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Corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nanoscale zero-valent iron in water:A review

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 391-406页

作者： Chenliu Tang Xingyu Wang Yufei Zhang Nuo Liu xiang hu Research Group of Water Pollution Control and Water Reclamation College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 201209China

Knowledge on corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)in aquatic environment is particularly significant for understanding the reactivity,longevity and stability of nZVI,as well as providing theoretical guidance for developing a cost-effective nZVI-based technology and designing large-scale applications.Herein,this review gives a holistic overview on the corrosion behaviors and kinetics of nZVI in water.Firstly,Eh-pH diagram is introduced to predict the thermodynamics trend of iron corrosion.The morphological,structural,and compositional evolution of(modified-)nZVI under different environmental conditions,assisted with microscopic and spectroscopic evidence,is then summarized.Afterwards,common analytical methods and characterization technologies are categorized to establish time-resolved corrosion kinetics of nZVI in water.Specifically,stable models for calculating the corrosion rate constant of nZVI as well as electrochemical methods for monitoring the redox reaction are discussed,emphasizing their capabilities in studying the dynamic iron corrosion processes.Finally,in the future,more efforts are encouraged to study the corrosion behaviors of nZVI in long-term practical application and further build nanoparticles with precisely tailored properties.We expect that our work can deepen the understanding of the nZVI chemistry in aquatic environment.

关键词： Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI) Corrosion behaviors Corrosion kinetics nZVI evolution

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Hyperglycemia activates FGFR1 via TLR4/c-Src pathway to induce inflammatory cardiomyopathy in diabetes

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1693-1710页

作者： Xiong Chen Jinfu Qian Shiqi Liang Jianchang Qian Wu Luo Yujuan Shi Hong Zhu xiang hu Gaojun Wu Xiaokun Li Guang Liang Department of Endocrinology the First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035China Chemical Biology Research Center School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035China Department of Wound Repair the First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035China Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 311399China

Protein tyrosine kinases (RTKs) modulate a wide range of pathophysiological events in several non-malignant disorders, including diabetic complications. To find new targets driving the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), we profiled an RTKs phosphorylation array in diabetic mouse hearts and identified increased phosphorylated fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (p-FGFR1) levels in cardiomyocytes, indicating that FGFR1 may contribute to the pathogenesis of DCM. Using primary cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cell lines, we discovered that high-concentration glucose (HG) transactivates FGFR1 kinase domain through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and c-Src, independent of FGF ligands. Knocking down the levels of either TLR4 or c-Src prevents HG-activated FGFR1 in cardiomyocytes. RNA-sequencing analysis indicates that the elevated FGFR1 activity induces pro-inflammatory responses via MAPKs–NFκB signaling pathway in HG-challenged cardiomyocytes, which further results in fibrosis and hypertrophy. We then generated cardiomyocyte-specific FGFR1 knockout mice and showed that a lack of FGFR1 in cardiomyocytes prevents diabetes-induced cardiac inflammation and preserves cardiac function in mice. Pharmacological inhibition of FGFR1 by a selective inhibitor, AZD4547, also prevents cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and dysfunction in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice. These studies have identified FGFR1 as a new player in driving DCM and support further testing of FGFR1 inhibitors for possible cardioprotective benefits.

关键词： Diabetic cardiomyopathy Protein tyrosine kinases FGFR1 Cardiomyocytes Inflammatory responses Toll-like receptor4 c-Src NFkB

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Semi-Varying Coefficient Panel Data Model with Technical Indicators Predicts Stock Returns in Financial Market

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1638-1652页

作者： hu Xuemei PAN Ying LI xiang School of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing Key Laboratory of Social Economy and Applied Statistics Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtse River Chongqing Technology and Business University

Accurately predicting stock returns is a conundrum in financial market. Solving this conundrum can bring huge economic benefits for investors and also attract the attention of all circles of people. In this paper the authors combine semi-varying coefficient model with technical analysis and statistical learning, and propose semi-varying coefficient panel data model with individual effects to explore the dynamic relations between the stock returns from five companies: CVX, DFS, EMN, LYB,and MET and five technical indicators: CCI, EMV, MOM, ln ATR, ln RSI as well as closing price(ln CP), combine semi-parametric fixed effects estimator, semi-parametric random effects estimator with the testing procedure to distinguish fixed effects(FE) from random effects(RE), and finally apply the estimated dynamic relations and the testing set to predict stock returns in December 2020 for the five companies. The proposed method can accommodate the varying relationship and the interactive relationship between the different technical indicators, and further enhance the prediction accuracy to stock returns.

关键词： Fixed effects random effects semi-varying coefficient panel data model stock returns technical indicators

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Interregional Value-Added Tax in the Era of E-Commerce: Tax Policy Design Based on Big Data from Online Retailing

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Journal of Social Computing 2024年第1期5卷 46-57页

作者： Yu Chen Luwei xiang hu Yang School of Public Finance and Taxation Central University of Finance and EconomicsBeijing 100008China School of Management and Economics The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172China School of Information Central University of Finance and EconomicsBeijing 100008China

The value-added tax(VAT)in China is levied and allocated based on the origin principle.Under the background of the increasing substitution of online retail for traditional offline retail,this mechanism will exacerbate the disparity of regional tax revenue,and intensify tax competition among local governments.Therefore,reconsidering the allocation mechanism of value-added tax in China can be an important policy decision,and it is influenced by various economic and social factors.Firstly,we utilize large-scale retail transaction data from an e-commerce platform to measure regional disparities in retail and consumption among different regions and then reveals present tax policy results in revenue imbalance in different regions.Secondly,we establish a model based on game theory to illustrate how the origin principle leads to fierce tax competition among regions.Furthermore,by establishing and solving tax allocation models between local governments and the central government,this study simulates and calculates the degree of revenue imbalance under different scenarios and attempts to propose policy measures.The results indicate that implementing the destination principle will reduce regional tax imbalances.Moreover,adjusting the allocation ratio between the central government and local governments based on city levels is advantageous for further reducing regional tax revenue disparities.

关键词： value-added tax e-commerce destination principle origin principle

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Angiosperm-wide analysis of fruit and ovary evolution aided by a new nuclear phylogeny supports association of the same ovary type with both dry and fleshy fruits

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 228-251页

作者： Yezi xiang Taikui Zhang Yiyong Zhao Hongjin Dong Hongyi Chen Yi hu Chien-Hsun huang Jun xiang Hong Ma State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologyCenter of Evolutionary BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of Biology Howard Hughes Medical InstituteDuke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Biology the Eberly College of Scienceand the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciencesthe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization College of Biology and Agricultural ResourcesHuanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China

Fruit functions in seed protection and dispersal and belongs to many dry and fleshy types,yet their evolutionary pattern remains unclear in part due to uncertainties in the phylogenetic relationships among several orders and families.Thus we used nuclear genes of 502 angiosperm species representing 231 families to reconstruct a well supported phylogeny,with resolved relationships for orders and families with previously uncertain placements.Using this phylogeny as a framework,molecular dating supports a Triassic origin of the crown angiosperms,followed by the emergence of most orders in the Jurassic and Cretaceous and their rise to ecological dominance during the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution.The robust phylogeny allowed an examination of the evolutionary pattern of fruit and ovary types,revealing a trend of parallel carpel fusions during early diversifications in eudicots,monocots,and magnoliids.Moreover,taxa in the same order or family with the same ovary type can develop either dry or fleshy fruits with strong correlations between specific types of dry and fleshy fruits;such associations of ovary,dry and fleshy fruits define several ovaryfruit"modules"each found in multiple families.One of the frequent modules has an ovary containing multiple ovules,capsules and berries,and another with an ovary having one or two ovules,achenes(or other single-seeded dry fruits)and drupes.This new perspective of relationships among fruit types highlights the closeness of specific dry and fleshy fruit types,such as capsule and berry,that develop from the same ovary type and belong to the same module relative to dry and fleshy fruits of other modules(such as achenes and drupes).Further analyses of gene families containing known genes for ovary and fruit development identified phylogenetic nodes with multiple gene duplications,supporting a possible role of whole-genome duplications,in combination with climate changes and animal behaviors,in angiosperm fruit and ovary diversification.

关键词： angiosperm fruit evolution MADS-box molecular clock nuclear phylogeny ovary and fruit developmental genes

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Effectivity and safety of trifocal intraocular lenses and capsular tension rings implantation for cataract patients with axial high myopia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 499-508页

作者： Shan hua Qiu-Xia Xie hu Wang Jing-xiang Zhong Dongguan Aier Eye Hospital Jinan UniversityDongguan 523106Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityDongguan 523576Guangdong ProvinceChina

●AIM:To assess effectivity and safety of trifocal intraocular lenses(IOLs)and capsular tension rings in treating cataract patients with axial high myopia.●METHODS:A prospective nonrandomized controlled clinical trial was conducted.Totally 98 eyes(74 patients)who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)with trifocal IOLs were enrolled in the study and followed up for 2y after surgery:46 eyes(33 patients)with capsular tension ring implantation in the long axial lengths(AL)group(260.05).The dysfunctional lens index and total modulation transfer function(MTF)average height were similar between the two groups.The postoperative internal coma aberrations in the axial high myopia eyes were significantly higher than that in the normal AL group(P<0.05).The total satisfaction score in the long AL group(91.32±2.76)was slightly higher than that in the normal AL group(90.36±3.47),but there was no difference(P=0.136).A statistically negative correlation was found between corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA)and dysfunctional lens index(r=-0.382,P=0.009),and between CDVA and the total MTF average height(r=-0.374,P=0.01).But there was no significant correlation between CDVA and total satisfaction score(r=0.059,P=0.696).Postoperative complications mainly presented as posterior capsular opacity(PCO),retinal detachment and cystoid macular edema.There was no difference in the incidence of fundus disease(6.5%vs 3.8%,P=0.663)or PCO(1

关键词： trifocal intraocular lenses capsular tension ring axial high myopia cataract visual quality

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Toward a fundamental understanding of the heterogeneous multiphysics behaviors of silicon monoxide/graphite composite anodes

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 142-158页

作者： xiang Gao Suli Li Jiachen Xue Dianyang hu Jun Xu Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA Vehicle Energy and Safety Laboratory(VESL) Battery ComplexityAutonomous Vehicleand Electrification(BATT CAVE)Research CenterUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA Zhuhai CosMX Battery Co.Ltd. ZhuhaiGuangdongChina School of Data Science University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA

Silicon monoxide(SiO)(silicon[Si]mixed with silicon dioxide[SiO_(2)])/graphite(Gr)composite material is one of the most commercially promising anode materials for the next generation of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.The major bottleneck for SiO/Gr composite anode is the poor cyclability arising from the stress/strain behaviors due to the mismatch between two heterogenous materials during the lithiation/delithiation process.To date,a meticulous and quantitative understanding of the highly nonlinear coupling behaviors of such materials is still lacking.Herein,an electro–chemo–mechanics-coupled detailed model containing particle geometries is established.The underlying mechanism of the regulation between SiO and Gr components during electrochemical cycling is quantitatively revealed.We discover that increasing the SiO weight percentage(wt%)reduces the utilization efficiency of the active materials at the same 1C rate charging and enhances the hindering effects of stress-driven flux on diffusion.In addition,the mechanical constraint demonstrates a balanced effect on the overall performance of cells and the local behaviors of particles.This study provides new insights into the fundamental interactions between SiO and Gr materials and advances the investigation methodology for the design and evaluation of next-generation high-energydensity batteries.

关键词： interactions lithium-ion batteries mechanical constraint multiphysics modeling Si-based anode

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Research progress and prospects on the formation mechanism of macrosegregation and shrinkage porosity in large steel ingots

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第3期34卷 470-481页

作者： xiang Liu Chaojie Zhang Shaowei hu Liqiang Zhang Haichuan Wang School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of Technology

Macrosegregation and shrinkage porosity in large steel ingots are key factors restricting the homogenization of large cast and forged parts. Due to the complex mechanisms of their formation, they have always been challenging issues in the research on solidification control of large steel ingots. The purpose of this review is to systematically revisit the research progress on the mechanisms of macrosegregation and shrinkage porosity formation in large steel ingots, focusing on the mechanisms of formation of 'A' type segregation, positive segregation at the top, and negative segregation at the bottom, and their impact on the quality of steel ingots. At the same time, the conditions and influencing factors for the formation of shrinkage porosity are analyzed in detail, and the interaction between macrosegregation and shrinkage porosity during the solidification process of steel ingots is discussed.Based on existing research results and challenges, prospects for future research directions are proposed,emphasizing the development of high-precision numerical simulation techniques and experimental research methods to deeply understand the internal mechanisms of segregation and porosity formation, providing a scientific basis for formulating effective control strategies.

关键词： Large steel ingot Macrosegregation Mathematical model Shrinkage porosity Solidification process

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Mg-Al-hydrotalcite with alkaline sites protects Ni/KIT-6 from formation of amorphous coke in glycerol steam reforming via tailoring reaction intermediates

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 25-39页

作者： Yunyu Guo Yiran Wang Yuewen Shao Shu Zhang Yi Wang Song hu Jun xiang Xun hu School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

During steam reforming,the performance of a catalyst and amount/property of coke are closely related to reaction intermediates reaching surface of a catalyst.Herein,modification of reaction intermediates by placing Mg-Al-hydrotalcite above Ni/KIT-6 catalyst in steam reforming of glycerol was conducted at 300 to 600°C.The results revealed that the catalytic activity of Ni/KIT-6 in the lower bed was enhanced with either Mg1-Al5-hydrotalcite(containing more acidic sites)or Mg5-Al1-hydrotalcite(containing more alkaline sites)as upper-layer catalyst.The in situ infrared characterization of steam reforming demonstrated that Mg-Al-hydrotalcite catalyzed the deoxygenation of glycerol,facilitating the reforming of the partially deoxygenated intermediates over Ni/KIT-6.Mg-Al-hydrotalcite as protective catalyst,however,did not protect the Ni/KIT-6 from formation of more coke.Nonetheless,this did not lead to further deactivation of Ni/KIT-6 while Mg5-Al1-hydrotalcite even substantially enhanced the catalytic stability,even though the coke was much more significant than that in the use of single Ni/KIT-6(52.7%vs.28.6%).The reason beneath this was change of the property of coke from more aliphatic to more aromatic.Mg5-Al1-hydrotalcite catalyzed dehydration of glycerol,producing dominantly reaction intermediates bearing C=C,which formed the catalytic coke of with carbon nanotube as the main form with smooth outer walls as well as higher aromaticity,C/H ratio,crystallinity,crystal carbon size,thermal stability,and resistivity toward oxidation on Ni/KIT-6 in the lower bed.In comparison,the abundance of acidic sites on Mg1-Al5-hydrotalcite catalyzed the formation of more oxygen-containing species,leading to the formation of carbon nanotubes of rough surface on Ni/KIT-6.

关键词： steam reforming of glycerol Mg-Alhydrotalcite sacrificial catalyst reaction intermediates property of coke

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Steam reforming of acetic acid over Ni/biochar of low metal-loading:Involvement of biochar in tailoring reaction intermediates renders superior catalytic performance

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 241-252页

作者： Yunyu Guo Yiran Wang Shu Zhang Yi Wang Song hu Jun xiang Walid Nabgan Xun hu School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Departament d'Enginyeria Química Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona 43007Spain

Biochar is a reactive carrier as it may be partially gasified with steam in steam reforming,which could influence the formation of reaction intermediates and modify catalytic behaviors.Herein,the Ni/biochar as well as two comparative catalysts,Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2),with low nickel loading(2%(mass))was conducted to probe involvement of the varied carriers in the steam reforming.The results indicated that the Ni/biochar performed excellent catalytic activity than Ni/SiO_(2) and Ni/Al_(2)O_(3),as the biochar carrier facilitated quick conversion of the eOH from dissociation of steam to gasify the oxygen-rich carbonaceous intermediates like C]O and CeOeC,resulting in low coverage while high exposure of nickel species for maintaining the superior catalytic performance.In converse,strong adsorption of aliphatic intermediates over Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2) induced serious coking with polymeric coke as the main type(21.5%and 32.1%,respectively),which was significantly higher than that over Ni/biochar(3.9%).The coke over Ni/biochar was mainly aromatic or catalytic type with nanotube morphology and high crystallinity.The high resistivity of Ni/biochar towards coking was due to the balance between formation of coke and gasification of coke and partially biochar with steam,which created developed mesopores in spent Ni/biochar while the coke blocked pores in Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2) catalysts.

关键词： Steam reforming Acetic acid Ni/biochar catalyst Property of coke Reaction intermediates

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