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Experimental and numerical efforts to improve oxygen mass transport in porous catalyst layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Nano Research Energy 2023年第4期2卷 23-40页

作者： Zhaojing Ni Kai Han xianchun chen Lu Wang Bo Wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster ScienceMinistry of EducationFrontiers Science Center for High Energy MaterialAdvanced Technology Research Institute(Jinan)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Beijing Institute of TechnologyChongqing 401120China

The effective management of oxygen transport resistance(OTR)within the cathode catalyst layer(CCL)is crucial for achieving a high catalyst performance at low platinum(Pt)loading.Over the past two decades,significant advancements have been made in the development of various high active platinum-based catalysts,aiming at enhancing oxygen mass transport and the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).However,experimental investigations of transport processes in porous media are often computational costs and restrained by limitations in in-situ measurement capabilities,as well as spatial and temporal resolution.Fortunately,numerical simulation provides a valuable alternative for unveiling the intricate relationship between local transport properties and overall cell performance that remain unresolved or uncoupled through experimental approach.In this review,we elucidate the primary experimental and numerical efforts undertaken to improve OTR.We consolidate the available literature on OTR values and perform a quantitative comparison of the effectiveness of different strategies in mitigating OTR.Furthermore,we analyze the intrinsic limitations and challenges associated with current experimental and numerical methods.Finally,we outline future prospect for advancements in both experimental techniques and modelling methods.

关键词： porous media catalyst layer mass transport high-performance fuel cells

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Performance, optimization, and mechanism of nitric oxide removal by thiourea dioxide/Fe^ⅡEDTA reaction systems

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第11期28卷 2918-2927页

作者： Feiqiang He Xinyu Zhu xianchun chen Jianhua Ding State Key Laboratory for Nuclear Resources and Environment School of ChemistryBiology and Materials ScienceEast China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

In this work,a new innovative absorption system containing both thiourea dioxide(TD)and FeⅡEDTA was used to NO removal.The independently influences of O2 volume concentration,TD concentration,original p H value and absorbent temperature on NO removal in bubbling device were examined preliminarily.The results revealed that the NO removal efficiency firstly increased and then decreased with the increasing of the three independent variables(O2 volume concentration,TD concentration and temperature).However,the NO removal efficiency monotonously increased to some extent with p H value increasing from 6.5 to 10.5.In addition,the respective effects of the four variables and the interactive function of them on NO removal were checked with the response surface methodology(RSM)by central composite design(CCD).The calculative model showed that pH value possessed a main positive independent impact on NO removal.Furthermore,the interactive effects between any two factors were expounded by the 3D surface and counter plots.Finally,the optimum absorption conditions for the maximum NO removal at 94.3%experimentally and 95.8%statistically were obtained in O2 volume content of 6.0%,TD concentration of 0.02 mol·L^-1,original p H value of 10.5 and absorption temperature of 42℃.

关键词： Nitric oxide Thiourea dioxide Fe~ⅡEDTA RSM

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Advances in aggregatable nanoparticles for tumor-targeted drug delivery

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第6期31卷 1366-1374,F0002页

作者： Wenqi Yu Maxim Shevtsov xianchun chen Huile Gao Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences(RAS) St.Petersburg 194064.Russia

Recent days,aggregatable nanoparticles,which can specifically respond to certain stimulus,have shown great potential in tumor-targeted drug delivery with prolonged retention and deeper penetration.In this review,we summarize recent advances in design of aggregatable nanoparticles by different stimuli.Internal(pH and enzyme)and external(light,temperature and ROS)stimuli are introduced for a comprehensive description.Moreover,the aggregated nanoparticles usually exhibit photothermal,photoacoustic,PET and enhanced MRI contrast,which is also described.In the end,we discuss about the potential applications and challenges for the future clinical translation.

关键词： Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles Size aggregation Tumor-targeted drug delivery Transformation Microenvironment modulation

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A novel akermanite/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) porous composite scaffold fabricated via a solvent casting-particulate leaching method improved by solvent self-proliferating process

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2017年第4期4卷 233-242页

作者： Yao Deng Mengjiao Zhang xianchun chen Ximing Pu Xiaoming Liao Zhongbing Huang Guangfu Yin College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064PR China

Desirable scaffolds for tissue engineering should be biodegradable carriers to supply suitablemicroenvironments mimicked the extracellular matrices for desired cellular interactions and to providesupports for the formation of new tissues. In this work, a kind of slightly soluble bioactiveceramic akermanite (AKT) powders were aboratively selected and introduced in the PLGA matrix,a novel L-lactide modified AKT/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (m-AKT/PLGA) composite scaffold wasfabricated via a solvent casting-particulate leaching method improved by solvent self-proliferatingprocess. The effects of m-AKT contents on properties of composite scaffolds and on MC3T3-E1 cellularbehaviors in vitro have been primarily investigated. The fabricated scaffolds exhibited threedimensionalporous networks, in which homogenously distributed cavities in size of 300–400 lmwere interconnected by some smaller holes in a size of 100–200 lm. Meanwhile, the mechanicalstructure of scaffolds was reinforced by the introduction of m-AKT. Moreover, alkaline ionic productsreleased by m-AKT could neutralize the acidic degradation products of PLGA, and the apatitemineralizationability of scaffolds could be largely improved. More valuably, significant promotionson adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 have been observed, which implied thecalcium, magnesium and especially silidous ions released sustainably from composite scaffoldscould regulate the behaviors of osteogenesis-related cells.

关键词： akermanite PLGA composite scaffolds solvent self-proliferating process

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Fabrication of extracellular matrix-coated conductive polypyrrolepoly(L-lactide)fiber-films and their synergistic effect with(nerve growth factor)/(epidermal growth factor) on neurites growth

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第5期31卷 1141-1146页

作者： Ximing Pu Xingxing Zhou Zhongbing Huang Guangfu Yin xianchun chen College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Non-nerve cell-derived extracellular matrix(ECM)wa s coated on the aligned porous polypyrrole-poly(Llactide)(PPy-PLLA)fiber-films with the conductivity of^12 mS/m via L929 cells culture and lysing,resulting in^10%increase of PC12 cells attachment and^26μm increase of neurites length.The neurite length of^149μm in EGF/NGF group(optimal concentration radio of 12.5/50(ng/mL))on aligned and ECM-conjugated fiber-films was significantly larger than^94μm in only NGF group(50 ng/mL),confirming the synergy of EGF,NGF and aligned ECM-conjuaged PPy-PLLA fibers.When differentiated PC12 cells were exerted electrical stimulation(ES)of 100 mV/cm for 4 h/day in 2 day through ECM-PPyPLLA fiber-films,their neurite length reached to^251μm,significantly larger than^149μm of group without ES,due to the higer expression of related neural proteins in ES group.A simple mechanism was proposed to analyze synergistical effect of ECM,EGF,NGF on axons adhesion and elongation along the aligned ECM-coated fibers under ES condition.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Axonal growth Conducting PPy-PLLA fiber-film Nerve growth factor Epidermal growth factor Electrical stimulation

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Gas-assisted microfluidic step-emulsification forgenerating micron- and submicron-sized droplets

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第4期9卷 167-179页

作者： Biao Huang Xinjin Ge Boris Y.Rubinstein xianchun chen Lu Wang Huiying Xie Alexander M.Leshansky Zhenzhen Li Department of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyNo.5 ZhongGuanCunNan StreetHaiDian DistrictBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Engines Tianjin UniversityNo.92 Weijin RoadNankai DistrictTianjin 300350China Stowers Institute for Medical Research Kansas CityMO 64110USA School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyNo.5 ZhongGuanCunNan StreetHaiDian DistrictBeijing 100081China Department of Chemical Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel

Micron- and submicron-sized droplets have extensive applications in biomedical diagnosis and drug delivery.Moreover, accurate high-throughput analysis requires a uniform droplet size distribution and high production rates.Although the previously reported microfluidic coflow step-emulsification method can be used to generate highlymonodispersed droplets, the droplet diameter (d) is constrained by the microchannel height (b), d\3b, while theproduction rate is limited by the maximum capillary number of the step-emulsification regime, impedingemulsification of highly viscous liquids. In this paper, we report a novel, gas-assisted coflow step-emulsificationmethod, where air serves as the innermost phase of a precursor hollow-core air/oil/water emulsion. Air graduallydiffuses out, producing oil droplets. The size of the hollow-core droplets and the ultrathin oil layer thickness bothfollow the scaling laws of triphasic step-emulsification. The minimal droplet size attains d 1:7b, inaccessible instandard all-liquid biphasic step-emulsification. The production rate per single channel is an order-of-magnitudehigher than that in the standard all-liquid biphasic step-emulsification and is also superior to alternative emulsificationmethods. Due to low gas viscosity, the method can also be used to generate micron- and submicron-sized droplets ofhigh-viscosity fluids, while the inert nature of the auxiliary gas offers high versatility.

关键词： sized viscosity generating

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The construction of in vitro nasal cavity-mimic M-cell model,design of M cell-targeting nanoparticles and evaluation of mucosal vaccination by nasal administration

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第6期10卷 1094-1105页

作者： Xiaotong Yang xianchun chen Ting Lei Lin Qin Yang Zhou Chuan Hu Qingfeng Liu Huile Gao Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of Pharmacy Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus Shanghai 201499China

In order to better evaluate the transport effect of nanoparticles through the nasal mucosa,an in vitro nasal cavity-mimic model was designed based on M cells.The differentiation of M cells was induced by co-culture of Calu-3 and Raji cells in invert model.The ZO-1 protein staining and the transport of fluorescein sodium and dexamethasone showed that the inverted co-culture model formed a dense monolayer and possessed the transport ability.The differentiation of M cells was observed by upregulated expression of Sialyl Lewis A antigen(SLAA)and integrinβ1,and down-regulated activity of alkaline phosphatase.After targeting M cells with iRGD peptide(cRGDKGPDC),the transport of nanoparticles increased.In vivo,the co-administration of iRGD could result in the increase of nanoparticles transported to the brain through the nasal cavity after intranasal administration.In the evaluation of immune effect in vivo,the nasal administration of OVA-PLGA/iRGD led to more release of IgG,IFN-γ,IL-2 and secretory IgA(sIgA)compared with OVA@PLGA group.Collectively,the study constructed in vitro M cell model,and proved the enhanced effect of targeting towards M cell with iRGD on improving nasal immunity.

关键词： M cells In vitro Cell model iRGD peptide Nasal administration Mucosal vaccination

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Fabrication of carboxylic graphene oxide-composited polypyrrole film for neurite growth under electrical stimulation

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2019年第3期13卷 258-269页

作者： Chaoyuan LIU Zhongbing HUANG Ximing PU Lei SHANG Guangfu YIN xianchun chen Shuang chenG College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

An aligned composite film was fabricated via the deposition of carboxylic graphe ne oxide(C-GO)and polypyrrole(PPy)nano particles on alig ned poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA)fiber-films(named as C-GO/PPy/PLLA),which has the core(PLLA)-sheath(C-GO/PPy)structure,and the composition of C-GO(~4.8 wt.%of PPy sheath)significantly enhanced the tensile strength and the conductivity of the PPy/PLLA film?Especially,after 4 weeks of immersion in the PBS solution,the conductivity and the tensile strength of CGO/PPy/PLLA films still remained-6.10 S/cm and 28.9 MPa,respectively,which could meet the need of the sustained electrical stimulation(ES)therapy for nerve repair.Moreover,the neurite length and the neurite alignment were significantly in creased through exerting ES on C-GO/PPy/PLLA films due to their sustained conductivity in the fluid of cell culture.These results indicated that C-GO/PPy/PLLA with sustained conductivity and mechanical property possessed great potential of nerve repair by exerting lasting-ES.

关键词： sustained conductivity electrical stimulation carboxylic graphene oxide polypyrrole

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Fabrication of doxorubicin and chlorotoxin-linked Eu-Gd2O3 nanorods with dual-model imaging and targeted therapy of brain tumor

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第1期31卷 285-291页

作者： Weina Zhang Zhongbing Huang Ximing Pua xianchun chen Guangfu Yin Lei Wang Fei Zhang Fabao Gao College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Molecular Imaging Center Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610093China

It is urgent to find a technology accurately to better diagnose and treat to brain tumor.Eu-doped Gd2 O3 nanorods(Eu-Gd2 O3 NRs)with paramagnetic and fluorescent properties were conjugated with doxorubicin(Dox)and chlorotoxin(CTX)via PEGylation,hydrazone bond and sulfur bond(named as CTXNRs-Dox),and these NRs could release more Dox in lower pH environment.The results of cell experiments indicated that CTX-NRs-Dox had obvious targeting and toxic effects on U251 cells,as well as good fluorescence imaging behavior.The orthotopic glioma-transplanted mice models were constructed via the intracranial injection of glioma cells(U87 MG).The result of experiments after the tail-vein injection of the prepared NRs suggested that CTX-NRs-Dox could target to brain tumors via the long-time blood circulation,leading to their obvious contrast enhancement of MR imaging of the intracranial tumor and their significant inhibitory effect on the growth and metastasis of brain tumors.A mechanism of synergistic effect of CTX-NRs-Dox on targeting and inhabiting the brain tumor was proposed.Our research suggested that CTX-NRs-Dox had potential application prospect in the detection and treatment of glioma.

关键词： Brain tumor Dual-model imaging Doxorubicin Chlorotoxin Eu-Gd2O3 nanorods Targeted therapy

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燃煤锅炉效率和低氮综合优化控制技术

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自动化应用 2024年第5期65卷 76-78页

作者：黄忠和陈献春张朝金林志炜张熙煜福建福海创石油化工有限公司福建漳州363215 福建中试所电力调整试验有限责任公司福建福州350007

根据锅炉燃烧优化调整和制粉系统优化调整结果,建立锅炉热损失在线监测系统,制定锅炉效率、NOx污染物排放等综合能效最优化策略,增加新的锅炉最优氧量、二次风门、磨煤机冷热风门等DCS燃烧优化控制逻辑,有效优化锅炉运行,实现节能减排... 详细信息

根据锅炉燃烧优化调整和制粉系统优化调整结果,建立锅炉热损失在线监测系统,制定锅炉效率、NOx污染物排放等综合能效最优化策略,增加新的锅炉最优氧量、二次风门、磨煤机冷热风门等DCS燃烧优化控制逻辑,有效优化锅炉运行,实现节能减排、降本增效。

关键词：锅炉热损失在线监测燃烧控制逻辑

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