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Resolving the geometric structure of trastuzumab by mobility capillary electrophoresis and native mass spectrometry

Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 221-225页

作者： Wenjing Zhang Jie hong Lei Yang Zuqiang Xu Yu xiang Wei Xu School of Life Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Available online Immunoglobulins G(IgGs)are Y-shaped globular proteins,however,their high flexibility and heterogeneity pose great challenges to their structure and conformation *** structure of IgG closely correlates to its biofunctions,such as the antibody escape of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)could attribute to the distance mismatch between the ends of two Fab arms(antigen-binding sites)and envelope glycoprotein spikes on virion ***,we report the first use of mobility capillary electrophoresis(MCE)and native mass spectrometry(nMS)to resolve the internal geometric structure and conformation of an IgG(trastuzumab)in solution *** proteolysis,the ellipsoid dimensions of IgG and its subunits were measured by MCE-nMS *** was then reconstructed,in which the sizes and relative positions of these three subunits in three-dimensional space were *** was found that the two Fab arms have an angle of~102.1°and a distance of~11.0 nm between the two antigen-binding sites under native condition,and the Fc arm was tilted~16.0°towards one of the Fab *** was not on the plane of Fab-Fab,but has an angle of no larger than 103.1°.Under acidic environment(pH 3.0),each subunit of the IgG would unfold into larger dimensions,and the angles between these subunits also *** great potential for tumor imaging and therapy,the structure of F(ab')_(2)fragments was also measured and validated by molecular dynamic *** was found that the electrostatic force among these three subunits and steric hindrance stemming from Fc help maintaining the angle between two Fab arms.

关键词： Native mass spectrometry Mobility capillary electrophoresis Trastuzumab Protein structure Geometric structure

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Track-Pattern-Based Characteristics of Extratropical Transitioning Tropical Cyclones in the Western North Pacific

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1251-1263页

作者： hong huang Dan WU Yuan WANG Zhen WANG Yu LIU College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410000China No.31631 Army of PLA Huizhou 516000China School of Atmospheric Sciences and Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education Nanjing 210023China No.93721 Army of PLA Shuozhou 038300China

Based on the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center(RSMC)Tokyo-Typhoon Center best-track data and the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis dataset,extratropical transitioning(ET)tropical cyclones(ETCs)over the western North Pacific(WNP)during 1951–2021 are classified into six clusters using the fuzzy c-means clustering method(FCM)according to their track *** characteristics of the six hard-clustered ETCs with the highest membership coefficient are *** tropical cyclones(TCs)that were assigned to clusters C2,C5,and C6 made landfall over eastern Asian countries,which severely threatened these *** landfalling TCs,93.2%completed their ET after landfall,whereas 39.8%of ETCs completed their transition within one *** frequency of ETCs over the WNP has decreased in the past four decades,wherein cluster C5 demonstrated a significant decrease on both interannual and interdecadal timescales with the expansion and intensification of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH).This large-scale circulation pattern is favorable for C2 and causes it to become the dominant track pattern,owning to it containing the largest number of intensifying ETCs among the six clusters,a number that has increased insignificantly over the past four *** surface roughness variation and three-dimensional background circulation led to C5 containing the maximum number of landfalling TCs and a minimum number of intensifying *** results will facilitate a better understanding of the spatiotemporal distributions of ET events and associated environment background fields,which will benefit the effective monitoring of these events over the WNP.

关键词： Western North Pacific tropical cyclone extratropical transition fuzzy c-means clustering method

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Identifying Three New AGNs among Fermi Unidentified Gigaelectronvolt Sources

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第7期24卷 257-267页

作者： Shun-Hao Ji Zhong-xiang Wang Qiang-Meng huang Ruo-Heng Yang Department of Astronomy School of Physics and AstronomyYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China

We report our identification of three gigaelectronvoltγ-ray sources,4FGL J0502.6+0036,4FGL J1055.9+6507,and 4FGL J1708.2+5519,as Active Galactic Nuclei(AGNs).They are listed in the latest Fermi-Large Area Telescope source catalog as unidentified *** find that the sources all showedγ-ray flux variations in recent *** different survey catalogs,we are able to find a radio source within the error circle of each source's *** analysis of optical sources in the fields allows us to determine the optical counterparts,which showed similar variation patterns to those seen inγ-*** optical counterparts have reported redshifts of 0.6,1.5,and 2.3,respectively,estimated from photometric *** addition,we also obtain an X-ray spectrum of 4FGL J0502.6+0036 and a flux upper limit on the X-ray emission of 4FGL J1055.9+6507 by analyzing the archival *** broadband spectral energy distributions of the three sources from radio toγ-rays are *** mainly theγ-ray properties of the three sources with those of different sub-classes of AGNs,we tentatively identify them as *** optical spectroscopy is highly warranted for obtaining their spectral features and thus verifying the identification.

关键词： gamma-rays galaxies-(galaxies)BL Lacertae objects general-(galaxies)quasars general

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Microstructure design of advanced magnesium-air battery anodes

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 443-464页

作者： Xu huang Qingwei Dai Qing xiang Na Yang Gaopeng Zhang Ao Shen Wanming Li School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China School of Materials and Architectural Engineering Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Material and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China

Metal-air battery is an environmental friendly energy storage system with unique open ***(Mg)and its alloys have been extensively attempted as anodes for air batteries due to high theoretical energy density,low cost,and ***,the study on Mg-air battery(MAB)is still at the laboratory level currently,mainly owing to the low anodic efficiency caused by the poor corrosion *** order to reduce corrosion losses and achieve optimal utilization efficiency of Mg anode,the design strategies are reviewed from microstructure ***,the corrosion behaviors have been discussed,especially the negative difference effect derived by hydrogen *** attention is given to the effect of anode micro-structures on the MAB,which includes grain size,grain orientation,second phases,crystal structure,twins,and *** further improvement,the discharge performance,long period stacking ordered phase and its enhancing effect are ***,given the current debates over Mg dendrites,the potential risk,the impact on discharge,and the elimination strategies are *** control and single crystal would be promising ways for MAB anode.

关键词： Magnesium Air battery Anode Microstructure Anodic efficiency

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Bond behavior of the interface between concrete and basalt fiber reinforced polymer bar after freeze–thaw cycles

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 630-641页

作者： Li hong Mingming LI Congming DU Shenjiang huang Binggen ZHAN Qijun YU Department of Structural Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Key Laboratory of Performance Evolution and Control for Engineering Structures Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Technology and Equipment for Cement-based Materials(Ministry of Education) Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Hefei Cement Research&Design Institute Corporation Ltd. Hefei 230051China

The shear bond of interface between concrete and basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars during freeze–thaw(F–T)cycles is crucial for the application of BFRP bar-reinforced concrete structures in cold *** this study,48 groups of pull-out specimens were designed to test the shear bond of the BFRP-concrete interface subjected to F–T *** effects of concrete strength,diameter,and embedment length of BFRP rebar were investigated under numerous F–T *** results showed that a larger diameter or longer embedment length of BFRP rebar resulted in lower interfacial shear bond behavior,such as interfacial bond strength,initial stiffness,and energy absorption,after the interface goes through F–T ***,higher concrete strength and fewer F–T cycles were beneficial for enhancing the interfacial bond ***,a three-dimensional(3D)interfacial model based on the finite element method was developed,and the interfacial bond behavior of the specimens was analyzed ***,a degradation bond strength subjected to F–T cycles was predicted by a proposed mechanical *** predictions were fully consistent with the tested *** model demonstrated accuracy in describing the shear bond behavior of the interface under numerous F–T cycles.

关键词： F-T cycle interface shear bond strength bond stress−slip curves bond degradation

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Microdynamic mechanical properties and fracture evolution mechanism of monzogabbro with a true triaxial multilevel disturbance method

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第3期34卷 385-411页

作者： Zhi Zheng Bin Deng hong Liu Wei Wang Shuling huang Shaojun Li State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of EducationCollege of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research InstituteWuhan 430015China

The far-field microdynamic disturbance caused by the excavation of deep mineral resources and underground engineering can induce surrounding rock damage in high-stress conditions and even lead to ***,the mechanical properties and damage/fracture evolution mechanisms of deep rock induced by microdynamic disturbance under three-dimensional stress states are ***,a true triaxial multilevel disturbance test method is proposed,which can completely simulate natural geostress,excavation stress redistribution(such as stress unloading,concentration and rotation),and subsequently the microdynamic disturbance triggering damaged rock *** on a dynamic true triaxial test platform,true triaxial microdynamic disturbance tests under different frequency and amplitudes were carried out on *** results show that increasing amplitude or decreasing frequency diminishes the failure strength of *** modulus gradually decreases during disturbance *** frequency and amplitude increase,the degradation rate of deformation modulus decreases slightly,disturbance dissipated energy increases significantly,and disturbance deformation anisotropy strengthens obviously.A damage model has been proposed to quantitatively characterize the disturbance-induced damage evolution at different frequency and amplitude under true triaxial *** disturbance failure,the micro-tensile crack mechanism is dominant,and the micro-shear crack mechanism increases significantly at *** the increase of amplitude and frequency,the micro-shear crack mechanism *** approaching disturbance failure,the acoustic emission fractal dimension changes from a stable value to local large oscillation,and finally increases sharply to a high value at ***,the disturbance-induced failure mechanism of surrounding rock in deep engineering is clearly elucidated.

关键词： True triaxial disturbance test Mechanical properties Fracture evolution mechanism Disturbance-induced damage evolution Failure mechanism and precursor

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Research progress of heterogeneous structure magnesium alloys:A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2147-2181页

作者： xiang Chen Junlei Zhang Min Wang Weizhang Wang Di Zhao Haiming huang Qi Zhao Xiaofei Xu hongxia Zhang Guangsheng huang Hubei Longzhong Laboratory Wuhan University of Technology Xiangyang Demonstration ZoneXiangyang 441000China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002China College of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery(Hubei University of Automotive Technology) Shiyan 442002China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Mechanical Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

In recent years,a new class of metallic materials featuring heterogeneous structures has *** materials consist of distinct soft and hard domains with significant differences in mechanical properties,allowing them to maintain high strength while offering superior ***(Mg)alloys,renowned for their low density,high specific strength,exceptional vibration damping,and electromagnetic shielding properties,exhibit tremendous potential as lightweight and functional *** their advantageous properties,high-strength Mg alloys often suffer from limited ***,the emergence of heterogeneous materials provides a fresh perspective for the development of Mg alloys with both high strength and *** article provided a fundamental overview of heterostructured materials and systematically reviewed the recent research progress in the design of Mg alloys with strength-ductility balance based on heterostructure *** review encompassed various aspects,including preparation methods,formation mechanisms of diverse heterostructures,and mechanical properties,both within domestic and international *** this basis,the article discussed the challenges encountered in the design and fabrication of heterostructured Mg alloys,as well as the urgent issues that require attention and resolution in the future.

关键词： Mg alloys Heterogeneous structure Processing techniques Strength and ductility Hetero-deformation induced stress Strain gradient

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Multicolor Circularly Polarized Luminescence of a Single-Component System Revealing Multiple Information Encryption

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 518-527页

作者： Ying Hu Zizhao huang Itamar Willner xiang Ma Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237 Institute of Chemistry The Center for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 91904

Metal-free materials with multicolor tunable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)are attractive because of their potential applications in information storage and ***,we designed two enantiomers composed of chiral dialkyl glutamides and achiral vibration-induced emission(VIE)moiety,which can switch on CPL after a simple gelation *** is noteworthy that the CPL colors vary in different solvents,and this is attributed to various self-assembly-induced microstructures,in which the VIE moiety is restrained to different ***,a multidimensional code system composed of a quick response code,a ultraviolet(UV)light-activated color code,and a CPL information figure was *** our satisfaction,the system possesses multiple information-storage *** orthogonal anticounterfeiting and CPLenhanced encryption functions also improve the system information encryption *** brief,this study provides a practical example of CPL applied to information security and an effective approach to obtain a single-component color-tunable CPL material with multiple information storage and encryption functions as well.

关键词： circularly polarized luminescence information storage and encryption multicolor tunable single component vibration-induced emission

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Single-cluster electronics using metallic clusters:Fabrications,regulations,and applications

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 65-78页

作者： Caiyun Wei Wei Xu Shurui Ji Ruiyun huang Junyang Liu Wenqiu Su Jie Bai Jiale huang Wenjing hong State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces National Engineering Research Centre of Chemicals for Electronic ManufacturingCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering&Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM)Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Metallic clusters,ranging from 1 to 2 nm in size,have emerged as promising candidates for creating nanoelectronic devices at the single-cluster *** the intermediate quantum properties between metals and semiconductors,these metallic clusters offer an alternative pathway to silicon-based electronics and organic molecules for miniaturized electronics with dimensions below 5 *** progress has been made in studies of single-cluster electronic ***,a clear guide for selecting,synthesizing,and fabricating functional single-cluster electronic devices is still *** review article provides a comprehensive overview of single-cluster electronic devices,including the mechanisms of electron transport,the fabrication of devices,and the regulations of electron transport ***,we discuss the challenges and future directions for single-cluster electronic devices and their potential applications.

关键词： single-cluster junctions electronic properties electron transport metallic clusters structure regulation

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Interfacial reaction between AZ91D magnesium alloy melt and mild steel under high temperature

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China Foundry 2024年第2期21卷 159-167页

作者： Jia-hong Dai Jian-yue Zhang Bin Jiang xiang-jun Xu Zhong-tao Jiang hong-mei Xie Qing-shan Yang Guo-qing Zhang College of Materials Science and Engineering Yangtze Normal UniversityChongqing 408100China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Jiulongyuan High-tech Industry Group Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400080China Loncin Industry Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400080China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Chongqing Key Laboratory of Materials Surface&Interface Science Chongqing University of Arts and SciencesChongqing 402160China School of Metallurgy and Material Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China

The metallurgical quality control of magnesium(Mg)and Mg alloys in melting process is required to ensure a satisfied mechanical and corrosion performance,while the typical used steel crucible introduces impurities and interfacial interaction during melting ***,a systematic study about impurities diffusion and interfacial interaction between molten Mg and steel is *** the present study,the interfacial reaction between molten AZ91D Mg alloy and mild steel during melting process was investigated with the melting temperatures of 700℃,750℃ and 800℃.The results show that Al(Fe,Mn)intermetallic layer is the intermetallic primarily formed at the interfaces of AZ91D melt and mild ***,Al_(8)(Mn,Fe)5is indexed between Al(Fe,Mn)and ***_(3)C appears between the mild steel and Al(Fe,Mn)at 700℃ and 750℃,but absent at 800℃ due to the increased solubility of carbon in Mg *** is found that the growth of the intermetallic layer is controlled by diffusion mechanism,and Al and Mn are the dominant diffusing species in the whole interfacial reaction *** measuring the thickness of different layers,the growth constant was *** increases from 1.89(±0.03)×10^(-12)m^(2)·s^(-1)at 700℃ to 3.05(±0.05)×10^(-12)m^(2)·s^(-1)at 750℃,and 5.18(±0.05)×10^(-12)m^(2)·s^(-1)at 800℃.Meanwhile,the content of Fe is linearly increased in AZ91D with the increase of holding time at 700℃ and 750℃,while it shows a significantly increment after holding for 8 h at 800℃,indicating holding temperature is more crucial to determine the Fe content of AZ91D than holding time.

关键词： AZ91D mild steel interface reaction intermetallic growth kinetics

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