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Experimentally Ruling Out Joint Reality Based on Locality with Device-Independent Steering

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第1期41卷 1-5页

作者： Shuaining Zhang xiang Zhang Zhiyue zheng Wei Zhang Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

As an essential concept to understand the world,whether the real values(or physical realities)of observables are suitable to physical systems beyond the classic has been debated for many decades.Although standard nogo results based on Bell inequalities have ruled out the joint reality of incompatible quantum observables,the possibility of giving simple yet strong arguments to rule out joint reality in any physical system(not necessarily quantum)with weaker assumptions and less observables has been explored and proposed recently.Here,we perform a device-independent experiment on a two-qubit superconducting system to show that the joint reality of two observables is incompatible with locality under the weaker assumption of the reality of observables in a single space-time region(or single qubit).Our results clearly show the violation of certain inequalities derived from both linear and nonlinear criteria.In addition,we study the robustness of the linear and nonlinear criterion against the effect of systematic decoherence.Our demonstration opens up the possibility of delineating classical and non-classical boundaries with simpler nontrivial quantum system.

关键词： observable quantum system

Comment on“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 109-110页

作者： xiang-Yan Liu Yun-Yang Xu Ze xiang Shu-Sen zheng Shulan(Hangzhou)Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College Hangzhou 310015China Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310009China

To the Editor:We read with great interest the article by Schulze et al.entitled“Robotic surgery and liver transplantation:A single-center experience of 501 robotic donor hepatectomies”[1].It is the first single-center report including over 500 fully robotic donor hepatectomies.For the donors,the overall complication rate was 6.4%(n=32).Postoperative self-limiting bleeding(0.4%)and bile leakage from the resection plane(1.8%)were rare.

关键词： robotic Robotic center

A new scheme of climate-vegetation regionalization in the Hengduan Mountains Region

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 751-768页

作者： Xueqin ZHANG Xiaoming XU xiang LI Peng CUI Du zheng Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences-Higher Education Commission of PakistanIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The Hengduan Mountains Region(HMR) is essential for the future ecological protection, clean energy production,Sichuan-Xizang and Yunnan-Xizang railways, and other major infrastructure projects in China. The distributions of climate and vegetation exhibit significant regional differentiation and vertical zonality due to the rugged longitudinal ranges and gorges and the complex disaster-prone environments in HMR. Therefore, it is urgent to develop the climate-vegetation regionalization in HMR to effectively satisfy the national requirements such as agricultural production and ecological protection, mountain disaster risk prevention, and major project construction. We here develop a new scheme of climate-vegetation regionalization with the latest demarcation outcome of HMR, the ground observation from 122 meteorological stations in HMR and its surrounding areas during 1990–2019, and the high-precision remote sensing data of land cover types. The new scheme first constructs the regionalization index system, fully considering the extraordinarily complicated geomorphic pattern of mountains and valleys, the scarcity of meteorological observations, and the remarkable differentiation of climate and vegetation in HMR. The system consists of three primary regionalization indices(i.e., days with daily average temperature steady above 10°C, aridity index, and main vegetation types, dividing the temperature zones, moisture regions, and vegetation subregions, respectively) and three auxiliary indices of the accumulated temperature above 10°C, and the temperatures in January and July. Then, the HMR is divided into five temperature zones, 20 moisture regions, and 55 vegetation subregions. Compared with previous regionalization schemes, the new scheme optimizes the climate spatial interpolation model of thin plate smoothing spline suitable for the unique terrain in HMR. Moreover, the disputed division index threshold between different climatic zones(regions) is scientifically clarified using geographical detectors. Specifically, t

关键词： Climate-vegetation regionalization Thin plate smoothing spline(TPSS) GeoDetector Stepwise downscaling pane division method Hengduan Mountains Region

Ultrasound-driven self-decomposition porphyrins as metal-free CO precursors for gas and sonodynamic synergistic therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1624-1635页

作者： Shuxin Liu Jinjuan Ma xiang Xu Aiguo Wang Nan zheng School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Comparative Medicine Laboratory Animal Center Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116000China Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology Shenyang 116000China

Carbon monoxide(CO) is an endogenous therapeutic gas with an anti-tumor effect. The precise delivery and controlled release of CO in tumor tissues play crucial roles in anti-cancer treatment. However, efficient in situ generation of CO from metal-free COreleasing molecules(CORMs) remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we develop ultrasound(US)-driven self-decomposition porphyrin as organic and metal-free US-CORMs, which can spatiotemporally control the CO release(347 mmol CO/mol porphyrin) efficiently under physiologically harmless US conditions(1.0 MHz, 1.5 W/cm^(2), 50% duty cycle, 50 min). Moreover,porphyrin as a sonosensitizer can also generate reactive oxygen species(ROS) under US treatment to achieve sonodynamic therapy(SDT). Advanced functions of such porphyrin-based CORMs in CO gas-sonodynamic synergistic treatment have been demonstrated by evaluating the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects.

关键词： porphyrin sonodynamic therapy metal-free CO precursors ultrasound-driven gas therapy

Electrostatic removal of ultrafine carbon black with square-grooved collecting plates:Insights for capturing black carbon emitted from ships

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 559-569页

作者： Zhicheng Wu YifanWang Lingyu Shao Hao Zhang Haobo Dai Haidong Fan Chenghang zheng xiang Gao State Key Lab of Clean Energy Utilization State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of ManchesterOxford RoadUnited Kingdom Zhejiang Tiandi Environmental Protection Engineering Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310012China Baima Lake Laboratory(Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Energy and Carbon Neutrality) Hangzhou 310000China

Ships and other mobile pollution sources emitted massive ultrafine and low-resistivity particles containing black carbon(BC),which were harmful to human health and were difficult to capture by conventional electrostatic precipitators(ESPs).In this study,nanoscale carbon black was adopted as simulated particles(SP)with similar physicochemical properties for black carbon emitted from ships(SP-BC)to investigate the feasibility of using an ESP with square-grooved collecting plates for the removal of SP-BC at low backpressures.The increased applied voltage significantly improved the total collection of SP-BC whereas may also promote the conversion of relatively larger particle size SP-BC into nano-size below 20nm.The outlet number concentration of SP-BC under 27 kV at 130℃was three times that of the inlet.While the reduction of the flow rate could strengthen the capture of SP-BC below20 nm,and under the combined action of low flow rate and maximum applied voltage,the collection efficiency of 20-100 nm SP-BC could exceed 90%.In addition,the escape and capture characteristics of SP-BC under long-term rapping were revealed.The square-grooved collecting plate could effectively restrain the re-entrainment of collected SP-BC generated by rapping,and the nanoscale SP-BC was trapped in the grooves after rapping.The results could provide insights into the profound removal of massive nanoscale black carbon emissions from mobile sources.

关键词： Simulated ship black carbon Electrostatic removal Square-grooved collecting plate Long-term rapping

DLF-YOLOF:an improved YOLOF-based surface defect detection for steel plate

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 442-451页

作者： Guang-hu Liu Mao-xiang Chu Rong-fen Gong Ze-hao zheng School of Electronic and Information Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051LiaoningChina

Surface defects can affect the quality of steel plate.Many methods based on computer vision are currently applied to surface defect detection of steel plate.However,their real-time performance and object detection of small defect are still unsatisfactory.An improved object detection network based on You Only Look One-level Feature(YOLOF)is proposed to show excellent performance in surface defect detection of steel plate,called DLF-YOLOF.First,the anchor-free detector is used to reduce the network hyperparameters.Secondly,deformable convolution network and local spatial attention module are introduced into the feature extraction network to increase the contextual information in the feature maps.Also,the soft non-maximum suppression is used to improve detection accuracy significantly.Finally,data augmentation is performed for small defect objects during training to improve detection accuracy.Experiments show the average precision and average precision for small objects are 42.7%and 33.5%at a detection speed of 62 frames per second on a single GPU,respectively.This shows that DLF-YOLOF has excellent performance to meet the needs of industrial real-time detection.

关键词： Steel surface defects detection YOLOF Anchor-free detector Small object detection Real-time detection

Precipitating thermally reinforcement phase in aluminum alloys for enhanced strength at 400℃

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 71-82页

作者： xiang Su Yuan Lei Yang Chen Hongjie Qu Zhixiang Qi Gong zheng Xu Liu Henggao xiang Guang Chen National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and DesignMinistry of EducationNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Aviation and Mechanical Engineering Changzhou Institute of TechnologyChangzhou 213032China

Heat-resistant aluminum alloys are widely used in aerospace and automotive fields for manufacturing hot components due to their advantages in lightweight design and energy conservation.However,the high-temperature strength of existing cast aluminum alloys is always limited to about 100 MPa at 350℃due to coarsening and transformation of strengthening phases.Here,we reveal that the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the T6 state Al-8.4Cu-2.3Ce-1.0Mn-0.5Ni-0.2Zr alloy at 400◦C increase by 34%and 44%after re-aging at 300℃for 100 h,and its thermal strength exhibits distinguished ad-vantage over traditional heat-resistant aluminum alloys.The enhanced elevated-temperature strength is attributed to the reprecipitation of the Ni-bearing T-Al_(20)Cu_(2)Mn_(3)phase,whose number density increases over one time.The significant segregation of Ni,Ce,and Zr elements at the interfaces helps improve the thermal stability of the T phase.The thermostable T phase effectively strengthens the matrix by in-hibiting dislocation motion.Meanwhile,a highly interconnected 3D intermetallic network along the grain boundaries can still remain after long-term re-aging at 300℃,which is conducive to imposing a drag on the grain boundaries at high temperatures.This finding offers a viable route for enhancing the elevated-temperature strength of heat-resistant aluminum alloys,which could provide expanded opportunities for higher-temperature applications.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Precipitation Thermally reinforcement phase Re-aging treatment High-temperature strength

Addison's disease caused by adrenal tuberculosis may lead to misdiagnosis of major depressive disorder: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 217-223页

作者： Tian-xiang Zhang Hong-Yan Xu Wei Ma Jian-Bao zheng Department of Tuberculosis The Tuberculosis Hospital of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’an 710100Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Addison’s disease(AD)is a rare but potentially fatal disease in Western countries,which can easily be misdiagnosed at an early stage.Severe adrenal tuberculosis(TB)may lead to depression in patients.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of primary adrenal insufficiency secondary to adrenal TB with TB in the lungs and skin in a 48-year-old woman.The patient was misdiagnosed with depression because of her depressed mood.She had hyperpigmentation of the skin,nails,mouth,and lips.The final diagnosis was adrenal TB that resulted in the insufficient secretion of adrenocortical hormone.Adrenocortical hormone test,skin biopsy,T cell spot test of TB,and adrenal computed tomography scan were used to confirm the diagnosis.The patient’s condition improved after hormone replacement therapy and TB treatment.CONCLUSION Given the current status of TB in high-burden countries,outpatient doctors should be aware of and pay attention to TB and understand the early symptoms of AD.

关键词： Primary adrenal insufficiency Adrenal tuberculosis Fatigue Hypotension Hyperkalemia Hyponatremia Depression Case report

Modulation of d-orbital to realize enriched electronic cobalt sites in cobalt sulfide for enhanced hydrogen evolution in electrocatalytic water/seawater splitting

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 511-521页

作者： Jian-Peng Sun Yu zheng Zi-Sheng Zhang xiang-Chao Meng Zi-Zhen Li Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Shanxi Institute of Energy Taiyuan030600China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N6 N5Canada

Herein,a novel single-atomic Pt doping and interface-rich CoS/Co(OH)_(2)(Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C)electrocatalyst has been successfully prepared.Benefiting from precise regulation of d-orbital electronic structure modulation on Co site,Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C exhibited remarkable HER activity and high stability for hydrogen evolution in splitting both water(73 mV@10 mA·cm^(−2)) and seawater(87 mV@10 mA·cm^(−2)).Notably,atomic Pt doping was introduced into CoS/Co(OH)_(2),which could produce local unbalanced Coulombic force and significantly increased the number of S vacancies,and then expose abundant Co sites.Meantime,Co(OH)_(2) in Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C could act as the adsorption sites for H_(2)O in hydrogen evolution reaction process.Density functional theory results also proved that atomic Pt doping,S vacancies and Co(OH)_(2) coupling could result in the formation of enriched electronic Co sites and optimize d_(z2) orbital electronic structure,and then realize the depth upward shift of d-band center and enhance the adsorption of H*on Co sites.

关键词： Electrocatalysts Hydrogen evolution reaction Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2) d-band center Electronic structure Water/seawater electrolysis