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Interlayer engineering for titanium clad steel by hot roll bonding

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第7期25卷 739-745页

作者： xi-yang chai Tao Pan Feng chai xiao-bing Luo Hang Su Zhi-gang yang Cai-fu yang Department of Structural Steels Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Hot roll bonding was carried out between commercially pure titanium TA2 and high-strength low-alloy steel Q390 using pure Nb or Mo interlayer at 950 ~C with a total reduction ratio of 86.7%. Interfacial microstructure and bonding properties of titanium clad steel plates were investigated by electron microscopy and mechanical tests. The results showed β-Ti, TiC and Fe2Ti reaction phases were generated at Ti/steel interface for the clad plates with no interlayer. Inserting Nb or Mo interlayer can effectively suppress the formation of brittle phases, while the weak bonding joint transferred to Nb/steel or Mo/steel interface. And some micro-voids were found at the interface of Nb/steel and Mo/steel. The improved shear strength of clad plates with Nb interlayer might be attributed to the elimination of brittle phases at bonding interface. The small size and little quantities of the micro-voids at Nb/steel interface had a relatively weak effect on shear strength. However, the large number and big size of micro-voids were responsible for the degradation of shear strength for the clad plates with Mo interlayer.

关键词： Titanium clad steel Interlayer - Interfacial microstructure Brittle phase Micro-void

Precipitation Behavior of V-N Microalloyed Steels during Normalizing

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2015年第11期22卷 1037-1042页

作者： Tao PAN xi-yang chai Jin-guang WANG Hang SU Cai-fu yang Division of Structural Steels Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Division of Equipment Construction China Sinopec Engineering Incorporation

The precipitation behavior of V-N microalloyed steel during normalizing process was studied by physicochemical phase analysis and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The effect of precipitation behavior on mechanical properties was investigated by theoretical calculations. The results showed that 32.9% of V（C,N） precipitates remained undissolved in the austenite during the soaking step of the normalizing process. These precipitates prevented the growth of the austenite grains. During the subsequent cooling process, the dissolved V（C,N） re-precipitated and played a role in precipitation strengthening. The undissolved V（C,N） induced intragranular ferrite nucleation and refined the ferrite grains. Consequently, compared with hot-rolled steel, the normalized steel exhibited increased grain-refining strengthening but diminished precipitation strengthening, leading to an improvement of the impact energy at the expense of about 40 MPa yield strength.

关键词： normalizing V-N microalloyed steel precipitation strengthening grain-refining strengthening

Sensing properties and mechanisms of LaF_(3)-Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods for low-concentration methanol detection

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2193-2204页

作者： xiao-xi He Hong-Feng chai Yi-Wen Zhou Ke-Wei Liu Ze-xin Yu Chao Zhang College of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China Institutefor Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites(IMTCCC) University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany

Methanol is one of the characteristic gases that distinguish between healthy individuals and lung cancer(LC)lesions in exhaled human *** concentration in exhaled breath is generally below one part per million(1×10^(-6)).The second-phase composite is widely regarded as one of the methods to improve the gas-sensing perfor-mance of metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)*** this study,LaF_(3)-Co_(3)O_(4) was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method to enhance its low-concentration methanol gas-sensing performance.5 at%LaF_(3)-Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods exhibited excellent methanol detection performance,including a wider linear detection concentration range(0.2×10^(-6)~5×10^(-6)),a response value exceeding 4.0 for 1×10^(-6)methanol at 275°C and 75%relative humidity(RH),long-term stability(maximum deviation within 15%over 2 weeks),and excellent *** mechanism of performance enhancement was studied using various techniques,and density functional *** special spinel structure of Co_(3)O_(4),the high ionic migration of F-in LaF_(3),the larger specific surface area of 5 at%LaF_(3)-Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods,and the generated crystal defects all explain the excellentmethanol gas-sensing *** work provides a novel route to prepare MOS composite materials for low-concentration methanol gas detection.

关键词： Gas sensor LaF_(3) Co_(3)O_(4) Methanol Lung cancer

Cooperative UAV search strategy based on DMPC-AACO algorithm in restricted communication scenarios

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 295-311页

作者： Shiyuan chai Zhen yang Jichuan Huang xiaoyang Li Yiyang Zhao Deyun Zhou School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China The 93147th Unit of Chinese PLA Air Force Chengdu610091China

Improvement of integrated battlefield situational awareness in complex environments involving dynamic factors such as restricted communications and electromagnetic interference(EMI)has become a contentious research *** certain mission environments,due to the impact of many interference sources on real-time communication or mission requirements such as the need to implement communication regulations,the mission stages are represented as a dynamic combination of several communication-available and communication-unavailable ***,the data interaction between unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)can only be performed in specific communication-available *** cooperative search algorithms cannot handle such situations *** solve this problem,this study constructed a distributed model predictive control(DMPC)architecture for a collaborative control of UAVs and used the Voronoi diagram generation method to re-plan the search areas of all UAVs in real time to avoid repetition of search areas and UAV collisions while improving the search efficiency and safety *** attention mechanism ant-colony optimization(AACO)algorithm is proposed for UAV search-control decision *** search strategy is adaptively updated by introducing an attention mechanism for regular instruction information,a priori information,and emergent information of the mission to satisfy different search expectations to the maximum *** results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better search performance than traditional algorithms in restricted communication constraint scenarios.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) Cooperative search Restricted communication Mission planning DMPC-AACO

Optoelectronic Synapses Based on MXene/Violet Phosphorus van der Waals Heterojunctions for Visual‑Olfactory Crossmodal Perception

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 38-52页

作者： Hailong Ma Huajing Fang xinxing xie Yanming Liu He Tian yang chai Center for Advancing Materials Performance From the Nanoscale(CAMP‑Nano) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

The crossmodal interaction of different senses,which is an important basis for learning and memory in the human brain,is highly desired to be mimicked at the device level for developing neuromorphic crossmodal perception,but related researches are ***,we demonstrate an optoelectronic synapse for vision-olfactory crossmodal perception based on MXene/violet phosphorus(VP)van der Waals *** from the efficient separation and transport of photogenerated carriers facilitated by conductive MXene,the photoelectric responsivity of VP is dramatically enhanced by 7 orders of magnitude,reaching up to 7.7 A W^(−1).Excited by ultraviolet light,multiple synaptic functions,including excitatory postsynaptic currents,pairedpulse facilitation,short/long-term plasticity and“learning-experience”behavior,were demonstrated with a low power ***,the proposed optoelectronic synapse exhibits distinct synaptic behaviors in different gas environments,enabling it to simulate the interaction of visual and olfactory information for crossmodal *** work demonstrates the great potential of VP in optoelectronics and provides a promising platform for applications such as virtual reality and neurorobotics.

关键词： Violet phosphorus MXene Van der Waals heterojunctions Optoelectronic synapses Crossmodal perception

Graded Heterojunction Improves Wide-Bandgap Perovskite for Highly Efficient 4-Terminal Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 181-190页

作者： Wenming chai Lindong Li Weidong Zhu Dazheng Chen Long Zhou He xi Jincheng Zhang Chunfu Zhang Yue Hao State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology&Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi'anShaanxi 710071China xi'an Baoxin Solar Technology Co. Ltd.Xi'an710071China

Wide-bandgap(WBG)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are essential for highly efficient and stable silicon/perovskite tandem solar *** this study,we adopted a synthetic strategy with lead thiocyanate(Pb(SCN)_(2))additive and methylammonium chloride(MACl)posttreatment to enhance the crystallinity and improve the interface of WBG perovskite films with a bandgap of 1.68 *** excessive PbI_(2)was formed at grain boundaries and converted into MAPbI_(3-x)Cl_(x)perovskites,which are utilized to form the graded heterojunction(GHJ)and compressive *** is beneficial for passivating nonradiative recombination defects,suppressing halide phase segregation,and facilitating carrier ***,the device with GHJ delivered a champion efficiency of 20.30%and superior stability in ambient air and under 85℃.Finally,we achieved a recorded efficiency of 30.91%for 4-terminal WBG perovskite/TOPCon tandem silicon solar *** findings demonstrate a promising approach for fabricating efficient and stable WBG PSCs through the formation of GHJ.

关键词： perovskite Graded Highly

Genomic insights into adaptation to bipedal saltation and desert-like habitats of jerboas

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2003-2015页

作者： Simin chai Yujie Chong Daiqing Yin Qiang Qiu Shixia Xu Guang yang Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Jerboas is a lineage of small rodents displaying atypical mouse-like morphology with elongated strong hindlimbs and short *** have evolved obligate bipedal saltation and acute senses,and been well-adapted to vast desert-like *** a newly sequenced chromosome-scale genome of the Mongolian five-toed jerboa(Orientallactaga sibirica),our comparative genomic analyses and in vitro functional assays showed that the genetic innovations in both protein-coding and non-coding regions played an important role in jerboa morphological and physiological ***-specific amino acid substitutions,and segment insertions/deletions(indels)in conserved non-coding elements(CNEs)were found in components of proteoglycan biosynthesis pathway(XYLT1 and CHSY1),which plays an important role in limb ***,we found specific evolutionary changes functionally associated with energy or water metabolism(e.g.,specific amino acid substitutions in ND5 and indels in CNEs physically near ROR2)and senses(e.g.,expansion of vomeronasal receptors and the FAM136A gene family)in *** dual-luciferase reporter assay verified that some of the CNEs with jerboa-specific segment indels exerted a significantly different influence on luciferase activity,suggesting changes in their regulatory function in *** results revealed the potential molecular mechanisms underlying jerboa adaptation since the divergence from the Eocene-Oligocene transition,and provided more resources and new insights to enhance our understanding of the molecular basis underlying the phenotypic diversity and the environmental adaptation of mammals.

关键词： jerboa adaptive evolution comparative genomics conserved non-coding elements bipedal saltation

Accelerated Sequential Deposition Reaction via Crystal Orientation Engineering for Low-Temperature,High-Efficiency Carbon-Electrode CsPbBr_(3) Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 168-175页

作者： Zeyang Zhang Weidong Zhu Tianjiao Han Tianran Wang Wenming chai Jiaduo Zhu He xi Dazheng Chen Gang Lu Peng Dong Jincheng Zhang Chunfu Zhang Yue Hao State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology&Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi'an 710071China Guangzhou Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Innovation Center Guangzhou institute of technologyXidian UniversityGuangzhou 510555China Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development CO. LTD.Xining810008China

Low-temperature,ambient processing of high-quality CsPbBr_(3)films is demanded for scalable production of efficient,low-cost carbon-electrode perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we demonstrate a crystal orientation engineering strategy of PbBr_(2)precursor film to accelerate its reaction with CsBr precursor during two-step sequential deposition of CsPbBr_(3)*** a novel strategy is proceeded by adding CsBr species into PbBr_(2)precursor,which can tailor the preferred crystal orientation of PbBr_(2)film from[020]into[031],with CsBr additive staying in the film as CsPb_(2)Br_(5)*** calculations show that the reaction energy barrier of(031)planes of PbBr_(2)with CsBr is lower about 2.28 eV than that of(O2O)***,CsPbBr_(3)films with full coverage,high purity,high crystallinity,micro-sized grains can be obtained at a low temperature of 150℃.Carbon-electrode PSCs with these desired CsPbBr_(3)films yield the record-high efficiency of 10.27%coupled with excellent operation ***,the 1 cm^(2)area one with the superior efficiency of 8.00%as well as the flexible one with the champion efficiency of 8.27%and excellent mechanical bending characteristics are also achieved.

关键词： carbon-electrode perovskite solar cells crystal orientation engineering CsPbBr_(3) low temperature two-step sequential deposition

Cath-KP,a novel peptide derived from frog skin,prevents oxidative stress damage in a Parkinson’s disease model

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 108-124页

作者： Huanpeng Lu Jinwei chai Zijian Xu Jiena Wu Songzhe He Hang Liao Peng Huang xiaowen Huang xi Chen Haishan Jiang Shaogang Qu Xueqing Xu Department of Neurology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence GuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Department of Dermatology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Department of Neurology Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGanzhouJiangxi 341001China

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative condition that results in dyskinesia,with oxidative stress playing a pivotal role in its *** peptides may thus present therapeutic potential for *** this study,a novel cathelicidin peptide(Cath-KP;GCSGRFCNLF NNRRPGRLTLIHRPGGDKRTSTGLIYV)was identified from the skin of the Asiatic painted frog(Kaloula pulchra).Structural analysis using circular dichroism and homology modeling revealed a uniqueαββconformation for *** vitro experiments,including free radical scavenging and ferric-reducing antioxidant analyses,confirmed its antioxidant *** the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion(MPP^(+))-induced dopamine cell line and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced PD mice,Cath-KP was found to penetrate cells and reach deep brain tissues,resulting in improved MPP^(+)-induced cell viability and reduced oxidative stress-induced damage by promoting antioxidant enzyme expression and alleviating mitochondrial and intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation through Sirtuin-1(Sirt1)/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway *** focal adhesion kinase(FAK)and p38 were also identified as regulatory *** the MPTP-induced PD mice,Cath-KP administration increased the number of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neurons,restored TH content,and ameliorated *** the best of our knowledge,this study is the first to report on a cathelicidin peptide demonstrating potent antioxidant and neuroprotective properties in a PD model by targeting oxidative *** findings expand the known functions of cathelicidins,and hold promise for the development of therapeutic agents for PD.

关键词： Cath-KP Peptide Parkinson’s disease Oxidative stress Neuroprotection