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Fate of undigested proteins in the pig large intestine:What impact on the colon epithelium?

Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 110-118页

作者： François Blachier Mireille Andriamihaja xiang-feng kong UMR PNCA Nutrition Physiology and Alimentary BehaviorUniversite Paris-SaclayAgroParisTechINRAEParisFrance Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina

Apart from its obvious agronomic interest in feeding billions of people worldwide,the porcine species represents an irreplaceable experimental model for intestinal physiologists and *** this review,we give an overview on the fate of proteins that are not fully digested in the pig small intestine,and thus are transferred into the large *** the large intestine,dietary and endogenous proteins are converted to peptides and amino acids(AA)by the action of bacterial proteases and ***,which cannot,except in the neonatal period,be absorbed to any significant level by the colonocytes,are used by the intestinal microbes for protein synthesis and for the production of numerous *** note,the production of the AA-derived metabolites greatly depends on the amount of undigested polysaccharides in the pig's *** effects of these AA-derived bacterial metabolites on the pig colonic epithelium have not yet been largely ***,the available data,performed on colonic mucosa,isolated colonic crypts and colonocytes,indicate that some of them,like ammonia,butyrate,acetate,hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S),and p-cresol are active either directly or indirectly on energy metabolism in colonic epithelial *** studies in that area will certainly gain from the utilization of the pig colonic organoid model,which allows for disposal of functional epithelial *** studies will contribute to a better understanding of the potential causal links between diet-induced changes in the luminal concentrations of these AA-derived bacterial metabolites and effects on the colon epithelial barrier function and water/electrolyte absorption.

关键词： Gut microbiota Amino acids Bacterial metabolites Pig Large intestine

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Migration and distribution of saline ions in bauxite residue during water leaching

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2018年第3期28卷 534-541页

作者： xiang-feng kong Xing-xing JIANG Sheng-guo XUE Ling HUANG William HARTLEY Chuan WU Xiao-fei LI School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Bauxite residue,a highly saline solid waste produced from digestion of bauxite for alumina production,is hazardous to the environment and restricts vegetation establishment in bauxite residue disposal areas.A novel water leaching process proposed here was used to investigate the dynamic migration and vertical distribution of saline ions in bauxite *** results show that water leaching significantly reduced the salinity of bauxite residue,leaching both saline cations Na+,K+,Ca2+and anions CO32-,SO42-,HCO3-.Na+and K+migrated from 40-50 to 20-30 cm of the column,presenting a high migration *** migration capacity of Ca2+was lower and accumulated at 30-40 cm of the ***32-initially distributed at 20-30 cm of the column,subsequently transported to 30-40 cm of the column,and finally returned to 20-30 cm of the column along with ***42-was originally distributed at 40-50 cm,but finally migrated to 20-30 cm of the ***,HCO3-remained at the bottom of the column,and its migratory was less affected by evaporation.

关键词： bauxite residue salinity ion migration column stimulation water leaching

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Doping-driven dual heterogeneous interfacial structures boosting the durability of industry-compatible water splitting at high current density

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第10期67卷 3468-3481页

作者： Chunming Yang Lihai Zhou Zhijie kong xiang Li Wangchuan Zhu Guangqing Wang Yanzhong Zhen feng Fu Yucang Liang Research Institute of Comprehensive Energy Industry Technology College of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringYan'an University Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials Green Catalysis CenterCollege of ChemistryZhengzhou University Institut für Anorganische Chemie Eberhard Karls Universit?t

Developing highly stable electrocatalysts under industry-compatible current densities(>500 mA cm-2) in an anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer（AEMWE） is an enormous challenge for water ***,based on the results of density function theory calculations,a dual heterogeneous interfacial structured NiSe/Fe-Ni（OH）2catalyst was subtly designed and successfully prepared by electrodepositing Fe-doped Ni（OH）2on NiSe-loaded nickel foam（NF）.Fe doping-driven heterogeneous structures in NiSe/Fe-Ni（OH）2markedly boost catalytic activity and durability at industrially compatible current densities in single hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions under alkaline *** particular,NiSe/Fe-Ni（OH）2shows a negligible performance loss at 600 mA cm-2at least 1,000 h for overall water splitting,a distinguished long-term durability acting as AEMWE electrodes at 600 mA cm-2and 1 A cm-2at 85℃ for at least 95 *** to Fe doping-induced strong synergetic effect between Ni and Fe,dual heterostructure-promoted charge transfer and redistribution,abundant catalytic active sites,and improvement of stability and durability,a mechanism of Fe doping-driven heterogeneous interfacial structurepromoted catalytic performance was *** study provides a successful example of theory-directed catalyst preparation and pioneers a creative strategy for industry-compatible water splitting at high current density.

关键词： doping-induced heterojunction structure NiSe/Fe-Ni(OH)2 large current density anion-exchange membrane industry-compatible water electrolysis

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Leaching optimization and dissolution behavior of alkaline anions in bauxite residue

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2018年第6期28卷 1248-1255页

作者： Xiao-fei LI Yu-zhen gE Sheng-guo XUE Jtm JIANG Chuan WU xiang-feng kong William Hartley Yi-wei LI School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control ＆ Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Crop and Environment Sciences Department Harper Adams UniversityNewportShropshireTF10 8NBUnited Kingdom

Bauxite residue is a highly alkaline waste containing soluble alkaline anions, which can cause environmental concerns. The optimal leaching conditions, distribution of alkaline anions, types of pivotal alkaline anions and their dissolution behaviors were investigated based on the combination of single factors-orthogonal experiments and leaching stage experiment. Using a two-stage leaching, 86% of the soluble alkaline anions（CO3^2-, HCO4^-,Al（OH）4^-, OH^-） were leached with a L/S ratio of 2 mL/g, at 30 ℃, over 23 h. During the first stage of leaching, approximately 88% of alkaline anions were leached from the dissolution of free alkali（Na OH, carbonate, bicarbonate, NaAl（OH）4） with the rest originating from the dissolution of alkaline minerals（calcite, cancrinite and hydrogarnet）. Supernatant alkalinity was 69.78 mmol/L with CO3^2- accounting for 75%. Furthermore, carbonate leaching was controlled by solid film diffusion using the Stumm Model with an apparent activation energy of 10.24 kJ/mol.

关键词： bauxite residue alkaline anions carbonate leaching optimization dissolution behavior

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Unconventional Fluorescent and Multi-responsive Polyethyleneimine with LCST and UCST Behavior:Synthesis,Characterization and Biological Applications

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 826-837页

作者： feng-Ming Yin Li-Li Wu Shu-Sheng Li Xiao-Na Pan Xiao-Li Zhu Xu-Bao Jiang xiang Zheng kong College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of JinanJinan250022China Shandong Institute for Product Quality Inspection Jinan250102China College of Chemical Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

Non-aromatic fluorescent and multi-responsive materials,exhibiting inherent fluorescence emission and controlled phase change,have garnered significant attention in recent ***,the underlying interaction between their fluorescent properties and phase transition remains *** this study,we synthesized a series of catalyst-free aza-Michael addition-based polyethyleneimine(RFPEI)materials by reacting polyethyleneimine(PEI)with N-isopropyl acrylamide(NIPAM).The resulting RFPEI was comprehensively characterized,and demonstrated dual-phase transition behavior(LCST and UCST)in water,which could be finely tuned by adjusting its composition or external factors such as ***,upon UV irradiation(365 nm),RFPEI exhibited strong fluorescence *** further investigated the effects of NIPAM grafting percentage to PEI,polymer concentration,and pH on the LCST/UCST and fluorescent properties of RFPEI aqueous ***,we showcased the great potential of RFPEI as a versatile tool for physiological cell imaging,trace detection,and controlled release of *** study presents a novel class of stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials with promising applications in the field of biomedicine.

关键词： Polyethyleneimine Multi-responsiveness Intrinsic fluorescence emission Cell imaging Controlled drug release

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Thermodynamics of removing impurities from crude lead by vacuum distillation refining

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第6期24卷 1946-1950页

作者：孔祥峰杨斌熊恒孔令鑫刘大春徐宝强昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程实验室昆明650093 昆明理工大学复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室昆明650093

A novel technique was developed to remove impurities from crude lead by vacuum *** thermodynamics on vacuum distillation refining process of crude lead was studied by means of saturated vapor pressure of main components of crude lead,separation coefficients and vapor-liquid equilibrium composition of Pb-i（i stands for an impurity） system at different *** behaviors of impurities in the vacuum distillation refining process were *** results show that the vacuum distillation should be taken to obtain lead from crude lead,in which Zn,As and partial Sb are volatilized at lower temperature of 923-1023 *** is distilled from the residue containing Cu,Sn,Ag and Bi at higher temperature of 1323-1423 K,but the impurity Bi is also volatilized along with lead and cannot be separated from lead.

关键词： crude lead vacuum distillation refining removal thermodynamics

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Effect of ammonium chloride on leaching behavior of alkaline anion and sodium ion in bauxite residue

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2018年第10期28卷 2125-2134页

作者： Yi-wei LI Jun JIANG Sheng-guo XUE Graeme J.MILLAR xiang-feng kong Xiao-fei LI Meng LI Chu-xuan LI School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Institute for Future Environments Science and Engineering FacultyQueensland University of Technology(QUT)Brisbane Qld 4000Australia

This study focused on leaching behavior of alkaline anion and sodium in bauxite residue through ammonium chloride *** results showed that the pH of bauxite residue decreased from 10.49 to 8.93,total alkaline anion(HCO3^-,CO3^2-,OH^-,AlO2^-)concentration reduced from 38.89 to 25.50 mmol/L,leaching rate of soluble sodium was 80.86%with ammonium chloride addition of 0.75%,liquid/solid(L/S)ratio of 3(mL/g),temperature of 30°C and reaction time of 18 h;L/S ratio was the main factor affecting the removal of alkaline anion and the leaching of ***,ammonium chloride promoted the dissolution of diaspore and changed the micro/morphological characteristics with the increase of massive *** findings of this work will contribute to achieve soil-formation of bauxite residue.

关键词： bauxite residue ammonium chloride leaching behavior alkaline regulation soil formation

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Which Neighborhoods Have Easier Access to Online Home Delivery Services?A Spatiotemporal Accessibility Analysis in Nanjing,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 722-738页

作者： kong Yu ZHEN feng ZHANG Shanqi SHEN Lizhen School of Architecture and Urban Planning Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Provincial Engineering Research Center of Smart City Planning and Digital Governance Nanjing 210093China

The rise in online home delivery services(OHDS)has had a significant impact on how urban services are supplied and used in recent *** on the spatial accessibility of OHDS are emerging,but few is known about the temporal dimension of OHDS accessibility as well as the geographic and socioeconomic differences in the spatiotemporal accessibility of *** study measures the spatiotemporal accessibility of four types of OHDS,namely leisure,fresh and convenient,medical,and catering *** geographic and socioeconomic disparities in the spatiotemporal accessibility of these four types of OHDS are then identified using spatial statistical methods and the Kruskal-Wallis test(K-W test).The case study in Nanjing,China,suggests that:1)spatiotemporal accessibility better reflects the temporal variation of OHDS accessibility and avoids overestimation of OHDS accessibility when only considering its spatial dimension.2)The spatiotemporal accessibility of OHDS varies geographically and *** located in the main city or neighborhoods with higher housing prices,higher population density,and higher point of interest(POI)mix have better OHDS spatiotemporal *** study contributes to the understanding of OHDS accessibility from a spatiotemporal perspective,and the empirical insights can assist policymakers in creating intervention plans that take into account variations in OHDS spatiotemporal accessibility.

关键词： online home delivery services(OHDS) spatiotemporal accessibility neighborhoods accessibility differences Nanjing City China

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Temperature prediction model in multiphase flow considering phase transition in the drilling operations

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1969-1979页

作者： Yang Zhang Yong-An Li xiang-Wei kong Hao Liu Teng-Fei Sun College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100027China School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan430000HubeiChina

The study considers gas compression properties,gas slippage,back pressure(BP),phase transition(PT),well depth,and differences in gas-liquid physical properties.A new temperature model for multiphase flow is proposed by considering phase transition in the drilling *** mathematical model of multiphase flow is solved using the finite difference method with annulus mesh division for grid nodes,and a module for multiphase flow calculation and analysis is *** results indicate that the temperature varies along the annulus with the variation of gas influx at the bottom of the *** the process of controlled pressure drilling,as gas slips along the annulus to the wellhead,its volume continuously expands,leading to an increase in the gas content within the annulus,and consequently,an increase in the pressure drop caused by gas *** temperature increases with the increase in BP and decreases in gas influx rate and wellbore *** gas influx,the thermal conductivity coefficient for the gas-drilling mud two phases is significantly weakened,resulting in a considerable change in temperature along the *** the context of MPD,the method of slightly changing the temperature along the annulus by controlling the back pressure is feasible.

关键词： Managed pressure drilling Phase transition Temperature Gas-drilling mud two phase

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NbB_(2)Modified Al-Cu Alloys Fabricated by Freeze-Ablation Casting under High Cooling Rate Solidification

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第5期37卷 921-938页

作者： xiang kong Yu Wang Hong Xu Haotian Fan Yuewu Zheng Beibei Xie School of Materials Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

At present,improving the properties of aluminum alloys is generally achieved by increasing the cooling rate of the melt and adding micro-nano *** the cooling rate of the melt to improve the refining effect of grain refiner is still a difficult problem in the aluminum alloy casting *** innovative and environmentally friendly casting process,known as freeze ablation,was introduced during the preparation of an Al–NbB_(2) intermediate *** process significantly enhanced the cooling rate of the *** results indicated that the Al–NbB_(2) intermediate alloy produced under high cooling rates had a noticeable refining effect on Al–Cu alloys,with smaller NbB2 particles demonstrating superior refining *** average grain size of the refined Al–Cu alloy decreased from 154 to 69μm,the tensile strength increased by 12%,the fluidity increased by 18.4%,and the hot tearing index decreased from 144 to *** matching degree between NbB_(2) andα-Al was calculated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and the edge-to-edge *** was found that the atomic interplanar spacing and the interatomic spacing mismatch between NbB_(2)’splane and Al were both less than 10%,which further proved that NbB2 could serve as an effective nucleation site forα-Al grains to achieve grain refinement.

关键词： Grain refinement Freeze ablation Particle size control Mechanical properties Process properties

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