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A novel non-invasive model to predict high-risk varices in cirrhotic patients

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 530-532页

作者： kelvin k.C.ng Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Medical CentreHong KongChina

Acute variceal bleeding is one of the most common and potentially life-threatening complications in patients with liver *** is conventionally diagnosed by oesophagogastroduodenoscopy,which is invasive to patients and carries hospital *** would be more cost-effective if non-invasive tests could screen out high-risk patients who developed acute variceal bleeding requiring endoscopic *** can potentially reduce the need for invasive procedures for cirrhotic *** recent years,there have been advancements in non-invasive methods for assessing the risk of variceal *** include transient elastography(FibroScan)of the liver and spleen,platelet count,imaging modalities[ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)],and non-invasive liver function tests[Child-Pugh score or the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)score].The 2015 Baveno VI consensus is developed by an international panel of experts to improve the diagnosis and management of portal hypertension and its complications,specifically focusing on variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis(1).The consensus emphasizes using noninvasive methods to screen out high-risk varices(HRV)requiring therapeutic *** key features of the Baveno VI criteria include a liver stiffness measurement(LSM)kPa and a platelet count>150,000/*** can confidently rule out *** has been proven to avoid unnecessary endoscopy up to 40%with a specificity of up to 46%(2).In recent years,spleen stiffness measurement(SSM)has been a useful tool to assess portal hypertension and to predict ***,the revised Baveno VII consensus in 2022 recommends SSM≤40 kPa would avoid more unnecessary endoscopy in patients who fall outside Baveno VI criteria,with a missed HRV rate of<5%(3).

关键词： Non-invasive model high-risk varices cirrhosis

Single-pilot operations in commercial flight:Effects on neural activity and visual behaviour under abnormalities and emergencies

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 277-292页

作者： Qinbiao LI Chun-Hsien CHEN kam k.H.ng Xin YUAN Cho Yin YIU Human Factors and Ergonomics Laboratory Department of Aeronautical and Aviation EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region 100872China School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

With cutting-edge technologies and considering airline human-resource-saving,a single pilot in commercial jets could be technically *** changes in captains’natural behaviours are initially required to comprehend the specific safe human performance envelope for safeguarding single-pilot flight,particularly in high-risk *** paper investigates how captains’performance transforms for fixing emergencies when operating from Dual-Pilot Operations(DPO)to Single-Pilot Operations(SPO)through a physiological-based *** pilots flew an emergency-included flight with/without first officers’*** neural activities and scanning behaviours were recorded using a 32-channel Electroencephalogram(EEG)and glasses-based eye tracker,with the observation and post-experiment questionnaires to evaluate the flight operations and pilots’*** alone,there was a significantly increased cortical activity in h and b waves over the frontal,parietal,and temporal lobes during the more complicated emergencies,and pilots focused less on the primary flight display while spending significantly more time scanning the other *** physiological fluctuating patterns associated with risky operations in SPO were highlighted by cross-correlating multimodal *** experimental-based noteworthy insights may wish to inform commercial SPO measures to lessen the persistent physiological fluctuation,assisting airlines in creating SPO-oriented intelligent flight systems to give captains adequate support for assuring safer air transportation.

关键词： Aviation engineering Single pilot operations Behaviour changes Eye tracker Electroencephalogram

Insights into ionic association boosting water oxidation activity and dynamic stability

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 99-109,I0004页

作者： Zanling Huang Shuqi Zhu Yuan Duan Chaoran Pi Xuming Zhang Abebe Reda Woldu Jing-Xin Jian Paul k.Chu Qing-Xiao Tong Liangsheng Hu xiangdong Yao Department of Chemistry and key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province Shantou UniversityShantou 515063GuangdongChina Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Shantou 515063GuangdongChina State key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy and Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina School of Advanced Energy Sun Yat-sen University(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518107GuangdongChina

There have been reports about Fe ions boosting oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activity of Ni-based catalysts in alkaline conditions,while the origin and reason for the enhancement remains ***,we attempt to identify the activity improvement and discover that Ni sites act as a host to attract Fe(Ⅲ)to form Fe(Ni)(Ⅲ)binary centres,which serve as the dynamic sites to promote OER activity and stability by cyclical formation of intermediates(Fe(Ⅲ)→Fe(Ni)(Ⅲ)→Fe(Ni)-OH→Fe(Ni)-O→Fe(Ni)OOH→Fe(Ⅲ))at the electrode/electrolyte interface to emit O_(2).Additionally,some ions(Co(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),and Cr(Ⅲ))can also be the active sites to catalyze the OER process on a variety of *** Fe(Ⅲ)-catalyzed overall water-splitting electrolyzer comprising bare Ni foam as the anode and Pt/Ni-Mo as the cathode demonstrates robust stability for 1600 h at 1000 mA cm^(-2)@~1.75 *** results provide insights into the ioncatalyzed effects boosting OER performance.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Fe(Ⅲ)-catalysis Ni-Fe binary active centers Ion-catalyzed effects Robust stability

The role of reactive oxygen species in gastric cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第9期21卷 740-753页

作者： Yuqi Wang Jingli Xu Zhenjie Fu Ruolan Zhang Weiwei Zhu Qianyu Zhao Ping Wang Can Hu xiangdong Cheng College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Department of Gastric Surgery Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhou 310022China key Laboratory of Prevention Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310022China Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhou 310022China

Gastric cancer(GC)ranks fifth in cancer incidence and fourth in cancer-related mortality *** oxygen species(ROS)are highly oxidative oxygen-derived products that have crucial roles in cell signaling regulation and maintaining internal *** are closely associated with the occurrence,development,and treatment of *** review summarizes recent findings on the sources of ROS and the bidirectional regulatory effects on GC and discusses various treatment modalities for GC that are related to ROS *** addition,the regulation of ROS by natural small molecule compounds with the highest potential for development and applications in anti-GC research is *** aim of the review is to accelerate the clinical application of modulating ROS levels as a therapeutic strategy for GC.

关键词： Gastric cancer reactive oxygen species ROSantitumor therapy natural products pharmacology

Preconditioned Iterative Methods for Algebraic Systems from Multiplicative Half-Quadratic Regularization Image Restorations

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2010年第4期3卷 461-474页

作者： Michael k.ng Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong

Image restoration is often solved by minimizing an energy function consisting of a data-fidelity term and a regularization term.A regularized convex term can usually preserve the image edges well in the restored *** this paper,we consider a class of convex and edge-preserving regularization functions,i.e.,multiplicative half-quadratic regularizations,and we use the Newton method to solve the correspondingly reduced systems of nonlinear *** each Newton iterate,the preconditioned conjugate gradient method,incorporated with a constraint preconditioner,is employed to solve the structured Newton equation that has a symmetric positive definite coefficient matrix. The eigenvalue bounds of the preconditioned matrix are deliberately derived,which can be used to estimate the convergence speed of the preconditioned conjugate gradient *** use experimental results to demonstrate that this new approach is efficient, and the effect of image restoration is reasonably well.

关键词： Edge-preserving image restoration multiplicative half-quadratic regularization Newton method preconditioned conjugate gradient method constraint preconditioner eigenvalue bounds

Compression of Battery X-Ray Tomography Data with Machine Learning

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第9期41卷 153-158页

作者： Zipei Yan Qiyu Wang Xiqian Yu Jizhou Li Michael k.-P.ng Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Huairou Division Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CUHk Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

With the increasing demand for high-resolution x-ray tomography in battery characterization,the challenges of storing,transmitting,and analyzing substantial imaging data necessitate more efficient *** data compression methods struggle to balance reduction ratio and image quality,often failing to preserve critical details for accurate *** study proposes a machine learning-assisted compression method tailored for battery x-ray imaging *** physics-informed representation learning,our approach significantly reduces file sizes without sacrificing meaningful *** validate the method on typical battery materials and different x-ray imaging techniques,demonstrating its effectiveness in preserving structural and chemical *** results show an up-to-95 compression ratio while maintaining high fidelity in the projection and reconstructed *** proposed framework provides a promising solution for managing large-scale battery x-ray imaging datasets,facilitating significant advancements in battery research and development.

关键词： battery Battery details

ON ALGORITHMS FOR AUTOMATIC DEBLURRIng FROM A SIngLE IMAGE

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2012年第1期30卷 80-100页

作者： Wei Wang Michael k.ng Department of Mathematics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Centre for Mathematical Imaging and Vision and Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongChina

In this paper, we study two variational blind deblurring models for a single linage,The first model is to use the total variation prior in both image and blur, while the second model is to use the flame based prior in both image and blur. The main contribution of this paper is to show how to employ the generalized cross validation （GCV） method efficiently and automatically to estimate the two regularization parameters associated with the priors in these two blind motion deblurring models. Our experimental results show that the visual quality of restored images by the proposed method is very good, and they are competitive with the tested existing methods. We will also demonstrate the proposed method is also very efficient.

关键词： Blind deconvolution Iterative methods Total variation Framelet Generalizedcross validation.

Three-year field study on grass growth and soil hydrological properties in biochar-amended soil

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2764-2774页

作者： Haowen Guo Charles Wang Wai ng Junjun Ni Qi Zhang Yuchen Wang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Transportation Southeast UniversityNanjingChina

Field monitoring was conducted to investigate and quantify the long-term effects of peanut shell biochar on soil-grass interaction over three *** 10 m5 m grassed plots were constructed in completely decomposed granitic *** of them were amended,respectively,with 5%and 10%biochar contents(m^(3)/m^(3))for grass growth,while the third was without biochar *** the threeyear monitoring,plant characteristics,saturated water permeability(k_(s))of grassed soil and soil suction were *** monitored results show that the grass leaf area index(LAI)and root length density(RLD)with biochar amendment were improved by 38%and 200%,*** the grassed plot without biochar,a threshold RLD existed with a value of 1.7 cm/cm^(3),beyond which k_(s) raised *** threshold RLD increased by 52%when biochar content increased from 0%to 10%.This implies that biochar may restrict the increase in k_(s) of grassed soil due to the rise in the threshold *** presence of biochar and grass can retain over 100%higher suction after heavy rainfalls,while 54%lower peak suction under evapotranspiration(ET)compared with the non-amended *** can alleviate the negative effects on hydraulic properties caused by plant growth and reduce ET-induced excessive water loss.A 5%peanut shell biochar content is recommended for the long-term management of vegetated earthen infrastructures.

关键词： Soil-grass interaction Biochar Long-term Water infiltration Soil drying

A Nonlocal Total Variation Model for Image Decomposition: Illumination and Reflectance

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2014年第3期7卷 334-355页

作者： Wei Wang Michael k.ng Department of Mathematics Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong

In this paper,we study to use nonlocal bounded variation(NLBV)techniques to decompose an image intensity into the illumination and reflectance *** considering spatial smoothness of the illumination component and nonlocal total variation(NLTV)of the reflectance component in the decomposition framework,an energy functional is *** establish the theoretical results of the space of NLBV functions such as lower semicontinuity,approximation and *** essential properties of NLBV functions are important tools to show the existence of solution of the proposed energy *** results on both grey-level and color images are shown to illustrate the usefulness of the nonlocal total variation image decomposition model,and demonstrate the performance of the proposed method is better than the other testing methods.

关键词： Image decomposition illumination reflectance nonlocal total variation iterative method