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Towards imbalanced motion:part-decoupling network for video portrait segmentation

Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 197-210页

作者： Tianshu YU Changqun xia Jia li State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang University Peng Cheng Laboratory

Video portrait segmentation(VPS), aiming at segmenting prominent foreground portraits from video frames, has received much attention in recent years. However, the simplicity of existing VPS datasets leads to a limitation on extensive research of the task. In this work, we propose a new intricate large-scale multi-scene video portrait segmentation dataset MVPS consisting of 101 video clips in 7 scenario categories,in which 10843 sampled frames are finely annotated at the pixel level. The dataset has diverse scenes and complicated background environments, which is the most complex dataset in VPS to our best *** the observation of a large number of videos with portraits during dataset construction, we find that due to the joint structure of the human body, the motion of portraits is part-associated, which leads to the different parts being relatively independent in motion. That is, the motion of different parts of the portraits is imbalanced. Towards this imbalance, an intuitive and reasonable idea is that different motion states in portraits can be better exploited by decoupling the portraits into parts. To achieve this, we propose a part-decoupling network(PDNet) for VPS. Specifically, an inter-frame part-discriminated attention(IPDA)module is proposed which unsupervisedly segments portrait into parts and utilizes different attentiveness on discriminative features specified to each different part. In this way, appropriate attention can be imposed on portrait parts with imbalanced motion to extract part-discriminated correlations, so that the portraits can be segmented more accurately. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves leading performance with the comparison to state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： video portrait segmentation imbalanced motion unsupervised part decoupling motion correlation inter-frame attention

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P-aminobenzoic acid promotes retinal regeneration through activation of Ascl1a in zebrafish

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1849-1856页

作者： Meihui He Mingfang xia Qian Yang Xingyi Chen Haibo li xiaobo xia Eye Center of xia.gya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

The retina of zebrafish can regenerate completely after injury.M ultiple studies have demonstrated that metabolic alte rations occur during retinal damage;however to date no study has identified a link between metabolites and retinal regeneration of ***,we performed an unbiased metabolome sequencing in the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish to demonstrate the metabolomic mechanism of retinal *** the differentially-ex pressed metabolites,we found a significant decrease in p-aminobenzoic acid in the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-damaged retinas of ***,we investigated the role of p-aminobenzoic acid in retinal regeneration in adult *** rtantly,p-aminobenzoic acid activated Achaetescute complex-like 1a expression,thereby promoting Müller glia reprogramming and division,as well as Müller glia-derived progenitor cell ***,we eliminated folic acid and inflammation as downstream effectors of PABA and demonstrated that PABA had little effect on Müller glia *** together,these findings show that PABA contributes to retinal regeneration through activation of Achaetescute complex-like 1a expression in the N-methyl-Daspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish.

关键词： Achaetescute complex-like 1a(Ascl1a) metabolomics Müller glia p-aminobenzoic acid(PABA) retina regeneration zebrafish

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Facile preparation of Fe/N-based biomass porous carbon composite towards enhancing the thermal decomposition of DAP-4

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 288-294页

作者： Er-hai An xiao-xia li Cun-juan Yu Ying-xin Tan Zi-jun Fan Qing-xia li Peng Deng Xiong Cao School of Environment and Safety Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051PR China College of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024PR China

Fe/N-based biomass porous carbon composite(Fe/N-p Carbon) was prepared by a facile high-temperature carbonization method from biomass,and the effect of Fe/N-p Carbon on the thermal decomposition of energetic molecular perovskite-based material DAP-4 was *** porous carbonaceous materials was considered as the micro/nano support layers for in situ deposition of Fe/N ***/Np Carbon was prepared simply by the high-temperature carbonization *** was found that it showed the inherent catalysis properties for thermal decomposition of *** heat release of DAP-4/Fe/N-p Carbon by DSC curves tested had increased slightly,compared from DAP-4/Fe/N-p *** decomposition temperature peak of DAP-4 at the presence of Fe/N-p Carbon had reduced by 79°C from384.4°C(pure DAP-4) to 305.4°C(DAP-4/Fe/N-p Carbon-3).The apparent activation energy of DAP-4thermal decomposition also had decreased by 29.1 J/*** possible catalytic decomposition mechanism of DAP-4 with Fe/N-p Carbon was proposed.

关键词： Biomass materials Porous carbon DAP-4 Thermal decomposition Facile method

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A Neural-network-based Alternative Scheme to Include Nonhydrostatic Processes in an Atmospheric Dynamical Core

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1083-1099,I0002,I0003页

作者： Yang xia Bin WANg lijuan li li liU Jianghao li li DONg Shiming XU Yiyuan li Wenwen xia Wenyu HUANg Juanjuan liU Yong WANg Hongbo liU Ye PU Yujun HE Kun xia Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling and Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation group 311020008 Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong LaboratoryZhuhai 519000China Shanghai Ecological Forecasting and Remote Sensing Center Shanghai 200030China Key Laboratory of Earth System Modeling and Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China College of Ocean Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Here,a nonhydrostatic alternative scheme(NAS)is proposed for the grey zone where the nonhydrostatic impact on the atmosphere is evident but not large enough to justify the necessity to include an implicit nonhydrostatic solver in an atmospheric dynamical *** NAS is designed to replace this solver,which can be incorporated into any hydrostatic models so that existing well-developed hydrostatic models can effectively serve for a longer *** advances in machine learning(ML)provide a potential tool for capturing the main complicated nonlinear-nonhydrostatic *** this study,an ML approach called a neural network(NN)was adopted to select leading input features and develop the *** NNs were trained and evaluated with 12-day simulation results of dry baroclinic-wave tests by the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)*** forward time difference of the nonhydrostatic tendency was used as the target variable,and the five selected features were the nonhydrostatic tendency at the last time step,and four hydrostatic variables at the current step including geopotential height,pressure in two different forms,and potential temperature,***,a practical NAS was developed with these features and trained layer by layer at a 20-km horizontal resolution,which can accurately reproduce the temporal variation and vertical distribution of the nonhydrostatic *** by the NN-based NAS,the improved hydrostatic solver at different horizontal resolutions can run stably for at least one month and effectively reduce most of the nonhydrostatic errors in terms of system bias,anomaly root-mean-square error,and the error of the wave spatial pattern,which proves the feasibility and superiority of this scheme.

关键词： neural network nonhydrostatic alternative scheme atmospheric model dynamical core

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Mechanism of adjusting bypass ratio by front variable area bypass injector for a variable cycle engine

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第10期37卷 158-171页

作者： Qian li Chen xia.guoping HUANg Omer MUSA linjun li Zonghan YU College of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China AECC Sichuan gas Turbine Establishment Chengdu 610500China College of Mechanical and Materials Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China

The Front Variable Area Bypass Injector(FVABI)is a key to bypass ratio adjustment for a Variable Cycle Engine(VCE).In order to study the role of the FVABI with the Core Driven Fan Stage(CDFS)duct,firstly,the engine bypass with the CDFS duct model and the equivalent engine bypass without the CDFS duct model are designed using the concept of a jet boundary *** comparing the difference between airflow driving forces in the two engine bypass models,the quantitative effects of the injection from the CDFS duct on the mass flow rate of the engine bypass airflow are obtained under different combinations of pressure difference and area ***,the CDFS duct injection characteristic map is obtained through the typical experiment of the *** on this map,the performance model of the FVABI is ***,the turbofan engine model with the Variable Inlet guide Vane(VIgV),the First Variable Cycle Engine model(VCE1)with the CDFS duct and without the VIgV,and the Second Variable Cycle Engine model(VCE2)with the CDFS duct and VIgV are *** gain on the engine bypass ratio adjustment range caused by the injection from the CDFS duct is clarified by comparing the three engine *** is concluded that the bypass ratio adjustment range of the variable cycle engine with the FVABI is about twice that of the traditional turbofan engine.

关键词： Front variable area bypass injector Variable cycle engine Bypass ratio Injection CDFS duct injection characteristic map

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Potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for soil health:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 279-288页

作者： Junling ZHANg Ruotong ZHAO xia li Jiangzhou ZHANg College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Agronomy and life Science Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009China College of Resources and Environment/International Magnesium Institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Soil health is an important component of“One Health”.Soils provide habitat to diverse and abundant *** microbial diversity and functions is essential for building healthy soils towards sustainable *** mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)form potentially symbiotic associations with approximately 80%of land plant species that are well recognized for carbon flux and nutrient *** addition to disentangling the signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms between the two partners,recent advances in hyphosphere research highlight some emerging roles of AMF and associated microbes in the delivery of soil *** paper reviews the contribution of AMF to soil health in agroecosystems,with a major focus on recent progress in the contribution of hyphosphere microbiome to nutrient cycling,carbon sequestration,and soil *** hyphosphere microbiome and fungal stimulants open avenues for developing new fertilizer formulas to promote AMF *** practice,developing AMF-friendly management strategies will have long-term positive effects on sustainable agriculture aiming at simultaneously providing food security,increasing resource use efficiency,and maintaining environment integrity.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-friendly management strategies carbon sequestration hyphosphere microbiome nutrient cycling soil aggregation soilfunctions

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TaSRO1 interacts with TaVP1 to modulate seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting resistance in wheat

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 36-53页

作者： Shupeng liu li li Wenlong Wang guangmin xia Shuwei liu Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Dormancy is an adaptive trait which prevents seeds from germinating under unfavorable environmental *** with weak dormancy undergo pre-harvest sprouting(PHS)which decreases grain yield and *** the genetic mechanisms that regulate seed dormancy and resistance to PHS is crucial for ensuring global food *** this study,we illustrated the function and molecular mechanism of TaSRO1 in the regulation of seed dormancy and PHS resistance by suppressing *** tasro1 mutants exhibited strong seed dormancy and enhanced resistance to PHS,whereas the mutants of tavp1 displayed weak *** evidence has shown that TaVP1 is epistatic to *** evidence has shown that TaSRO1 interacts with TaVP1 and represses the transcriptional activation of the PHS resistance genes TaPHS1 and ***,TaSRO1 undermines the synergistic activation of TaVP1 and TaABI5 in PHS resistance ***,we highlight the great potential of tasro1 alleles for breeding elite wheat cultivars that are resistant to PHS.

关键词： wheat seed dormancy pre-harvest sprouting(PHS) ABA signaling vivipary

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Fluorescent Probes for Cysteine and Cysteine Oxidation Imaging

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第2期40卷 225-236页

作者： ZHANg xia li guocheng PAN Wei li Na li Yanhua TANg Bo College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceKey Laboratory of Molecular and Nano ProbesMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of ShandongInstitute of Molecular and Nano ScienceShandong Normal UniversityJinan250014P.R.China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao266237P.R.China

Cysteine is an important regulator of redox *** to the nucleophilic and oxidative sensitivity,cysteine residues in proteins can be oxidized by intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),which can lead to protein structural and functional ***,the development of fluorescent probes to image cysteine and cysteine oxidation is of great significance for the study of redox homeostasis in living *** this review,the development of fluorescent probes for imaging cysteine and cysteine oxidation was ***,we further analyzed defects of the reported fluorescent probes and made suggestions for the future development of fluorescent *** expect that this review can not only provide a deeper understanding of the role of cysteine and cysteine oxidation in oxidative stress,but also broaden the application of fluorescent probes in imaging cysteine and cysteine oxidation.

关键词： Cysteine Cysteine oxidation Fluorescent probe Oxidative stress

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Effects of fracture evolution and non-Darcy flow on the thermal performance of enhanced geothermal system in 3D complex fractured rock

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第4期34卷 443-459页

作者： Yachen Xie Jianxing liao Pengfei Zhao Kaiwen xia Cunbao li Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering University of TorontoToronto M5S1A4Canada College of Water Resources and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610225China State Key Laboratory of geomechanics and geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsWuhan 430071China College of Civil Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Institute of geosafety School of Engineering and TechnologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

In fractured geothermal reservoirs,the fracture networks and internal fluid flow behaviors can significantly impact the thermal *** this study,we proposed a non-Darcy rough discrete fracture network(NR-DFN)model that can simultaneously consider the fracture evolution and non-Darcy flow dynamics in studying the thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM)coupling processes for heat extraction in geothermal *** further employed the model on the Habanero enhanced geothermal systems(EgS)project located in ***,our findings illustrate a clear spatial-temporal variation in the thermal stress and pressure perturbations,as well as uneven spatial distribution of shear failure in 3D fracture *** shear failure is mainly concentrated in the first fracture ***,channeling flow have also been observed in DFNs during heat extraction and are further intensified by the expansion of fractures driven by thermal ***,the combined effect of non-Darcy flow and fracture evolution triggers a rapid decline in the resulting heat rate and *** NR-DFN model framework and the Habanero EgS's results illustrate the importance of both fracture evolution and non-Darcy flow on the efficiency of EgS production and have the potential to promote the development of more sustainable and efficient EgS operations for stakeholders.

关键词： Coupled THM model Non-Darcy flow Deformable DFN Enhanced geothermal systems

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Design of integral sliding mode guidance law based on disturbance observer

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 186-194页

作者： ZHOU Jianping ZHANg Wenjie ZHOU Hang li Qiang xia Qunli School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Informatic Engineering Mianyang Techers’CollegeMianyang 62100China Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering Beijing 100854China Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle Beijing 100076China

With the increasing precision of guidance,the impact of autopilot dynamic characteristics and target maneuvering abilities on precision guidance is becoming more and more *** order to reduce or even eliminate the autopilot dynamic operation and the target maneuvering influence,this paper suggests a guidance system model involving a novel integral sliding mode guidance law(ISMgL).The method utilizes the dynamic characteristics and the impact angle,combined with a sliding mode surface scheme that includes the desired line-ofsight angle,line-of-sight angular rate,and second-order differential of the angular *** the same time,the evaluation scenario considere the target maneuvering in the system as the external disturbance,and the non-homogeneous disturbance observer estimate the target maneuvering as a compensation of the guidance *** proposed system’s stability is proven based on the Lyapunov stability *** simulations reveale that ISMgL effectively intercepted large maneuvering targets and present a smaller miss-distance compared with traditional linear sliding mode guidance laws and trajectory shaping guidance ***,ISMgL has a more accurate impact angle and fast convergence speed.

关键词： disturbance observer pilot dynamics integral sliding mode impact angle constraint maneuvering target

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