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GenAI4Sustainability:GPT and Its Potentials For Achieving UN’s Sustainable Development Goals

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第12期10卷 2179-2182页

作者： Rui Wang Chaojie li Xiangyu Li Rong Deng Zhaoyang Dong IEEE the School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications UNSWNSW 2052AU the School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering UNSWNSW 2052AU the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AveSingapore

SINCE 2015,17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)have been understood as more promising blueprints for a peaceful,prosperous,and sustainable future[1]which are formulated to seek a framework to address global challeng... 详细信息

关键词： inequality pollution formulated

Side-channel attack-resistant AES S-box with hidden subfield inversion and glitch-free masking

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Journal of Semiconductors 2021年第3期42卷 60-65页

作者： Xiangyu Li Pengyuan Jiao Chaoqun Yang Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing 100084China School of Applied Science Beijing Information Science and Technology UniversityBeijing 100192China

A side-channel attack(SCA)-resistant AES S-box implementation is proposed,which is an improvement from the power-aware hiding(PAH)S-box but with higher security and a smaller area.We use the composite field approach and apply the PAH method to the inversion in the nonlinear kernel and a masking method to the other parts.In addition,a delaymatched enable control technique is used to suppress glitches in the masked parts.The evaluation results show that its area is contracted to 63.3%of the full PAH S-box,and its power-delay product is much lower than that of the masking implementation.The leakage assessment using simulation power traces concludes that it has no detectable leakage under t-test and that it at least can thwart the moment-correlation analysis using 665000 noiseless traces.

关键词： ASIC side-channel attack AES S-box power-aware hiding glitch-free

Fourth-order phase-field modeling for brittle fracture in piezoelectric materials

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 837-856页

作者： Yu TAN Fan PENG Chang liU Daiming PENG Xiangyu Li State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Science Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Applied Mechanics and Structure Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Failure analyses of piezoelectric structures and devices are of engineering and scientific significance.In this paper,a fourth-order phase-field fracture model for piezoelectric solids is developed based on the Hamilton principle.Three typical electric boundary conditions are involved in the present model to characterize the fracture behaviors in various physical situations.A staggered algorithm is used to simulate the crack propagation.The polynomial splines over hierarchical T-meshes(PHT-splines)are adopted as the basis function,which owns the C1continuity.Systematic numerical simulations are performed to study the influence of the electric boundary conditions and the applied electric field on the fracture behaviors of piezoelectric materials.The electric boundary conditions may influence crack paths and fracture loads significantly.The present research may be helpful for the reliability evaluation of the piezoelectric structure in the future applications.

关键词： isogeometric analysis(IGA) brittle fracture fourth-order phase-field model piezoelectric solid

Preparation of Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+),Zr^(4+)ions co-doped strontium aluminate/molybdate multi-optical functional hybrid pigments for anti-counterfeiting

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第5期41卷 639-648,I0001页

作者： Haitao Lv Yanmin Wang Zhidong Pan Xiangyu Li Yehong Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Materials Science and Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)and Zr_(4+)ions co-doped strontium aluminate(i.e.,SrAl_(2)O_(4):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+),Zr_(4+))/molybdate(i.e.,Ho2MoO6or Nd2MoO6)with photo-/mechano-luminescence and allochroic effect as multi-optical functional hybrid pigments were prepared via solid state reactions and subsequent mixing.The phosphor and hybrid pigments were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,L*a*b*color scale analysis,spectrophotometry and mechanoluminescent measurement.The results show that the optimum luminescent emission intensity of SrAl_(2)O_(4):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+),Zr_(4+)phosphor can be obtained when 5 mol%Zr_(4+)ions is doped into the lattice.Under the excitation of 365 nm wavelength,the hybrid pigments prepared with the phosphor and molybdate at a mass ratio of 1:1 present a green broad band emission located at 460-650 nm due to 4f65d1→4f7transitions of Eu^(2+)ions.The hybrid pigments have the superior mechanoluminescent property and emit light after being exerted by mechanical stresses.Besides,the hybrid pigments also exhibit an allochroic effect under different illuminants.In addition,the anti-counterfeiting of the hybrid pigments as a promising application was also presented.

关键词： Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+),Zr^(4+)-co-doped strontium aluminate Molybdate Hybrid pigment Mechanoluminescence Allochroiceffect Rareearths

SWG: an architecture for sparse weight gradient computation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 302-321页

作者： Weiwei WU Fengbin TU Xiangyu Li Shaojun WEI Shouyi YIN School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

On-device training for deep neural networks(DNN) has become a trend due to various user preferences and scenarios. The DNN training process consists of three phases, feedforward(FF), backpropagation(BP), and weight gradient(WG) update. WG takes about one-third of the computation in the whole training process. Current training accelerators usually ignore the special computation property of WG and process it in a way similar to FF/BP. Besides, the extensive data sparsity existing in WG, which brings opportunities to save computation, is not well explored. Nevertheless, exploiting the optimization opportunities would meet three underutilization problems, which are caused by(1) the mismatch between WG data dimensions and hardware parallelism,(2) the full sparsity, i.e., the sparsity of feature map(Fmap),error map(Emap), and gradient, and(3) the workload imbalance resulting from irregular sparsity. In this paper, we propose a specific architecture for sparse weight gradient(SWG) computation. The architecture is designed based on hierarchical unrolling and sparsity-aware(HUSA) dataflow to exploit the optimization opportunities of the special computation property and full data sparsity. In HUSA dataflow, the data dimensions are unrolled hierarchically on the hardware architecture. A valid-data trace(VDT) mechanism is embedded in the dataflow to avoid the underutilization caused by the two-sided input sparsity. The gradient is unrolled in PE to alleviate the underutilization induced by output sparsity while maintaining the data reuse opportunities. Besides, we design an intra-and inter-column balancer(IIBLC) to dynamically tackle the workload imbalance problem resulting from the irregular sparsity. Experimental results show that with HUSA dataflow exploiting the full sparsity, SWG achieves a speedup of 12.23× over state-of-the-art gradient computation architecture, Train Ware. SWG helps to improve the energy efficiency of the state-of-the-art training accelerator LNPU from 7.56 to 10.58 TOPS/W.

关键词： CNN training gradient computation sparsity architecture

Geophysical and orbital environments of asteroid 4692192016 HO3

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Astrodynamics 2023年第1期7卷 31-50页

作者： Xiangyu Li Daniel J.Scheeres Dong Qiao Zixuan liu School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Ann and H.J.Smead Aerospace Engineering Department University of Colorado Boulder429 UCBBoulderCO 80309USA

Asteroid 469219 Kamo'oalewa,also named 2016 HO3,is a small-size fast-rotating near-Earth asteroid,which is a potential target for future explorations.Owing to its weak gravity and fast spin rate,the dynamics on the surface or in the vicinity of 2016 HO3 are significantly different from those of planets or other small bodies explored in previous missions.In this study,the geophysical and orbital environments of 2016 HO3 were investigated to facilitate a potential mission design.First,the geormnetric and geopotential topographies of 2016 HO3 were examined using difterent shape models.The liftoff and escape conditions on its fast-rotating surface were investigated.Then,the periodic orbits around 2016 HO3 were studied in the asteroid-fixed frame and the Sun-asteroid frame considering the solar radiation pressure.The stable regions of the terminator orbits were discussed using different parameters.Finally,the influence of the nonspherical shape on the terminator orbits was examined.The precise terminator orbits around a real shape model of 2016 HO3 were obtained and verified in the high-fidelity model.This study shows that the polar region of 2016 HO3 is the primary region for landing or sampling,and the terminator orbits are well suited for global mapping and measurements of 2016 HO3.The analysis and methods can also serve as references for the exploration of other small fast-rotating bodies.

关键词： asteroid 2016 HO3 geophysical environment solar radiation pressure terminator orbit

Analysis on Impact of Rumors on Electricity Market Operations with Volatile Renewables

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第3期10卷 755-765页

作者： xiangyu Ma Zhiyi li Huanhai Xin College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310063China Polytechnic Institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310063China IEEE NGICS Platform Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

In recent years,rumors have been shown to have a significant impact on individual and societal activities.As renewables play an increasingly significant role in electricity markets,certain rumors may deviate the bidding behavior of market entities and eventually affect the performance of market operations.In this study,we attempt to reveal the general threats caused by rumors in the context of day-ahead electricity markets considering the integration of volatile renewables.First,we model the propagation of rumors in the societal system considering the weight of propagation resistance,which principally reflects the communication accessibility of market entities.Second,we develop an integrated two-layer network model to uncover the inherent coupling mechanism between market operations and rumor propagation.In particular,the role of electricity market operations on rumor propagation is characterized by changes in the truthfulness of rumors associated with electricity prices.The rumors,in turn,affect the bidding quantities of market entities in electricity market operations.Finally,numerical experiments are conducted on modified IEEE 6-bus and 118-bus systems.The results demonstrate the potential threats of rumors to electricity market operations with different penetration levels of renewables.

关键词： Electricity market integrated network modeling renewables rumor propagation

In-situ doping strategy for improving the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of covalent triazine frameworks

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第8期66卷 2363-2370页

作者： Minghui Chen Ji Xiong Xiangyu Li Quan Shi Ting li Yaqing Feng Bao Zhang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin300350China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin300072China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin300192China

A highly conjugated network of covalent triazine frameworks(CTFs)on the one hand promotes light-harvesting,but on the other hand,also results in high carrier recombination which eventually limits their photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)rates.Thus,strategies to favorably tune the electronic configuration of CTFs for efficient photocatalytic HERs need to be developed,but still remain challenging.Herein,a simple in-situ defect strategy involving element doping is developed for the first time to introduce a heteroatom including S and Se into CTF-1 via the condensation of aldehydes with the mixture of the terephthalimidamide and the S-or Se-substituted terephthalimidamide under mild conditions.The doping content(X)is varied,resulting in a series of S-and Se-doped CTFs,named CTFS-1-X and CTFSe-1-X,respectively.Interestingly,for the S-doped CTFs,CTFS-1-10 shows the most excellent HER rate(4,992.3μmol g^(-1)h^(-1))from water splitting,while for the Se-doped ones,CTFSe-1-10 exhibits a photocatalytic HER rate of 5,792.8μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),both of which far surpass undoped CTFs(693.3μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)).In-depth studies indicate that the introduction of S or Se atoms into CTFs could extend the light absorption and promote photo-generated electron-hole pairs migration.Meanwhile,S-or Se-doping could create heterogeneous electronic configuration in CTFs,which can help to suppress carrier recombination.

关键词： covalent triazine frameworks heteroatom doping hydrogen evolution

CRACK TIP PLASTICITY OF A THERMALLY LOADED PENNY-SHAPED CRACK IN AN INFINITE SPACE OF 1D QC

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2015年第5期28卷 471-483页

作者： Xiangyu Li Peidong li Guozheng Kang School of mechanics and engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education of China

The present work is concerned with a penny-shaped Dugdale crack embedded in an infinite space of one-dimensional （1D） hexagonal quasicrystals and subjected to two identical axisymmetric temperature loadings on the upper and lower crack surfaces. Applying Dugdale hypothesis to thermo-elastic results, the extent of the plastic zone at the crack tip is determined. The normal stress outside the plastic zone and crack surface displacement are derived in terms of special functions. For a uniform loading case, the corresponding results are presented by simpli- fying the preceding results. Numerical calculations are carried out to show the influence of some parameters.

关键词： penny-shaped Dugdale crack plastic zone 1D hexagonal quasicrystals thermalloadings