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Common mtDNA variations at C5178a and A249d/T6392C/G10310A decrease the risk of severe COVID-19 in a Han Chinese population from Central China

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Military Medical Research 2022年第1期9卷 53-62页

作者： Yi Wu xian-hui wang Xi-Hua Lif Li-Yuan Song Shi-Long Yu Zhi-Cheng Fang Yu-Quan Liu Le-Yong Yuan Chun-Yan Peng Shen-Yi Zhang wang Cheng Hong-Chao Ma Li-Feng wang Jun-Ming Tang Yun-Fu wang Fu-Yun Ji Department of Medical Biology School of Basic Medical ScienceHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000HubeiChina Institute of Biomedical Research Hubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000HubeiChina Institute of Human Respiratory Disease Xinqiao HospitalThe Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University)400037 ChongqingChina Department of Emergency Medicine Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000HubeiChina department of Geriatric Medicine Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000HubeiChina Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000HubeiChina department of Laboratory Medicine Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000HubeiChina Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research School of Basic Medical ScienceHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000HubeiChina Department of Neurology Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000HubeiChina.

Background:Mitochondria have been shown to play vital roles during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)development.Currently,it is unclear whether mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)variants,which define mtDNA haplogroups and determine oxidative phosphorylation performance and reactive oxygen species production,are associated with COVID-19 risk.Methods:A population-based case-control study was conducted to compare the distribution of mtDNA variations defining mtDNA haplogroups between healthy controls(n=615)and COVID-19 patients(n=536).COVID-19 patients were diagnosed based on molecular diagnostics of the viral genome by qPCR and chest X-ray or computed tomography scanning.The exclusion criteria for the healthy controls were any history of disease in the month preceding the study assessment.MtDNA variants defining mtDNA haplogroups were identified by PCR-RFLPs and HVS-I sequencing and determined based on mtDNA phylogenetic analysis using Mitomap Phylogeny.Student’s t-test was used for continuous variables,and Pearson’s chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables.To assess the independent effect of each mtDNA variant defining mtDNA haplogroups,multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)with adjustments for possible confounding factors of age,sex,smoking and diseases(including cardiopulmonary diseases,diabetes,obesity and hypertension)as determined through clinical and radiographic examinations.Results:Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the most common investigated mtDNA variations(>10%in the control population)at C5178 a(in NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene,ND2)and A249 d(in the displacement loop region,D-loop)/T6392 C(in cytochrome c oxidase I gene,CO1)/G10310 A(in ND3)were associated with a reduced risk of severe COVID-19(OR=0.590,95%CI 0.428–0.814,P=0.001;and OR=0.654,95%CI 0.457–0.936,P=0.020,respectively),while A4833 G(ND2)

关键词： Mitochondrial DNA variations Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Coronavirus disease 2019 Risk Han Chinese

Genomic data reveal high conservation but divergent evolutionary pattern of Polycomb/Trithorax group genes in arthropods

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 20-34页

作者： Feng Jiang Qing Liu xiang Liu xian-hui wang Le Kang Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Sine-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese

Eplgenetlc gene control is maintained by chromatln-assoclated Polycomb group (PcG)and Trithorax group (TrxG)genes,which act antagonistically via the interplay between PcG and TrxG regulation to generate silenced or permissive transcriptional states. In this study,we searched for PcG/TrxG genes in 180 arthropod genomes,covering all the sequenced arthropod genomes at the time of conducting this study,to perform a global investigation of PcG/TrxG genes in a phylogenetic frame.Results of ancestral state reconstruction analysis revealed that the ancestor of arthropod species has an almost complete repertoire of PcG/TrxG genes,and most of these genes were seldom lost above order level. The domain diversity analysis indicated that the PcG/TrxG genes show variable extent of domain structure changes;some of these changes could be associated with lineage-specific events.The likelihood ratio tests for selection pressure detected a number of PcG/TrxG genes which underwent episodic positive selection on the branch leading to the insects with holometabolous development.These results suggest that,despite their high conservation across arthropod species,different members of PcG/TrxG genes showed considerable differences in domain structure and sequence divergence in arthropod evolution.Our cross species comparisons using large-scale genomic data provide insights into divergent evolutionary pattern on highly conserved genes in arthropods.

关键词： chromatin epigenetics expression regulation gene evolution histone modification insects

Numerical simulation of 3D electromagnetic–thermal phenomena in an induction heated slab

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2020年第4期27卷 420-432页

作者： He-ping Liu xian-hui wang Liang-ying Si Jian Gong Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081China Shougang Zhixin Qian’an Electromagnetic Material Co. Ltd.Qian’an 064404HebeiChina

A mathematical model was developed to get an insight into 3D electromagnetic–thermal phenomena in an induction heated steel slab with a large width/thickness ratio by solving a fully coupled Maxwell equations and energy conservation equation.The spatial heat radiation between the slab surface and the refractory wall in an induction furnace was considered.The electromagnetic induction and temperature distribution features inside the slab with time evolution were described.The effects of electromagnetic induction parameters,thermal conductivity of the material and process parameters on the induction heating process were theoretically examined.Numerical results show that the spatial distribution of induction heat generation inside the slab is non-uniform.The high work frequency and the low heat conductivity of slab increase the non-uniformity of slab induction heating process.The radiative heat loss and heat transfer between the slab and the metal parts used for holding the slab have an important effect on the slab surface temperature.It is necessary to separately control the current input in the multi-layer coil windings along the height direction of furnace and adopt the multi-step heating strategies with time evolution to improve the homogenization of the slab temperature.

关键词： Slab Electromagnetic feld Induction heating Numerical simulation

Effect of aluminum on secondary recrystallization texture and magnetic properties of grain-oriented silicon steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2021年第4期28卷 479-487页

作者： Qian Gao xian-hui wang Jun Li Jian Gong Bo Li Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081China Shougang Zhixin Qian'an Electromagnetic Material Co. Ltd.Qian'an 064404HebeiChina

The slab low-temperature reheating grain-oriented silicon steel was prepared in the laboratory,and the high-temperature annealing interruption tests were carried out.The effects of aluminum(which meant acid-soluble aluminum)on the grain size texture,precipitate,magnetic properties and their correlations were studied.The results showed that with the increase in aluminum element,the grain size decreased,while the intensity of{114}and{111}textures increased in the primary recrystallization structure.Meanwhile,the pinning force during the secondary recrystallization and the onset secondary recrystallization temperature were increased.The precipitates were concluded to have a more important role on determining the onset secondary recrystallization temperature than the primary grain size.The higher onset temperature resulted in sharper Goss texture and the better magnetic properties,but when the aluminum content came up to a certain extent,a fine-grain structure was developed.The most suitable aluminum content for present study was 0.025 wt.%,while the onset secondary recrystallization temperature and the primary texture were considered to be conducive to the sharpness of Goss texture.

关键词： Grain-oriented silicon steel Aluminum Texture Secondary recrystallization Precipitate Magnetic property

Leap forward with insect genomics

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Insect Science 2016年第3期23卷 332-334页

作者： Bin Chen xian-hui wang Zhijian Tu Yong-Ping Huang Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China State Key Laboratory of IntegratedManagement of Pest Insects & Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Biochemistry Fralin Life Science Institute and Program in Genetics Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia USAand Key Laboratory of Insect Development and Evolutionary Biology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes forBiological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghal China

Insects comprise the largest animal group in the world. More than a million insect species have been identified, leaving possibly two to three times more to be discovered. Systematic understanding of the genetic content of an insect species began more than 15 years ago when the genome sequence of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster was reported （Adams et al., 2000）. For the first time, scientists were able to glean unprecedented insights into the genetic blueprint of a model insect, presenting its 13 600 protein coding genes. Such fundamental information opened a floodgate for comparative and functional analysis of these genes and enabled systems approaches to comparative, evolutionary and population genomic studies. In recent years, next-generation and third-generation sequencing platforms brought genome sequencing to more than a hundred insect species, reach- ing far beyond the few well-studied model organisms. The international consortium for insect genomes is work- ing toward an ambitious goal to sequence 5000 species of insects.

关键词： Leap genomics species

Numerical Simulation of Electromagnetic Field and Flow Pattern in a Continuous Slab Caster with In-roll Type Strand Electromagnetic Stirring

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2015年第5期22卷 414-422页

作者： Jian GONG He-ping LIU xian-hui wang Yan-ping BAO School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Shougang Qian'an Iron & Steel Company Central Iron and Steel Research Institute

The electromagnetic field and flow analysis model were developed to simulate the electromagnetic field and the flow pattern in a vertical curved continuous slab caster with the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stirring. The transient electromagnetic field distribution and the induced electromagnetic force were numerically described. The effects of stirring current, stirring frequency, and different stirrer configurations on the electromagnetically driven flow field in the strand were investigated and the optimization of the stirring parameters was discussed by performing a relative comparison of numerical results. Results show that the in-roller type strand electromagnetic stirrer （S- EMS） pair generates the fluctuating magnetic fields, penetrating through the cast slab and periodically parallel shift- ing along the slab wide face w!th time evolution. The transient induced electromagnetic forces travels toward the magnetic flux shifting direction, Different stirring parameters （i. e. current and frequency） and stirrer configurations affect the stirring strength and the flow rbcirculation pattern in the strand, which are closely related to metallurgical performances of the stirrers. There is an optimum frequency to obtain the maximum stirring. The present model pro vides a relatively theoretical insight into the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stirring system for best operating.

关键词： strand electromagnetic stirrer continuous casting slab caster in roll type numerical simulation

Microstructure and properties of Cu–Ti–Ni alloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第11期22卷 1199-1204页

作者： Jia Liu xian-hui wang Ting-ting Guo Jun-tao Zou Xiao-hong Yang Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Electrical Materials and Infiltration Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Technology Institute for Frontier Materials Waurn Ponds Deakin University

The effects of Ni addition and aging treatments on the microstructure and properties of a Cu–3Ti alloy were investigated. The microstructure and precipitation phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy; the hardness, electrical conductivity, and elastic modulus of the resulting alloys were also tested. The results show that Ni addition increases the electrical conductivity and elastic modulus, but decreases the hardness of the aged Cu–3Ti alloy. Within the range of the experimentally investigated parameters, the optimal two-stage aging treatment for the Cu–3Ti–1Ni and Cu–3Ti–5Ni alloy was 300℃ for 2 h and 450℃ for 7 h. The hardness, electrical conductivity, and elastic modulus of the Cu–3Ti–1Ni alloy were HV 205, 18.2% IACS, and 146 GPa, respectively, whereas the hardness, electrical conductivity, and elastic modulus of the Cu–3Ti–5Ni alloy were HV 187, 31.32% IACS, and 147 GPa, respectively. Microstructural analyses revealed that β′-Ni3 Ti and β′-Cu4 Ti precipitate from the Cu matrix during aging of the Cu–3Ti–5Ni alloy and that some residual Ni Ti phase remains. The increased electrical conductivity is ascribed to the formation of Ni Ti, β′-Ni3 Ti, and β′-Cu4 Ti phases.

关键词： copper alloys aging microstructure hardness electrical conductivity elastic modulus

Molecular characterization, tissue and developmental expression profiles of cryptochrome genes in wing dimorphic brown planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2016年第6期23卷 805-818页

作者： Jing-Jing Xu Gui-Jun Wan Ding-Bang Hu Juan He Fa-Jun Chen xian-hui wang Hong-Xia Hua Wei-Dong Pan Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Department of Entomology College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing Collge of Plant Science & Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan State College of Plant Protection Northwest Agriculture and Forest University Yangfing Shaanxi State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Cryptochromes （CRYs） are blue and UV light photoreceptors, known to play key roles in circadian rhythms and in the light-dependent magnetosensitivity of insects. Two novel cryptochrome genes were cloned from the brown planthopper, and were given the designations of Nlcryl and Nlcry2, with the accession numbers KM108578 and KM108579 in GenBank. The complementary DNA sequences ofNlcryl andNlcry2 are 1935 bp and 2463 bp in length, and they contain an open reading frame of 1629 bp and 1872 bp, encoding amino acids of 542 and 623, with a predicted molecular weight of 62.53 kDa and 70.60 kDa, respectively. Well-conserved motifs such as DNA-photolyase and FAD-binding-7 domains were observed in Nlcry1 and Nlcry2. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the proteins of Nlcry1 and Nlcry2 to be clustered into the insect＇s cryptochrome 1 and cryptochrome 2, respectively. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the daily oscillations of messenger RNA （mRNA） expression in the head of the brown planthopper were mild for Nlcryl, and modest for Nlcry2. Throughout all developmental stages, Nlcryl and Nlcry2 exhibited extreme fluctuations and distinctive expression profiles. Cryptochrome mRNA expression peaked immediately after adult emergence and then decreased subsequently. The tissue expression profiles of newly emerged brown planthopper adults showed higher expression levels of CRYs in the head than in the thorax or abdomen, as well as significantly higher levels of CRYs in the heads of the macropterous strain than in the heads of the brachypterous strain. Taken together, the results of our study suggest that the two cryptochrome genes characterized in the brown planthopper might be associated with developmental physiology and migration.

关键词： cryptochrome migration molecular characterization Nilaparvata lugens wing dimorphism

Stabilization/solidification mechanisms of tin tailings and fuming slag-based geopolymers for different heavy metals

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 43-55页

作者： xian Zhou Zhengfu Zhang hui Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co. Ltd.Kunming650031China

Tin mine tailings(TMT)and fuming slag(FS)contain many heavy metals(As,Cr,Cu,Zn and Mn)that cause severe pollution to the environment.Herein,geopolymers were prepared using TMT,FS and flue gas desulfurization gypsum(FGDG)to immobilize heavy metals,and their compressive strength and heavy metal leaching toxicity were investigated.It was first determined that T4F5(TMT:FS=4:5)sample exhibited the highest compressive strength(7.83 MPa).T4F5 achieved 95%immobilization efficiency for As and Cr,and nearly 100%for Cu,Zn and Mn,showing good immobilization performance.A series of characterization analyses showed that heavy metal cations can balance the charge in the geopolymer and replace Al in the geopolymer structure to form covalent bonds.In addition,about 2%–20%of heavy metal Fe was immobilized in hydration products,heavy metal hydroxides and non-bridging Si–O and Al–O coordination with silica-aluminate matrices.AsO33−was oxidized into AsO43−,which may form Ca–As or Fe–As precipitates.Cr2O72−was converted to CrO42−under alkaline environment and then combined with OH−to form Cr(OH)3 precipitates.Mn2+may react directly with dissolved silicate to form Mn2SiO4 and also form Mn(OH)2 precipitates.The unstable Mn(OH)2 can be further oxidized to MnO2.The heavy metal cations were immobilized in the silicoaluminate lattice,while the anions tended to form insoluble precipitates.These results may benefit the industry and government for better handling of TMT,FS and solid wastes containing the abovementioned five heavy metals.

关键词： Heavy metals Cementitious materials Tin tailings Stabilization/solidification Redox