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What ecological factors favor the shift from distyly to homostyly? A study from the perspective of reproductive assurance

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第4期11卷 645-655页

作者： xian-feng jiang Xing-Fu Zhu Ling-Ling Chen Qing-Jun Li Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology State Key Laboratory in Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in YunnanYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650091China

Aims Distyly is one of the most widespread floral polymorphisms pro-moting *** transition from obligate cross-fertilized distyly to predominantly self-fertilized homostyly is frequently documented in various ***,empirical stud-ies concerning the ecological factors connected with this transition are still *** chungensis,suggested to be evolving from distyly to homostyly,provides an ideal model for the study of the ecological factors concerned with this *** study ***-gensis to understand if autonomous self-fertilization would provide reproductive assurance for the self-fertilized homo-styled morph in the *** the incompatibility features of *** were tested with hand-pollination *** compared the capacity of autonomous self-fertilization between the distylous and homo-styled morph of *** in the field by excluding the pollinators with *** addition,the degrees of herkogamy of some *** plants were between the short-styled and homo-styled *** plants were studied to understand whether they were able to obtain greater reproductive assurance when the herkogamy in the flowers was *** Findings All three morphs of *** were highly self-and intra-morph *** degree of herkogamy positively correlated with the capacity for autonomous self-fertilization.A negative correlation between the degree of herkogamy and the magnitude of pollen limitation was found,but no significant correlation was found between the degree of herkogamy and the contribution of cross-fertilization to overall *** study suggests that reducing the degree of herkogamy can significantly increase the reproductive assurance for a self-compatible *** results provided evidence that the homo-styled morph of *** had the highest capacity for autonomous self-fertilization and the highest seed production in the field,because autonomous self-f

关键词： autonomous self-fertilization dimorphic incompatibility distyly homostyly Primula chungensis reciprocal herkogamy reproductive assurance

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Interpeduncular cistern intrathecal targeted drug delivery for intractable postherpetic neuralgia: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第30期11卷 7380-7385页

作者： feng Fu xian-feng jiang Jing-Jing Wang Lei Gong Chen Yun Hong-Tao Sun feng-Wu Tang Departments of Pain Medicine Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police ForcesTianjin 300162China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair Institute of Neurotrauma RepairCharacteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police ForcesTianjin 300162China Department of Neurotrauma Repair Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police ForcesTianjin 300162China

BACKGROUND Intractable postherpetic neuralgia(PHN)can be difficult to manage even with aggressive multimodal *** who experience uncontrolled refractory cranial PHN despite conservative treatment may benefit from an intrathecal drug delivery system(IDDS).For craniofacial neuropathic pain,the traditional approach has been to place the intrathecal catheter tip below the level of the cranial nerve root entry zones,which may lead to insufficient *** SUMMARY We describe a 69-year-old man with a 1-year history of PHN after developing a vesicular rash in the ophthalmic division of cranial nerve V(trigeminal nerve)*** pain was rated 7-8 at rest and 9-10 at breakthrough pain(BTP)on a numeric rating *** receiving aggressive multimodal therapies including large doses of oral analgesics(gabapentin 150 mg q12 h,oxycodone 5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg q6 h,and lidocaine 5%patch 700 mg q12 h)and sphenopalatine ganglion block,there was no relief of ***,the patient elected to have an implantable IDDS with the catheter tip placed at the interpeduncular *** frequency of BTP episodes *** patient’s continuous daily dose was adjusted to 0.032 mg/d after 3 mo of follow-up and stopped 5 mo *** did not report pain or other discomfort at outpatient follow-up 6 mo and 1 year after stopping intracisternal *** The use of interpeduncular cistern intrathecal infusion with low-dose hydromorphone by IDDS may be effective for severe craniofacial PHN.

关键词： Postherpetic neuralgia Intrathecal drug delivery Interpeduncular cistern Craniofacial pain Opioids Case report

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Exendin-4 inhibits high-altitude cerebral edema by protecting against neurobiological dysfunction

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 653-663页

作者： Zhong-Lei Sun xian-feng jiang Yuan-Chi Cheng Ying-Fu Liu Kai Yang Shuang-Long Zhu xian-Bin Kong Yue Tu Ke-feng Bian Zhen-Lin Liu Xu-Yi Chen Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Institute of Traumatic Brain Trauma and Neurological of CAPF Neurotrauma Repair Key Laboratory of Tianjin Tianjin China Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou Liaoning Province China Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China Central Hospital of fengxian District of Shanghai Shanghai China Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force Tianjin China The No. 2 Hospital of Nanjing Nanjing Jiangsu Province China Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China

The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of exendin-4（Ex-4） have been reported ***,whether（Ex-4） has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on high-altitude cerebral edema（HACE） remains poorly *** this study,two rat models of HACE were established by placing rats in a hypoxic environment with a simulated altitude of either 6000-or 7000-m above sea level（MASL） for 72 *** altitude of 7000 MASL with 72-hours of hypoxia was found to be the optimized experimental paradigm for establishing HACE ***,in rats where a model of HACE was established by introducing them to a 7000 MASL environment with 72-hours of hypoxia treatment,2,10 and,100 μg of Ex-4 was intraperitoneally *** open field test and tail suspension test were used to test animal *** methods were used to detect change in inflammatory ***-eosin staining was performed to determine pathological changes to brain ***/dry weight ratios were used to measure brain water *** blue leakage was used to determine blood-brain barrier ***-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was performed to measure markers of inflammation and oxidative stress including superoxide dismutase,glutathione,and malonaldehyde values,as well as interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels in the brain *** blot analysis was performed to determine the levels of occludin,ZO-1,SOCS-3,vascular endothelial growth factor,EPAC1,nuclear factor-kappa B,and *** results demonstrate that Ex-4 preconditioning decreased brain water content,inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress,alleviated brain tissue injury,maintain blood-brain barrier integrity,and effectively improved motor function in rat models of *** findings suggest that Ex-4 exhibits therapeutic potential in the treatment of HACE.

关键词： high-altitude cerebral edema exendin-4 cyclic adenosine monophosphate EPACI suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 vascular endothelial growth factor hypoxia inflammation oxidative stress

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Elastic modulus affects the growth and differentiation of neural stem cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1523-1527页

作者： xian-feng jiang Kai Yang Xiao-qing Yang Ying-fu Liu Yuan-chi Cheng Xu-yi Chen Yue Tu Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of People’s Armed Police Force Liaoning Medical University Logistics University of People’s Armed Police Force

It remains poorly understood if carrier hardness, elastic modulus, and contact area affect neural stem cell growth and differentiation. Tensile tests show that the elastic moduli of Tiansu and SMI silicone membranes are lower than that of an ordinary dish, while the elastic modulus of SMI silicone membrane is lower than that of Tiansu silicone membrane. Neural stem cells from the cerebral cortex of embryonic day 16 Sprague-Dawley rats were seeded onto ordinary dishes as well as Tiansu silicone membrane and SMI silicone membrane. Light microscopy showed that neural stem cells on all three carriers show improved adherence. After 7 days of differentiation, neuron specific enolase, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and myelin basic protein expression was detected by immunofluorescence. Moreover, flow cytometry revealed a higher rate of neural stem cell differentiation into astrocytes on Tiansu and SMI silicone membranes than on the ordinary dish, which was also higher on the SMI than the Tiansu silicone membrane. These findings con- firm that all three cell carrier types have good biocompatibility, while SMI and Tiansu silicone membranes exhibit good mechanical homogenization. Thus, elastic modulus affects neural stem cell differentiation into various nerve cells. Within a certain range, a smaller elastic modulus re- sults in a more obvious trend of cell differentiation into astrocytes.

关键词： nerve regeneration neural stem cells carrier mechanical properties elastic modulus cell differentiation neurons immunofluorescence astrocytes neural regeneration

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A finite element analysis of the stress distribution to the mandible from impact forces with various orientations of third molars

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2018年第1期19卷 38-48页

作者： Yun-feng LIU Russell WANG Dale A.BAUR xian-feng jiang Key Laboratory of E&M (Zhejiang University of Technology) Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province Department of Comprehensive Care School of Dental Medicine Case Western Reserve University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dental Medicine Case Western Reserve University

Objective： To investigate the stress distribution to the mandible, with and without impacted third molars（IM3 s） at various orientations, resulting from a 2000-Newton impact force either from the anterior midline or from the body of the mandible. Materials and methods： A 3 D mandibular virtual model from a healthy dentate patient was created and the mechanical properties of the mandible were categorized to 9 levels based on the Hounsfield unit measured from computed tomography（CT） images. Von Mises stress distributions to the mandibular angle and condylar areas from static impact forces（Load I-front blow and Load II left blow） were evaluated using finite element analysis（FEA）. Six groups with IM3 were included： full horizontal bony, full vertical bony, full 450 mesioangular bony, partial horizontal bony, partial vertical, and partial 450 mesioangular bony impaction, and a baseline group with no third molars. Results： Von Mises stresses in the condyle and angle areas were higher for partially than for fully impacted third molars under both loading conditions, with partial horizontal IM3 showing the highest fracture risk. Stresses were higher on the contralateral than on the ipsilateral side. Under Load II, the angle area had the highest stress for various orientations of IM3 s. The condylar region had the highest stress when IM3 s were absent. Conclusions： High-impact forces are more likely to cause condylar rather than angular fracture when IM3 s are missing. The risk of mandibular fracture is higher for partially than fully impacted third molars, with the angulation of impaction having little effect on facture risk.

关键词： Finite element analysis Third molar Mandible Biomechanical simulation

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Evaluation of transmission risk of respiratory particles under different ventilation strategies in an elevator

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Building Simulation 2024年第5期17卷 771-784页

作者： Liangyu Zhu xian Li Bujin feng Fan Liu School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Linyi UniversityLinyi276000China College of Agriculture Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian271018China School of Environment and Architecture University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China

People in elevators are at risk of respiratory infection because the elevator cabin is crowded and has poor *** exhaled particles may be inhaled by the susceptible person,deposited on the surface and suspended in the elevator,which can result in direct and indirect ***,whether the air vent designs adopted in the elevator can effectively reduce the transmission risk of respiratory particles remains *** this study,the dispersion of particles under four common ventilation strategies used in the commercial elevator was investigated by proven computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** flow field was simulated with the RNG κ-ξ turbulence model and the Lagrangian method was adopted to track particle *** effects of air vent layout and airflow rate on particle transmission were *** found that more than 50% of exhaled particles(average value)were suspended in the cabin and difficult to discharge under the investigated ventilation *** deposited fraction of particles on the susceptible person reached up to 39.14% for infiltration ventilation,which led to a high risk of contact *** the ventilation rate could not significantly reduce the inhalation proportion of particles due to the poor airflow distribution inside the elevator.A more proper ventilation strategy should be explored for the elevator to control transmission risk.

关键词： particle dispersion transmission risk elevator ventilation strategy computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

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Lidocaine hydrochloride loaded isomaltulose microneedles for efficient local anesthesia of the skin

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 298-302页

作者： Xuebing jiang Siyi Wang Li Zhang xian jiang Maling Gou State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Huahang Microcreate Technology Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610042China Department of Dermatology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Lidocaine hydrochloride(LIDH) as an anesthetic is widely used in local anesthesia. Dissolving microneedles(MNs) have great application value in the field of skin anesthesia. However, the limited drug-loading of dissolving MNs is an existing challenge that affects clinical use. In this study, we have screened isomaltulose(ISO) as the proper matrix material for the MNs by using molecular dynamics(MD) simulation. Our findings indicate that ISO has good compatibility with LIDH, and the LIDH-loaded ISO MNs(LI-MNs) have high drug-loading capacity. The drug-loading capacity of LI-MNs could reach 80%, and it could effectively puncture the skin. In addition, the preparation method of customized LI-MNs was established based on three-dimensional(3D) printing technology. It was shown that the administration time of LI-MNs could be controlled within 3 min. Also, the LI-MNs were able to provide the local anesthetic efficacy within2 min and sustained for more than 2 h. Significantly, LI-MNs had more efficient drug efficacy compared to the topical creams and the majority of existing LIDH-loaded dissolving MNs. They even provided a longer duration of action than the injections. Overall, the LI-MNs with high drug-loading have a promising application prospect.

关键词： Microneedles Local anesthesia Lidocaine hydrochloride Isomaltulose Transdermal delivery

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Addressing chemoresistance with a lipid gemcitabine nanotherapeutic strategy for effective treatment of pancreatic cancer

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8377-8388页

作者： Jiawei Hong Shiyun xian Shusen Zheng Hangxiang Wang Donghai jiang The First Affiliated Hospital NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ TransplantationCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory Jinan 250117China

Resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer poses a significant clinical *** investigation is warranted to assess whether nano-formulation strategy can be employed to enhance the sensitivity of resistant strains to gemcitabine *** this study,using gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines,we examined the therapeutic potential of a gemcitabine nanodelivery platform and assessed the ability to overcome drug resistance against resistant *** of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1(hENT1)led to reduced cellular uptake of gemcitabine,resulting in chemoresistance in pancreatic *** nanoparticles circumvented the entry blockade caused by hENT1 silencing through *** entry via clathrin-mediated endocytosis increased intracellular gemcitabine accumulation in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer ***,gemcitabine nanoparticles are preferential in vivo delivery to tumor tissues,likely due to the enhanced permeability and retention *** comparison to free gemcitabine,gemcitabine nanoparticles demonstrate a more pronounced cytotoxic effect on gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells,with favorable *** study improved the efficacy of gemcitabine through nanotechnology,providing a novel strategy to address gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer.

关键词： pancreatic cancer gemcitabine resistance gemcitabine nanoparticle human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1

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Lysosome-targeted carbon dots with a light-controlled nitric oxide releasing property for enhanced photodynamic therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 420-425页

作者： Hao Cai Xiaoyan Wu Lei jiang feng Yu Yuxiang Yang Yan Li xian Zhang Jian Liu Zijian Li Hong Bi School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

The reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation efficiency is always limited by the extreme tumor microenvironment(TME), leading to unsatisfactory antitumor effects in photodynamic therapy(PDT). As a promising gas therapy molecule, nitric oxide(NO) is independent of oxygen and could even synergize ROS to enhance the therapeutic effect. However, the short half-life, instability, and uncontrollable release of exogenous NO limited the application of tumor synergistic therapy. Herein, we reported a novel kind of red-emissive carbon dots(CDs) that was capable of lysosome-targeted and light-controlled NO delivery. The CDs were synthesized by using metformin and methylene blue(MB) via a hydrothermal *** obtained metformin-MB CDs(MMCDs) exhibited a higher1O2quantum yield and NO generation efficiency under light emitting diode(LED) light irradiation. Noteworthily, the1O2could further in situ oxidize NO into peroxynitrite anions(ONOO-), which own the higher cytotoxicity against cancer *** experiments indicate that MMCDs could destruct lysosome membrane integrity and kill almost 80%of Hep G2 cells under light irradiation while very low cytotoxicity in the dark. Moreover, MMCDs significantly decreased tumor volume and weight after phototherapy in hepatoma Hep G2-bearing mice. Our study provides a new strategy for light-controlled NO generation as well as precise lysosome-targeting for enhancement of PDT efficiency.

关键词： Carbon dots Nitric oxide Lysosome-targeting Photodynamic therapy Cancer

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Nanomedicine Disrupts Stromal Barriers to Augment Drug Penetration for Improved Cancer Therapy

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第10期42卷 1175-1189页

作者： Guo-feng Luo Wei-Hai Chen xian-Zheng Zhang state Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationHubei KeyLaboratory of StomatologySchool&Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430079China Key Laboratoryof Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education&Departmentof Chemistry Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China

Tumor stroma composing diverse extracellular matrixes(ECM)and stromal cells shapes a condensed physical barrier,which severely hampers the efficient accessibility of nanomedicine to tumor cells,especially these deep-seated in the core of *** barrier significantly compromises the antitumor effects of drug-loaded nanomedicine,revealing the remarkable importance of disrupting stromal barrier for improved tumor therapy with deep penetration *** achieve this goal,various nanoparticle-based strategies have been developed,including direct depleting ECM components via delivering anti-fibrotic agents or targeting stromal cells to suppress ECM expression,dynamic regulation of nanoparticles’physicochemical properties(i.e.,size,surface charge,and morphology),mechanical force-driven deep penetration,natural/biomimetic self-driven nanomedicine,and transcytosis-inducing *** these nanostrategies were systemically summarized in this review,and the design principles for obtaining admirable nanomedicine were *** the rapid development of nanotechnology,elaborate design of multifunctional nanomedicine provides new opportunities for overcoming the critical stromal barriers to maximize the therapeutic index of various therapies,such as chemotherapy,photodynamic therapy,and immunotherapy.

关键词： Nanomedicine Tumor stroma Deep penetration Enhanced drug perfusion Cancer therapy Drug carriers Biomaterials Nanotechnology

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