整体较高。不同产地间小米粥浓稠度差异较大,小米饭蒸煮品质各有差异,小米凝聚力差异不大,表现出较好的一致性。山西临县和陕西的志丹、定边、米脂的小米崩解值高于其它产地;山西临县、北京延庆、陕西定边的小米回生值明显高于其它产地。灰色关联分析结果显示,各营养成分的权重表现为淀粉含量>蛋白质含量>脂肪含量>黄色素含量>直链淀粉含量>纤维素含量>灰分含量,各产地间的关联度较为接近,其综合品质相差不大。其中,山西兴县的‘晋谷21’与理想品种最为接近,综合品质最好;山西汾阳的‘晋谷21’与理想品种相差最大。[结论]生态环境对‘晋谷21’小米品质影响较大,且对多种营养组分影响较大。除基因筛选方法外,还可通过生态环境条件改善培育优良谷子品种。

关键词：小米产地差异品质特性灰色关联分析

维普期刊数据库博看期刊

Molecular mechanisms of stress resistance in sorghum: Implications for crop improvement strategies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 741-768页

作者： Hongxiang Zheng Yingying Dang xianmin diao Na Sui Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress/College of life Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salt, extreme temperatures, and heavy metal pollution, are the main environmental factors that limit crop growth and yield. Sorghum, a C4 grass plant with high photosynthetic efficiency, can grow in adverse environmental conditions due to its excellent stress resistance characteristics. Therefore, unraveling the stress-resistance mechanism of sorghum could provide a theoretical basis for developing and cultivating various stress-resistant crops. This understanding could also help to create a conducive environment for using marginal soil in agriculture and ensuring food security. In this review, we discuss the adaptation mechanisms of sorghum under drought, salinity, temperature, and soil heavy metal stresses, the specific response to stress, the screening of sorghum-resistant germplasm, and the identification and functional analysis of the relevant genes and quantitative trait loci(QTL). In addition, we discuss the application potential of different stress-tolerant sorghum germplasms reported to date and emphasize the feasibility and potential use in developing and promoting highly stress-tolerant sorghum in marginal soil.

关键词： abiotic stress C4 plants QTL sorghum stress resistance yield stability

Salt stress responses in foxtail millet:Physiological and molecular regulation

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The Crop Journal 2023年第4期11卷 1011-1021页

作者： Changai Wu Meng Zhang Yifan Liang Lei Zhang xianmin diao State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Engineering Center of Saline-alkali Soil Plant-microbial Joint RestorationShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.),a member of the Paniceae family,is a temperate and tropical grass species that is widely cultivated on the Eurasian *** is Chinese in origin and possesses a small genome,short growth cycle,and strong natural abiotic stress *** the mechanism of millet tolerance to salt stress is becoming increasingly important with increasing soil salinization limiting crop *** responses and mechanisms of tolerance to salt stress from other model plants such as Arabidopsis and rice,were compared with those from foxtail millet to summarize current research on responses to salt *** processes are involved in these processes,including physiological reactions,sensing,signaling,and control at the transcriptional,post-transcriptional,and epigenetic *** increase crop productivity and agricultural sustainability,a variety of technologies can be used to investigate how salt tolerance is mediated by physiological and molecular processes in foxtail millet.

关键词： Foxtail millet Salinity Physiological responses Molecular regulation Crop productivity

Retrotransposon-mediated DELLA transcriptional reprograming underlies semi-dominant dwarfism in foxtail millet

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The Crop Journal 2019年第4期7卷 458-468页

作者： Meicheng Zhao Hui Zhi Xue Zhang Guanqing Jia xianmin diao Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China Center for Agricultural Research Resources Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050021 Hebei China

Retrotransposons account for a large proportion of the genome and genomic variation, and play key roles in creating novel genes and diversifying the genome in many eukaryotic species. Although retrotransposons are abundant in plants, their roles had been underestimated because of a lack of research. Here, we characterized a gibberellin Acid (GA)-insensitive dwarf mutant, 84133, in foxtail millet. Map-based cloning revealed a 5.5-kb Copia-like retrotransposon insertion in DWARF1 (D1), which encodes a DELLA protein. Transcriptional analysis showed that the Copia retrotransposon mediated the transcriptional reprogramming of D1 leading to a novel N-terminal-deleted truncated DELLA transcript that was putatively driven by Copia's LTR, namely D1-TT, and another chimeric transcript. The presence of D1-TT was confirmed by protein immunodetection analysis. Furthermore, D1-TT protein was resistant to GA3 treatment compared with the intact DELLA protein due to its inability to interact with the GA receptor, SiGID1. Overexpression of D1-TT in foxtail millet resulted in dwarf plants, confirming that it determines the dwarfism of 84133. Thus, our study documents a rare instance of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon-mediated transcriptional reprograming in the plant kingdom. These results shed light on the function of LTR retrotransposons in generating new gene functions and genetic diversity.

关键词： Retrotransposon Transcriptional reprogramming DELLA Dwarf breeding Foxtail millet (Setaria italica)

Overexpression of a BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 homolog attenuates drought tolerance by suppressing the expression of PLETHORA-LIKE 1 in Setaria italica

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The Crop Journal 2021年第5期9卷 1208-1213页

作者： Zhiying Zhao Sha Tang Wei Li Xiaorui Yang Ruiju Wanga xianmin diao Wenqiang Tang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell SignalingHebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024HebeiChina Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Foxtail Millet Improvement Center of China Institute of Millet CropsHebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry ScienceShijiazhuang 050031HebeiChina College of Bioscience&Bioengineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018HebeiChina

Two potential BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1) homologs were downregulated by brassinosteroids(BRs) in Setaria italica *** analysis showed that BR regulates the dephosphorylation and nuclear localization of Si BZR1 and that Si BZR1 binds conserved BZR1-recognizing cis *** comparison with the wild type,Si BZR1-overexpressing *** seedlings were more sensitive to BR-inhibited primary root growth and drought stress,indicating that Si BZR1 is a positive regulator of BR signaling and a negative regulator of drought tolerance in ***-LIKE 1 (Si PLT-L1) was found to be a direct target gene of Si BZR1 in *** *** expression of Si PLT-L1 was downregulated by Si *** PLT-L1-overexpressing *** was less sensitive to BR-inhibited root growth and more tolerant to drought stress,possibly owing to the upregulation of drought-inducible Dehydrin-family genes.

关键词： SiBZR1 SiPLT-L1 Brassinosteroids Drought tolerance Foxtail millet

The m^(6)A reader SiYTH1 enhances drought tolerance by affecting the messenger RNA stability of genes related to stomatal closure and reactive oxygen species scavenging in Setaria italica

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第12期65卷 2569-2586页

作者： Weiwei Luo Yuxiang Tang Shenglan Li Linlin Zhang Yuwei Liu Renliang Zhang xianmin diao Jingjuan Yu State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193 China College of Life Sciences Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001 China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081 China

Foxtail millet(Setaria italica),a vital drought-resistant crop,plays a significant role in ensuring food and nutritional ***,its drought resistance mechanism is not fully understood.N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification of RNA,a prevalent epi-transcriptomic modification in eukaryotes,provides a binding site for m^(6)A readers and affects plant growth and stress responses by regulating RNA *** this study,we unveiled that the YT521-B homology(YTH)family gene SiYTH1 positively regulated the drought tolerance of foxtail ***,the siyth1 mutant exhibited reduced stomatal closure and augmented accumulation of excessive H_(2)O_(2)under drought *** investigations demonstrated that SiYTH1 positively regulated the transcripts harboring m^(6)A modification related to stomatal closure and reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging under drought ***1 was uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm of SiYTH1-GFP transgenic foxtail *** formed dynamic liquid-like SiYTH1 cytosol condensates in response to drought ***,the cytoplasmic protein SiYTH1 was identified as a distinct m^(6)A reader,facilitating the stabilization of its directly bound SiARDP and ROS scavenging-related transcripts under drought ***,natural variation analysis revealed SiYTH1AGTG as the dominant allele responsible for drought tolerance in foxtail ***,this study provides novel insights into the intricate mechanism of m^(6)A reader-mediated drought tolerance and presents a valuable genetic resource for improving drought tolerance in foxtail millet breeding.

关键词： drought stress mRNA stability N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)reader phase separation SiYTH1 Setaria italica

Initiation of Setaria as a model plant

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014年第1期1卷 16-20页

作者： xianmin diao James SCHNABLE Jeffrey LBENNETZEN Jiayang LI Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Departments of Genetics University of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA and Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwestern ChinaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650000China Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081China

Model organisms such as Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)and rice(Oryza sativa)have proven essential for efficient scientific discovery and development of new *** the diversity of plant lineages,some important processes such as C4 photosynthesis are not found in either Arabidopsis or rice,so new model species are *** to their small diploid genomes,short life cycles,self-pollination,small adult statures and prolific seed production,domesticated foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and its wild ancestor,green foxtail(***),have recently been proposed as novel model species for functional genomics of the Panicoideae,especially for study of C4 *** review outlines the development of these species as model organisms,and discusses current challenges and future potential of a Setaria model.

关键词： Setaria foxtail millet C4 photosynthesis model organism

Identification of no pollen 1 provides a candidate gene for heterosis utilization in foxtail millet(Setaria italica L.)

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The Crop Journal 2021年第6期9卷 1309-1319页

作者： Wei Zhang Hui Zhi Sha Tang Haoshan Zhang Yi Sui Guanqing Jia Chuanyin Wu xianmin diao Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Male sterility is a common biological phenomenon in plant kingdom and has been used to generate male-sterile lines, which are important genetic resources for commercial hybrid seed production. Although increasing numbers of male-sterility genes have been identified in rice(Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana), few male-sterility-related genes have been characterized in foxtail millet(Setaria italica). In this study, we isolated a male-sterile ethyl methanesulfonate-generated mutant in foxtail millet, no pollen 1(sinp1), which displayed abnormal Ubisch bodies, defective pollen exine and complete male sterility. Using bulk segregation analysis, we cloned SiNP1 and confirmed its function with CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. SiNP1 encoded a putative glucose-methanol-choline *** localization showed that the SiNP1 protein was preferentially localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and was predominantly expressed in panicle. Transcriptome analysis revealed that many genes were differentially expressed in the sinp1 mutant, some of which encoded proteins putatively involved in carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and lipid transport and metabolism, which were closely associated with pollen wall development. Metabolome analysis revealed the disturbance of flavonoids metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis in the mutant. In conclusion, identification of SiNP1 provides a candidate male-sterility gene for heterosis utilization in foxtail millet and gives further insight into the mechanism of pollen reproduction in plants.

关键词： Foxtail millet Setaria italica Male sterile No pollen 1 CRISPR/Cas9 Hybrid breeding

Identification and characterization of a no-grain mutant(nog1)in foxtail millet

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第12期23卷 4263-4266页

作者： Hui Zhang Hui Zhi Di Yuan Hongkai Liang Wei Zhang Guanqing Jia xianmin diao State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Zhongyuan Research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesXinxiang 453500China

Increasing crop grain yields is an urgent global priority due to population growth,shrinking arable land,and severe climate change in recent years(Tang et al.2023).Unraveling the process of panicle development is crucial for enhancing the grain yield of cereal *** the development of rice panicles,the inflorescence meristem(IM)gives rise to two types of lateral branch meristems(BMs):primary branch meristem(pBM)and secondary branch meristem(sBM).The pBM generates sBM and spikelet meristems(SMs),and the sBM further differentiates into more SMs(Zhang and Yuan 2014).

关键词： panicle grain branch