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A new insight into the straw decomposition associated with minerals:Promoting straw humification and Cd immobilization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 553-566页

作者： Yuling Liu Haowei Zeng Siduo ding Zhong Hu Baiqing Tie Si Luo College of Environment and Ecology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China School of Environment South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Organic matter(OM)derived from the decomposition of crop residues plays a key role as a sorbent for cadmium(Cd)*** studies have explored the straw decomposition processes with the presence of minerals,and the effect of newly generated organomineral complexes on heavy metal *** this study,we investigated the variations in structure and composition during the rice straw decomposition with or without minerals(goethite and kaolinite),as well as the adsorption behavior and mechanisms by which straw decomposition affects Cd *** degree of humification of extracted straw organic matter was assessed using excitation-emission matrix(EEM)fluorescence and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-vis),while employing FTIR spectroscopy and XPS to characterize the adsorption *** spectra analysis revealed the enrichment of highly aromatic and hydrophobic components,indicating that the degree of straw decomposition and humification were further intensified during ***,the existence of goethite(SG)accelerated the humification of *** experiments revealed that the straw humification increased Cd adsorption ***,SG exhibited significantly higher adsorption performance compared to the organic matter without minerals(RS)and the existence of kaolinite(SK).Further analysis using FT-IR spectroscopy and XPS verified that the primarymechanisms involved in Cd immobilization were complexion with—OH and—COOH,as well as the formation of Cd-πbinds with aromatic C=C on the surface of solid *** findings will facilitate understanding the interactions of the rice straw decomposing with soil minerals and its remediation effect on Cd-contaminated farmland.

关键词： Organic matter Cadmium(Cd) Decomposition Minerals Adsorption

Surface integrity characterization of thirdgeneration nickel-based single crystal blade tenons after ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 235-253页

作者： Biao ZHAO Hexu YOU Qing MIAO Wenfeng ding Ning QIAN Jiuhua XU National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China College of Mechanical Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Machined surface integrity of workpieces in harsh environments has a remarkable influence on their ***,the complexity of the new type of machining hinders a comprehensive understanding of machined surface integrity and its formation mechanism,thereby limiting the study of component *** increasing demands for high-quality machined workpieces in aerospace industry applications,researchers from academia and industry are increasingly focusing on post-machining surface *** profile grinding test was conducted on a novel single-crystal superalloy to simulate the formation of blade tenons,and the obtained tenons were characterized for surface integrity elements under various operating *** revealed that ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding(UVAG)led to multiple superpositions of abrasive grain trajectories,causing reduced surface roughness(an average reduction of approximately29.6%)compared with conventional *** examining the subsurface layer of UVAG using transmission electron microscopy,the results revealed that the single-crystal tenon grinding subsurface layer exhibited a gradient evolution from the near-surface to the *** evolution was characterized by an equiaxed nanocrystalline layer measuring 0.34μm,followed by a submicrocrystalline grain-forming zone spanning 0.6μm and finally,a constituent phase-twisted dis-torted deformation zone over 0.62μ*** normal grinding conditions,the tenon exhibited low surface hardening(not exceeding 15%),and residual compressive stresses were observed on its *** cases where grinding burns occurred,a white layer appeared on the tenon's surface,which demonstrated varying thicknesses along the teeth from top to root due to thermal-force-structural coupling ***,these burns introduced residual tensile stresses on the tenon's surface,potentially substantially affecting its fatigue *** paper enhances our understanding of UVAG pro

关键词： Single-crystal blade tenon Seeded gel abrasives Ultrasonic vibration-assisted profile grinding Surface integrity

Proton transport in unsintered BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(3)-α for easily prepared electrochemical devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 133-145,I0006页

作者： Xi Wang Yushi ding Ying Li Gaopeng Zhou Wenlong Huang Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensor Material and Technology School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China

BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(3)-αceramics exhibit superior conductivity among related ***,the hightemperature sintering makes it difficult to prepare electrochemical devices with a BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(3)-αmultilayer film,and very few studies have examined the conductivity and transport properties of unsintered BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(3)-α.In nominally dry conditions,the instability of this material in a watercontaining atmosphere can be minimized,allowing the unsintered BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(3)-αto be applied in some particular test environment as a component of electrochemical ***,the conductivity of unsintered BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(3)-αin dry conditions was measured via AC impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range of 500-800℃.The unsintered BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(3)-αexhibits high conductivity and hydration ability,as well as low proton activation *** addition,it shows high oxygen vacancy and low proton transport numbers at high temperature,limited by its grain *** work provides insights into the conductivity and proton transport of unsintered BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)O_(3)-αand demonstrates its potential as a proton-conducting electrolyte.

关键词： Protonic conductor Unsintered material BaCe_(0.8)Y_(0.2)0^(3-α) Conductivity Transport number Rare earths

Enhanced post-combustion CO_(2) capture and direct air capture by plasma surface functionalization of graphene adsorbent

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 653-664页

作者： Rahul Navik Eryu Wang Xiao ding Huang Yunyi Yiyu Liu Jia Li Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Carbon Neutrality Jiangmen Laboratory of Carbon and Science and TechnologyJiangmen 529100GuangdongChina Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute Guangzhou 511458GuangdongChina The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511453GuangdongChina Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science Department of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Carbon Neutrality and Climate Change Thrust Society HubThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511453GuangdongChina

Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO_(2)due to its unique properties and ***,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO_(2)adsorption capacity and poor *** work demonstrates a one-step rapid and sustainable N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment process to prepare graphene-based sorbent material with enhanced CO_(2)adsorption *** treatment directly enriches amine species,increases surface area,and improves textural *** CO_(2)adsorption capacity increases from 1.6 to 3.3 mmol/g for capturing flue gas,and from 0.14 to 1.3 mmol/g for direct air capture (DAC).Importantly,the electrothermal property of the plasma-modified aerogels has been significantly improved,resulting in faster heating rates and significantly reducing energy consumption compared to conventional external heating for regeneration of *** aerogels display improved selectivity of 42 and 87 after plasma modification for 5 and 10 min,*** plasma-treated aerogels display minimal loss between 17%and 19% in capacity after 40 adsorption/desorption cycles,rendering excellent *** N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment of adsorbent materials would lower energy expenses and prevent negative effects on the global economy caused by climate change.

关键词： Carbon neutrality CO_(2)capture Climate change Plasma treatment Graphene aerogel

Study on the off situ reconstruction of the core neutron field based on dual-task hybrid network architecture

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 175-191页

作者： Pei Cao Hui ding Cheng-Long Cao Zi-Hui Yang Guo-Min Sun School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Hefei UniversityHefei 230001China College of Electronic Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyHefei 230001China Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology HFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230027China

The off situ accurate reconstruction of the core neutron field is an important step in realizing real-time reactor *** existing off situ reconstruction method of the neutron field is only applicable to cases wherein a single region changes at a specified location of the ***,when the neutron field changes are complex,the accurate identification of the individual changed regions becomes challenging,which seriously affects the accuracy and stability of the neutron field ***,this study proposed a dual-task hybrid network architecture(DTHNet)for off situ reconstruction of the core neutron field,which trained the outermost assembly reconstruction task and the core reconstruction task jointly such that the former could assist the latter in the reconstruction of the core neutron field under core complex ***,to exploit the characteristics of the ex-core detection signals,this study designed a global-local feature upsampling module that efficiently distributed the ex-core detection signals to each reconstruction unit to improve the accuracy and stability of *** experiments were performed on the simulation datasets of the CLEAR-I reactor to verify the accuracy and stability of the proposed *** results showed that when the location uncertainty of a single region did not exceed nine and the number of multiple changed regions did not exceed ***,the reconstructed ARD was within 2%,RD_(max)was maintained within 17.5%,and the number of RD≥10%was maintained within ***,when the noise interference of the ex-core detection signals was within±2%,although the average number of RD≥10%increased to 16,the average ARD was still within in 2%,and the average RD_(max)was within 22%.Collectively,these results show that,theoretically,the DTHNet can accurately and stably reconstruct most of the neutron field under certain complex core changes.

关键词： Real-time reactor monitoring Core neutron field reconstruction Dual-task hybrid network architecture Global-local feature upsampling module

Machine learning-encoded multiscale modelling and Bayesian optimization framework to design programmable metamaterials

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2025年第1期41卷 226-245页

作者： Yizhe Liu Xiaoyan Li Yuli Chen Bin ding National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity Institute of Solid MechanicsBeihang University(BUAA)Beijing 100191China Centre for Advanced Mechanics and Materials Applied Mechanics LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Advanced programmable metamaterials with heterogeneous microstructures have become increasingly prevalent in scientific and engineering disciplines attributed to their tunable ***,exploring the structure-property relationship in these materials,including forward prediction and inverse design,presents substantial *** inhomogeneous microstructures significantly complicate traditional analytical or simulation-based ***,we establish a novel framework that integrates the machine learning(ML)-encoded multiscale computational method for forward prediction and Bayesian optimization for inverse *** prior end-to-end ML methods limited to specific problems,our framework is both load-independent and *** means that a single training session for a constitutive model suffices to tackle various problems directly,eliminating the need for repeated data collection or *** demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of this framework using metamaterials with designable elliptical holes or lattice honeycombs *** accelerated forward prediction,we can precisely customize the stiffness and shape of metamaterials under diverse loading scenarios,and extend this capability to multi-objective customization ***,we achieve topology optimization for stress alleviation at the crack tip,resulting in a significant reduction of Mises stress by up to 41.2%and yielding a theoretical interpretable *** framework offers a general,efficient and precise tool for analyzing the structure-property relationships of novel metamaterials.

关键词： Artificial neural network Multiscale computation Bayesian optimization Inverse design Programmable metamaterials

Aqueous indium metal batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 34-35页

作者： Jingjing Zhang Lan ding Vadim Popkov Kezhen Qi College of Pharmacy Dali University Hydrogen Energy Laboratory Ioffe Institute

Energy storage devices have been extensively owing to their critical role in addressing the energy and environment *** trivalent metal batteries are promising due to their unique three-electron redox reactions for high reversible capacity and high safety [1]. Especially, aqueous aluminum-based batteries have attracted significant attention [2]. However, severe water decomposition occurs due to their low redox potential (Al3+/Al,-1.66 V vs. SHE)[3]. In contrast, the metallic indium (In)/or In3+has a more suitable redox potential (-0.34 V vs. SHE), which is within the water stability window, minimizingwater decomposition [4]. Recently, a study on trivalent indium metal batteries was firstly reported by Wu’s group in Journal of the American Chemical Society [5].

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Characterization and correlation of engineering properties with microstructure in peanuts:A microscopic to macroscopic analysis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 339-352页

作者： Fei xiang Zhenyuan Li Yichen Zheng Caixia ding Benu Adhikari Xiaojie Ma Xuebing Xu Jinjin Zhu Bello Zaki Abubakar Aimin Shi Hui Hu Qiang Wang Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Utilization Laboratory of Cereal and Oil ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China Wilmar(Shanghai)Biotechnology Research&Development Center Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200137China School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourne 3083VICAustralia School of Food Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Jiangsu Modern Food Circulation and Safety Collaborative Innovation CenterNanjing 210023China College of Food Science and Pharmacy Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development Faculty of AgricultureUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokoto 840101Nigeria

Peanut varieties are diverse globally,with their characters and nutrition determining the product ***,the comparative analysis and statistical analysis of key quality indicators for peanut kernels across the world remains relatively limited,impeding the comprehensive evaluation of peanut quality and hindering the industry development on a global *** study aimed to compare and analyze the apparent morphology,microstructure,single-cell structure,engineering and mechanical properties,as well as major nutrient contents of peanut kernels from 10 different cultivars representing major peanut-producing *** surface and cross-section microstructure of the peanut kernels exhibited a dense“blocky”appearance with a distinct cellular *** lipid droplets were predominantly spherical with a regular distribution within the *** single-cell structure of the kernels from these 10 peanut cultivars demonstrated varying morphologies and dimensions,which exhibited correlations with their mechanical and engineering ***,the mass loss versus temperature profiles of the peanut kernels revealed five distinct stages,corresponding to moisture loss,volatile loss,protein denaturation,and the degradation of various *** were also observed in the lipid,protein,and sucrose contents,texture,bulk density,true density,porosity,geometric mean diameter,and sphericity among the diferent peanut *** study establishes relationships and correlations among microstructure,engineering properties,and nutritional composition of commonly grown peanut varieties in major peanut-processing *** findings provide valuable insights into peanut quality evaluation,empowering the peanut industry to enhance their processing and product development efforts.

关键词： peanut kernels apparent morphology microstructure engineering properties mechanical properties

Upper bound stability analysis of tiered geosynthetic-reinforced soil wall

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2025年第1期17卷 556-572页

作者： Chengzhi Xiao xiangsheng Meng Shan Gao Luqiang ding School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China

The tiered geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) walls have been increasingly applied in the high and steep retaining soil structures. However, very little is known about the design method for the tiered GRS wall in practice. This study is aimed at proposing an upper-bound stability analysis method of a tiered GRS wall. The proposed method was firstly validated by the existing results from the centrifuge test and the numerical method, and then a parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of the cohesionless backfill friction angle φ1 and the wall geometric parameters including the offset distance, the total wall height, the batter angle δ, the number of tiers n, and wall height ratio of adjacent tiers on the dimensionless equivalent earth pressure coefficient KT. The analysis results demonstrated that as the φ1 increases, the shear strength of backfill is enhanced and thus the KT or the total reinforcement tensile force decreases, and the KT decreases with the increase of the offset distance at the initial stage and then becomes stable when it reaches a certain critical value. For a fixed offset distance, the KT or the total reinforcement tensile force decreases with the increase of the δ. For the two-tiered GRS walls having the offset distance less than the critical value, the wall with the smaller wall height ratio has a larger KT. Further, the variation of the location of the critical failure surfaces of tiered GRS walls was presented in this study with the variation of the φ1 and the wall geometry.

关键词： Geosynthetics Tiered GRS walls Offset distance Upper bound theorem Internal stability