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Differences between two wheat genotypes in the development of floret primordia and contents of pigments and hormones

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1196-1207页

作者： Liangyun Wen Yaqun Liu Bingjin Zhou Wan sun Xuechen Xiao Zhimin Wang zhencai sun zhen Zhang Yinghua Zhang College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas Cangzhou 061800HebeiChina

Promoting more floret primordia within a spike to acquire fertile potential during the differentiation and pre-dimorphism phases is critical for increasing the number of fertile florets per spike(NFFs).However,it is yet unknown the physiological mechanism regulating the complex and dynamic *** study aimed to clarify how intra-spike hormones,pigments,and assimilates coordinate with each other to regulate spike morphology and then floret primordia development.A two-year field experiment was conducted with two winter wheat genotypes:N50(big-spike with greater NFFs)and SM22(mediumspike with fewer NFFs).We monitored high temporal and spatial-resolution changes in the number and morphology of floret primordia within a spike,as well as in intra-spike hormones,pigments,and *** results revealed that the big-spike genotype had more NFFs than the medium-spike genotype,not only because they had more spikelets,but also because they had greater NFFs mainly at central *** floret primordia at central spikelets had sufficient time to develop and acquire fertile potential during the differentiation phase(167-176 d after sowing,DAS)and the pre-dimorphism phase(179 DAS)for the big-spike genotype than the medium-spike *** primordia with fertile morphology during the pre-dimorphism phase always developed into fertile florets during the dimorphism *** early-developed floret primordia most proximal and intermediate to the rachis in the big-spike genotype developed faster than the medium-spike ***,the spike dry matter and pigments(chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotene,and carotenoids)content during 170-182 DAS,auxin(IAA)and cytokinin(CTK)content on 167 DAS were significantly higher in the big-spike genotype than in the medium-spike genotype,while jasmonic acid(JA)content was significantly lower in the big-spike genotype compared to the medium-spike genotype during 167-182 *** the significant differences in intra-s

关键词： Fertile florets Floret primordia development Intra-spike hormones Jasmonic acid Photosynthetic pigments

Optimization of the methane production in batch anaerobic digestion of maize straw by adjustment of total solid and substrate-to-inoculum ratio based on kinetics

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 225-231页

作者： Feng zhen Tao Xing Lianhua Li Yongming sun Hongqiong Zhang Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development Guangzhou 510640China College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)operating under conditions of organic overload stress typically exacerbates the potential for process instability,thereby resulting in significant economic and ecological *** this investigation,an augmented substrate-to-inoculum ratio(S/I)along with varying total solid content(TS)levels was employed to replicate diverse organic loadings,utilizing maize straw and cattle *** findings reveal that a moderate augmentation in S/I and TS proves advantageous in augmenting methane yield,while an excessive substrate loading diminishes methane yield,hampers the kinetics of methane production,and even induces severe process *** study also displayed the variation of the model parameters for the first-order model,the modified Gompertze model,and the transfer function *** the modified Gompertze model and transfer function model exhibited the same environmental stress ***,both the increase in particulate content and the increase in S/I had a substantial effect on the substrate conversion rate to *** analysis demonstrates the dominant influence of Firmicutes and Methanosarcina under different organic loading *** both a kinetic and a microbiological point of view,this work provides novel insights into the fundamental processes that regulate anaerobic digestion(AD)under varying loading ***,it has significant implications for improving the operating efficiency of AD,which is a significant benefit.

关键词： maize straw dry anaerobic digestion methane production microbial characteristics kinetic model

A dynamic regulation of nitrogen on floret primordia development in wheat

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 271-280页

作者： zhen Zhang Yujing Li Yuxun Wu Xiaoyu zheng Xiaolei Guo Wan sun zhencai sun Zhimin Wang Yinghua Zhang College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas Cangzhou 061800HebeiChina

Nitrogen(N)fertilization is critical for spike and floret development,which affects the number of fertile florets per spike(NFFs).However,the physiological regulation of the floret development process by N fertilization is largely unknown.A high temporal-resolution investigation of floret primordia number and morphology,dry matter,and N availability was conducted under three N fertilization levels:0(N0),120(N1)and 240(N2)kg ha^(−1).Interestingly,fertile florets at anthesis stage were determined by those floret primordia with meiotic ability at booting stage:meiotic ability was a threshold that predicted whether a floret primordium became fertile or abortive *** the developmental rate of the 4th floret primordium in the central spikelet was accelerated and then they acquired meiotic ability,the NFFs increased gradually as N application increased,but the increase range decreased under *** were no differences in spike N concentration among treatments,but leaf N concentration was increased in the N1 and N2 ***,dry matter accumulation and N content of the leaf and spike in the N1 and N2 treatments was increased as compared to ***,optimal N fertilization increased leaf N availability and transport of assimilates to spikes,and allowed more floret primordia to acquire meiotic ability and become fertile florets,finally increasing *** was no difference in leaf N concentration between N1 and N2 treatment,whereas soil N concentration at 0–60 cm soil layers was higher in N2 than in N1 treatment,implying that there was still some N fertilization that remained ***,improving the leaf’s ability to further use N fertilizer is vital for greater NFFs.

关键词： Fertile florets Floret primordia Grain number Meiotic ability Morphological development

Assessment of the Southern Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Biases in CMIP5 and CMIP6 Models

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1135-1150页

作者： GAO zhen ZHAO Shichang LIU Qinyu LONG Shang-Min sun Shantong Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural Resources Hohai University College of Oceanography Hohai University Laoshan Laboratory Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China

This work evaluates the performances of climate models in simulating the Southern Ocean(SO) sea surface temperature(SST) by a large ensemble from phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5 and CMIP6). By combining models from the same community sharing highly similar SO SST biases and eliminating the effect of global-mean biases on local SST biases, the results reveal that the ensemble-mean SO SST bias at 70° – 30°S decreases from 0.38℃ in CMIP5 to 0.28℃ in CMIP6, together with increased intermodel consistency. The dominant mode of the intermodel variations in the zonal-mean SST biases is characterized as a meridional uniform warm bias pattern, explaining 79.1% of the intermodel variance and exhibiting positive principal values for most models. The ocean mixed layer heat budget further demonstrates that the SST biases at 70° – 50°S primarily result from the excessive summertime heating effect from surface net heat flux. The biases in surface net heat flux south of 50°S are largely impacted by surface shortwave radiation from cloud and clear sky components at different latitudes. North of 50°S, the underestimated westerlies reduce the northward Ekman transport and hence northward cold advection in models, leading to warm SST biases year-round. In addition, the westerly biases are primarily traced back to the atmosphere-alone model simulations forced by the observed SST and sea ice. These results disclose the thermal origin at the high latitude and dynamical origin at the low latitude of the SO SST biases and underscore the significance of the deficiencies of atmospheric models in producing the SO SST biases.

关键词： atmospheric biases cloud simulation CMIP5 CMIP6 Southern Ocean SST biases surface heat flux westerlies

Dynamic Response of A Group of Cylindrical Storage Tanks with Baffles Considering the Effect of Soil Foundation

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 129-143页

作者： sun Ying WANG Jia-dong HUO Rui-li ZHOU Ding GU zhen-yuan QIAN Wang-ping School of Transportation and Civil Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China College of Civil Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

The sloshing in a group of rigid cylindrical tanks with baffles and on soil foundation under horizontal excitation is studied *** solutions for the velocity potential are derived out by the liquid subdomain *** models with mass-spring oscillators are established to replace continuous *** with the least square technique,Chebyshev polynomials are employed to fit horizontal,rocking and horizontal-rocking coupling impedances of soil,respectively.A lumped parameter model for impedance is presented to describe the effects of soil on tank structures.A mechanical model for the soil-foundation-tank-liquid-baffle system with small amount of calculation and high accuracy is proposed using the substructure *** analytical solutions are in comparison with data from reported literature and numerical codes to validate the effectiveness and correctness of the *** dynamic properties and seismic responses of the soil-tank system are given for the baffle number,size and location as well as soil parameter.

关键词： cylindrical tanks multiple annular baffles equivalent analytical model soil−structure interaction subdomain method dynamic response

Cardiotoxicity induced by fluoropyrimidine drugs in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 251-254页

作者： Mo-Wei Kong Feng-Di sun zhen-Ying Pei Li Xu Ze-Bi Wang Yan Chen Shu-Qing Tang Ting-Fang Yang Guo-xiang He Department of Cardiology Guiqian International General HospitalGuiyang 550018Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Oncology Guiqian International General HospitalGuiyang 550018Guizhou ProvinceChina

In this editorial,we review the article published in World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019,11:*** specifically focus on the occurrence,clinical characteristics,and risk factors of fluoropyrimidine drug-related cardiotoxicity in patients with gastrointestinal *** significant advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques that have reduced mortality rates associated with digestive system tumors,the incidence and mortality rates of treatment-related car-diotoxicity have been increasing,severely impacting the survival and prognosis of cancer *** drugs are widely used as antimetabolites in the treatment of malignant tumors,including gastrointestinal tumors,and they represent the second largest class of drugs associated with ***,there is often a lack of awareness or understanding regarding their cardiotoxic effects and associated risks.

关键词： Cardiotoxicity Gastrointestinal tumors Risk factors Fluoropyrimidine Chest pain

Association between Gene Polymorphisms and SNP-SNP Interactions of the Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Signaling Pathway and the Risk of Vascular Senescence

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 146-156页

作者： LIAO zhen Yu YANG Shuo HU Song LIU Jia MAO Yong Jun sun Shu Qin Department of Geriatrics the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000ShandongChina Department of Critical Care Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000ShandongChina

Objective This study aimed to explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)in the matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2)signaling pathway and the risk of vascular senescence(VS).Methods In this cross-sectional study,between May and November 2022,peripheral venous blood of151 VS patients(case group)and 233 volunteers(control group)were *** SNPs were identified in five genes encoding the components of the MMP-2 signaling pathway,assessed through carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity(cf PWV),and analyzed using multivariate logistic *** multigene influence on the risk of VS was assessed using multifactor dimensionality reduction(MDR)and generalized multifactor dimensionality regression(GMDR)*** Within the multivariate logistic regression models,four SNPs were screened to have significant associations with VS:chemokine(C-C motif)ligand 2(CCL2)rs4586,MMP2 rs14070,MMP2rs7201,and MMP2 *** of the T/C genotype of MMP2 rs14070 had a 2.17-fold increased risk of developing VS compared with those of the C/C genotype,and those of the T/T genotype had a19.375-fold increased ***2 rs4586 and MMP-2 rs14070 exhibited the most significant *** CCL2 rs4586,MMP-2 rs14070,MMP-2 rs7201,and MMP-2 rs1053605 polymorphisms were significantly associated with the risk of VS.

关键词： Vascular senescence Pulse wave velocity(PWV) Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) Matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2) Extracellular matrix(ECM) Structural degradation Multifactor dimensionality reduction(MDR)

Laser constructed vacancy-rich TiO_(2-x)/Ti microfiber via enhanced interfacial charge transfer for operando extraction-SERS sensing

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 187-192页

作者： Ying Hou zhen Liu Xiaoyan Liu Zhiwei sun Zenan Wang Hong Liu Weijia Zhou Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJi’nan 250022China State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250100China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Semiconductor-molecule surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS),especially the stronger interfacial charge transfer process(ICTP),represents a frontier in the field of SERS with spectral reproducibility and unparalleled ***,through a laser microfabrication method in situ,the free-standing,super hydrophilic and vacancy-rich TiO_(2-x)/Ti is successfully *** blue TiO_(x)/Ti(B-TiO_(x)/Ti)as preconcentrated substrate,a nanomolar-level limit of detection of 12 nmol/L at 1385 cm–1,is confirmed using crystal violet(CV)bacteriostat as a model under 532 nm ***,the results demonstrate that the SERS enhancement mechanism is via the moderate adulteration of oxygen vacancy,which leads to a narrow value of band gap and increases the ICTP of substrate to *** a hand-held extractor assembled with B-TiO_(x)/Ti microfiber,the operando analysis of mixtures distributed information excited in different parts of Asian carp is facilely *** work guides the controlled synthesis of vacancy-rich TiO_(2-x)/Ti nanostructure and its application in ultrasensitive extraction-SERS *** also provides the direction for the rapid and operando transmission of biological information with temporal and spatial concentration distribution in human tissues by highly sensitized materials.

关键词： Defect engineering TiO_(2-x)/Ti microfiber Laser microfabrication Surface-enhanced Raman scattering Solid phase microextraction Operando sensing

A Novel Trajectory Tracking Control of AGV Based on Udwadia-Kalaba Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 1069-1071页

作者： Rongrong Yu Han Zhao Shengchao zhen Kang Huang Xianmin Chen Hao sun Ke Shao the School of Mechanical Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China the College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China the University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

Dear Editor,This letter is about an automated guided vehicle(AGV)trajectory tracking control method based on Udwadia-Kalaba(U-K)*** method provides a novel,concise and explicit motion equation for constrained mechanical systems with holonomic and/or nonholonomic constraints as well as constraints that may be ideal or *** this letter.

关键词： letter constraints constrained