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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 468-483页

作者： Shuanghe Cao Bingyan Liu Daowen Wang Awais Rasheed Lina Xie xianchun xia Zhonghu He State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/National Wheat Improvement Center Institute of Crop SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Achieving high yield and good quality in crops is essential for human food security and ***,there is usually disharmony between yield and *** storage protein(SSP)and starch,the predominant components in cereal grains,determine yield and quality,and their coupled synthesis causes a yield–quality ***,dissection of the underlying regulatory mechanism facilitates simultaneous improvement of yield and ***,we summarize current findings about the synergistic molecular machinery underpinning SSP and starch synthesis in the leading staple cereal crops,including maize,rice and *** further evaluate the functional conservation and differentiation of key regulators and specify feasible research approaches to identify additional regulators and expand *** also present major strategies to leverage resultant information for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality by molecular ***,future perspectives on major challenges are proposed.

关键词： cereal crops grain yield and quality seed storage protein starch synergistic regulation

Characterization of a 4.1 Mb inversion harboring the stripe rust resistance gene YR86 on wheat chromosome 2AL

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1168-1175页

作者： Qiang Cao Zhanwang Zhu Dengan Xu Jianhui Wu xiaowan Xu Yan Dong Yingjie Bian Fugong Ding Dehui Zhao Yang Tu Ling Wu Dejun Han Caixia Lan xianchun xia Zhonghu He Yuanfeng Hao College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China Food Crops Institute Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central ChinaWuhan 430064HubeiChina Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066SichuanChina Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina CIMMYT-China Office C/O CAASBeijing 100081China

Wheat cultivar Zhongmai 895 was earlier found to carry YR86 in an 11.6 Mb recombination-suppressed region on chromosome 2AL when crossed with Yangmai *** fine-map the YR86 locus,we developed two large F2 populations from crosses Emai 580/Zhongmai 895 and Avocet S/Zhongmai ***,both populations exhibited suppressed recombination in the same 2AL *** analysis across Chinese Spring,Aikang 58,and 10+wheat genomes revealed a 4.1 Mb chromosomal inversion spanning 708.5-712.6 Mb in the Chinese Spring reference *** markers were developed in the breakpoint and were used to assess a wheat cultivar panel,revealing that Chinese Spring,Zhongmai 895,and Jimai 22 shared a common sequence named InvCS,whereas Aikang 58,Yangmai 16,Emai 580,and Avocet S shared the sequence named *** inverted configuration explained the suppressed recombination observed in all three bi-parental *** recombination was observed in a Jimai 22/Zhongmai 895 F2 population,facilitating mapping of YR86 to a genetic interval of 0.15 cM corresponding to 710.27-712.56 Mb falling within the inverted ***-three high-confidence genes were annotated in the interval using the Chinese Spring reference genome,with six identified as potential candidates for YR86 based on genome and transcriptome *** results will accelerate map-based cloning of YR86 and its deployment in wheat breeding.

关键词： Adult-plant resistance Chromosomal inversion Puccinia striiformis Triticum aestivum

Dynamic metabolite QTL analyses provide novel biochemical insights into kernel development and nutritional quality improvement in common wheat

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 42-56页

作者： Bo Yin Jingqi Jia Xu Sun Xin Hu Min Ao Wei Liu Zhitao Tian Hongbo Liu Dongqin Li Wenfei Tian Yuanfeng Hao xianchun xia Nir Sade Yariv Brotman Alisdair RFernie Jie Chen Zhonghu He Wei Chen National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China National Wheat Improvement Center Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina School of Plant Sciences and Food Security The Institute for Cereal Crops ImprovementTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Yazhouwan National Laboratory Sanya 572025China

Despite recent advances in crop metabolomics,the genetic control and molecular basis of the wheat kernel metabolome at different developmental stages remain largely ***,we performed widely tar-geted metabolite profiling of kernels from three developmental stages(grain-filling kernels[FKs],mature kernels[MKs],and germinating kernels[GKs])using a population of 159 recombinant inbred *** de-tected 625 annotated metabolites and mapped 3173,3143,and 2644 metabolite quantitative trait loci(mQTLs)in FKs,MKs,and GKs,*** 52 mQTLs were mapped at all three stages,indicating the high stage specificity of the wheat kernel *** candidate genes were functionally vali-dated by in vitro enzymatic reactions and/or transgenic approaches in wheat,three of which mediated the tricin metabolic ***ﬂux efficiencies within the tricin pathway were evaluated,and su-perior candidate haplotypes were identified,comprehensively delineating the tricin metabolism pathway in ***,additional wheat metabolic pathways were re-constructed by updating them to incorporate the 177 candidate genes identified in this *** work provides new information on variations in the wheat kernel metabolome and important molecular resources for improvement of wheat nutritional quality.

关键词： mQTL wheat kernel development gene validation nutritional quality wheat

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陇东旱地冬小麦品种抗旱性鉴定

寒旱农业科学 2024年第6期3卷 522-526页

作者：杨虓刘自成夏先春陇东学院农业与生物工程学院甘肃庆阳745000 甘肃省旱地冬小麦种质创新与应用工程研究中心甘肃庆阳745000 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所北京100081

为研究陇东特殊干旱气候条件下抗旱育种的进展与现状,选取近20 a陇东旱地选育的14个冬小麦新品种(系)为材料,以籽粒产量抗旱指数等为全生育期抗旱性鉴定指标,在旱棚进行全生育期干旱胁迫试验。结果表明,陇育4号和宁麦5号抗旱指数在1.100... 详细信息

为研究陇东特殊干旱气候条件下抗旱育种的进展与现状,选取近20 a陇东旱地选育的14个冬小麦新品种(系)为材料,以籽粒产量抗旱指数等为全生育期抗旱性鉴定指标,在旱棚进行全生育期干旱胁迫试验。结果表明,陇育4号和宁麦5号抗旱指数在1.100~1.299范围内,抗旱级别为2级;陇育7号和陇鉴387抗旱指数在0.700~0.899范围内,抗旱级别为4级;其余10个材料抗旱指数在0.900~1.099范围内,抗旱级别为3级。抗旱性级别在2~3级的材料占85.7%。产量性状主因子分析发现,抗旱级别为2级的陇育4号和宁麦5号,在干旱胁迫下有效穗数、穗粒数和千粒重无明显变化;抗旱级别为4级的陇育7号和陇鉴387,在干旱胁迫下有效穗数、穗粒数和千粒重均减幅较大;抗旱级别为3级的其余10个材料在干旱条件下,其产量性状三要素有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重中只有一项发生变化,没有两项叠加变化。

关键词：陇东旱地冬小麦抗旱性抗旱指数产量因子

QTL mapping of adult plant resistance to stripe rust and leaf rust in a Fuyu 3/Zhengzhou 5389 wheat population

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The Crop Journal 2020年第4期8卷 655-665页

作者： Takele Weldu Gebrewahid Peipei Zhang Yue Zhou xiaocui Yan xianchun xia Zhonghu He Daqun Liu Zaifeng Li Department of Plant Pathology College of Plant ProtectionHebei Agricultural UniversityBiological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of HebeiBaoding 071001HebeiChina College of Agriculture Aksum University-Shire CampusTigrayEthiopia Baoding University Baoding 071001HebeiChina Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement CenterChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China

Stripe or yellow rust(YR)and leaf rust(LR)cause large losses in wheat production *** cultivars curtail the levels of *** present study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL)for YR and LR resistance in 147 F2:6 recombinant inbred lines(RIL)derived from the cross Fuyu 3/Zhengzhou *** RIL population and parents were genotyped with the Wheat55 K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array and simple sequence repeat(SSR)*** materials were also phenotyped for YR severity at Mianyang in Sichuan province and Baoding in Hebei province in the 2015/2016,2016/2017,and 2017/2018 cropping seasons,and LR severity at Zhoukou in Henan province and at Baoding in 2017/*** QTL for YR resistance and five for LR resistance were detected using inclusive composite interval mapping(Ici Mapping).Four of these QTL on chromosomes 1 BL,2 BS,3 AL,and 5 AL conferred resistance to both YR and *** QTL on 1 BL was Lr46/Yr29,and that on 7 BL might be *** QTL on chromosome 2 BS was detected at a similar position to previously detected ***-3 AL/***-3 AL,***-5 AL/***-5 AL,***-7 DL,***-4 BS,***-6 DL,and ***-2 AS are likely to be *** SSR marker for ***-7 DL was developed and validated in a diverse wheat panel from China,suggesting effectiveness in different genetic *** QTL with closely linked SNP and SSR markers could be useful for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs targeting durable resistance to both diseases.

关键词： mapping wheat breeding

QTL mapping of starch granule size in common wheat using recombinant inbred lines derived from a PH82-2/Neixiang188 cross

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The Crop Journal 2013年第2期1卷 166-171页

作者： Nan Feng Zhonghu He Yong Zhang xianchun xia Yan Zhang Institute of Crop Science National Wheat Improvement Center/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office c/o CAAS

Starch is a crucial component determining the processing quality of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-based products. Wheat starch generally contains A-type and B-type starch granules, having different effects on starch properties and end-use qualities. In the present study, 240 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from a PH82-2/Neixiang 188 cross were grown in Anyang, Henan, China, during three cropping seasons. A-type and B-type granule contents were determined using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer, defined as the percentage of total starch volume. A total of 195 SSR and STS markers were used to construct a genetic map. QTL analysis was performed by composite interval mapping. Three QTL for A-type starch granule content were mapped on chromosomes 1DL, 7BL and 4AL, explaining5.6%, 5.2% and 3.8% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. These results provide useful information for improving starch quality in common wheat.

关键词： Triticum aestivum QTL Starch granule size distribution A-type starch granule B-type starch granule

Genome-wide association mapping of vitamins B1 and B2 in common wheat

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The Crop Journal 2018年第3期6卷 263-270页

作者： Jieyun Li Jindong Liu Wei'e Wen Pingzhi Zhang Yingxiu Wan xianchun xia Yan Zhang Zhonghu He Institute of Crop Science National Wheat Improvement CenterChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China Crop Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230001AnhuiChina

Vitamin B is essential for maintaining normal life activities in humans and animals who have to intake the microelement from the outside, especially from cereal products. In the present study 166 Chinese and foreign wheat cultivars planted in two environments were characterized for variation in vitamin B1 and B2 contents. A genome-wide association study(GWAS) using the wheat 90 K SNP assay identified 17 loci for vitamin B1 and 7 for vitamin B2 contents. Linear regression analysis showed a significantly positive correlation of the number of favorable alleles with vitamin B1 and B2 contents. Marker-trait associations(MTAs) at IWB43809(6AS, 0cM) and IWB69903(6AS, 13cM) were new and stable, and significantly associated with vitamin B1 content across two environments. The loci identified in this study and associated SNP markers could be used for improvement of vitamin B1 and B2 contents to obtain superior quality along with grain yield in wheat.

关键词： 90 K SNP assay GWAS Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 Triticum aestivum

Breeding wheat for resistance to Fusarium head blight in the Global North: China, USA, and Canada

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The Crop Journal 2019年第6期7卷 730-738页

作者： Zhanwang Zhu Yuanfeng Hao Mohamed Mergoum Guihua Bai Gavin Humphreys Sylvie Cloutier xianchun xia Zhonghu He Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Food Crops Institute Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064HubeiChina Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of GeorgiaGriffinGA 30223USA US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research UnitManhattanKS 66506USA Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Ottawa Research and Development CentreOttawaOntario K1A 0C6Canada CIMMYT-China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China

The objective of this paper is to review progress made in wheat breeding for Fusarium head blight(FHB) resistance in China, the United States of America(USA), and Canada. In China,numerous Chinese landraces possessing high levels of FHB resistance were grown before the 1950 s. Later, pyramiding multiple sources of FHB resistance from introduced germplasm such as Mentana and Funo and locally adapted cultivars played a key role in combining satisfactory FHB resistance and high yield potential in commercial *** 3, a Chinese spring wheat cultivar, became a major source of FHB resistance in the USA and Canada, and contributed to the release of more than 20 modern cultivars used for wheat production, including the leading hard spring wheat cultivars Alsen, Glenn, Barlow and SY Ingmar from North Dakota, Faller and Prosper from Minnesota, and AAC Brandon from Canada. Brazilian wheat cultivar Frontana, T. dicoccoides and other local germplasm provided additional sources of resistance. The FHB resistant cultivars mostly relied on stepwise accumulation of favorable alleles of both genes for FHB resistance and high yield,with marker-assisted selection being a valuable complement to phenotypic selection. With the Chinese Spring reference genome decoded and resistance gene Fhb1 now cloned, new genomic tools such as genomic selection and gene editing will be available to breeders, thus opening new possibilities for development of FHB resistant cultivars.

关键词： Fhb1 Fusarium head blight resistance Fusarium graminearum Triticum aestivum Wheat breeding

Crop Breeding Chips and Genotyping Platforms： Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2017年第8期10卷 1047-1064页

作者： Awais Rasheed Yuanfeng Hao xianchun xia Awais Khan Yunbi Xu Rajeev K. Varshney Zh-onghu He Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing 100081 China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMY-F) c/o CAAS Beijing 100081 China Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University Geneva NY USA International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324 India

There is a rapidly rising trend in the development and application of molecular marker assays for gene map- ping and discovery in field crops and trees. Thus far, more than 50 SNP arrays and 15 different types of genotyping-by-sequencing （GBS） platforms have been developed in over 25 crop species and perennial trees. However, much less effort has been made on developing ultra-high-throughput and cost-effective genotyping platforms for applied breeding programs. In this review, we discuss the scientific bottlenecks in existing SNP arrays and GBS technologies and the strategies to develop targeted platforms for crop mo- lecular breeding. We propose that future practical breeding platforms should adopt automated genotyping technologies, either array or sequencing based, target functional polymorphisms underpinning economic traits, and provide desirable prediction accuracy for quantitative traits, with universal applications under wide genetic backgrounds in crops. The development of such platforms faces serious challenges at both the technological level due to cost ineffectiveness, and the knowledge level due to large genotype- phenotype gaps in crop plants. It is expected that such genotyping platforms will be achieved in the next ten years in major crops in consideration of （a） rapid development in gene discovery of important traits, （b） deepened understanding of quantitative traits through new analytical models and population designs, （c） integration of multi-layer -omics data leading to identification of genes and pathways responsible for important breeding traits, and （d） improvement in cost effectiveness of large-scale genotyping. Crop breeding chips and genotyping platforms will provide unprecedented opportunities to accelerate the development of cultivars with desired yield potential, quality, and enhanced adaptation to mitigate the effects of climate change.

关键词： Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) SNP arrays Crop breeding Genotyping platforms

Development of image-based wheat spike counter through a Faster R-CNN algorithm and application for genetic studies

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1303-1311页

作者： Lei Li Muhammad Adeel Hassan Shurong Yang Furong Jing Mengjiao Yang Awais Rasheed Jiankang Wang xianchun xia Zhonghu He Yonggui xiao Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement CentreChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China Electronic Information School Foshan PolytechnicFoshan 528137GuangdongChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre(CIMMYT)China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan

Spike number(SN) per unit area is one of the major determinants of grain yield in wheat. Development of high-throughput techniques to count SN from large populations enables rapid and cost-effective selection and facilitates genetic studies. In the present study, we used a deep-learning algorithm, i.e., Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks(Faster R-CNN) on Red-Green-Blue(RGB) images to explore the possibility of image-based detection of SN and its application to identify the loci underlying SN. A doubled haploid population of 101 lines derived from the Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 cross was grown at two sites for SN phenotyping and genotyped using the high-density wheat 660 K SNP *** of manual spike number(MSN) in the field, image-based spike number(ISN), and verification of spike number(VSN) by Faster R-CNN revealed significant variation(P < 0.001) among genotypes, with high heritability ranged from 0.71 to 0.96. The coefficients of determination(R^(2)) between ISN and VSN was 0.83, which was higher than that between ISN and MSN(R^(2)= 0.51), and between VSN and MSN(R^(2)= 0.50). Results showed that VSN data can effectively predict wheat spikes with an average accuracy of 86.7% when validated using MSN data. Three QTL ***-4 DS, ***-7 DS, and ***-7 DL were identified based on MSN, ISN and VSN data, while ***-7 DS was detected in all the three data sets. These results indicate that using Faster R-CNN model for image-based identification of SN per unit area is a precise and rapid phenotyping method, which can be used for genetic studies of SN in wheat.

关键词： Deeping learning High-throughput phenotyping QTL mapping RGB imaging