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Phase saddle point transformation-enabled mode-adaptive detection of acoustic orbital angular momentum with high efficiency and low crosstalk

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

作者： Kai Wu Yang Tan Jingjing liu Bin Liang Jianchun cheng Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics MOE Institute of AcousticsDepartment of Physics Nanjing University

Acoustic orbital angular momentum (OAM) provides an infinite set of orthogonal bases in Hilbert space and significantly boosts the link capacity and data transmission rate. High-capacity and low-crosstalk OAM detection within compact physical space is highly desired to effectively harness this spatial dimension of sound wave, but the existing mechanisms generally either operate only for finite OAMs with predetermined mode orders or rely on complicated active devices. Here, we propose a phase saddle point (PSP) transformation mechanism for distinguishing and demultiplexing acoustic OAM modes in a passive, mode-adaptive,high-efficiency, and high-accuracy paradigm. The phase mask characterized by a PSP in the specific area is created through the single-pass log-polar transformation without prior information of incident modes, whose interaction with incident vortex beams of different OAM modes will yield the translation of the stationary phase point and thereby generate the corresponding focused line spots at distinct lateral positions. We theoretically elucidate the mode-adaptive response of PSP transformation by deriving the quantitative relationship between the OAM order and line spot offset. This mode adaptability enables our mechanism to detect OAM of arbitrary mode orders and mode numbers with the inter-mode crosstalk being effectively suppressed, beyond attainable with the existing methods. The effectiveness of our proposed mechanism is validated by demonstrating several distinct examples of single-mode OAM sorting and multi-mode synthesized vortex beam demultiplexing. We anticipate this modeadaptive methodology, designed for compact dimensions and featuring with low crosstalk and uniform efficiency, will find important applications in OAM information processing.

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Liquid-liquid phase separation of TRAF6 promotes anti-TB immunity

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 338-341页

作者： Yongjia Duan Yuanna cheng Mingtong Ma Liru Li Shanshan liu Liru Guan Jie Wang Hongjie liu xiaochen Huang Jianxia Chen Hua Yang Baoxue Ge Lin Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200433China Department of Microbiology and Immunology Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200433China Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Pathogen-Host Interaction Ministry of EducationDepartment of Microbiology and ImmunologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200049China

Tumor necrosis factor receptor(TNFR)-associated factor 6(TRAF6)is a key regulator of the innate immune system,activating NF-κB and AP-1 signaling[1].TRAF6 participates in the immune regulation of many diseases,especially in chronic infections caused by pathogenic bacteria,such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)-induced tuberculosis(TB)[2].

关键词： immunity tuberculosis TRAF6

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Stretchable All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Polymer Elastomer Confinement

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2025年第2期43卷 271-277页

作者： Chen-Yi Zhang Yu-Qiang liu Hong-xiang Li xin-Yue Cui Zheng-Dong Wei Yue-Heng liu Ming-Hua Li An-Dong Zhang Pei cheng Zhi-Shan Bo College of Textiles&Clothing State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesQingdao UniversityQingdao266071China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

Intrinsic stretchability is a promising attribute of polymer organic solar cells(OSCs).However,rigid molecular blocks typically exhibit poor tensile properties,rendering polymers vulnerable to mechanical *** this study,we introduce a different approach utilizing all-small-molecule donors and acceptors to fabricate stretchable *** elastomer,styrene-b-ethylene-butylene-styrene(SEBS),was embedded to modulate film crystallization and *** effectively confines the growth process of donors and acceptors,leading to enhancement of the crystallization quality,thus contributing to enhanced device ***,SEBS can absorb and release mechanical stress during stretching,thereby preventing mechanical degradation of donors and *** mechanical properties of the OSCs were significantly improved by the incorporation of ***,the crack-onset strain increased from 1.03% to 5.99% with SEBS *** findings present a straightforward strategy for achieving stretchable OSCs using all small molecules,offering a different perspective for realizing stretchable devices.

关键词： All-small-molecule Organic solar cells Elastomer Stretchability Flexibility

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Strategic integration of 2D perovskite and chiral quantum dot hybrid heterostructures for superior CPL detection

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 364-373页

作者： Jiahe YAN xi ZHANG Lei liu Hualin BI Mengke WANG Jing LI Jun WANG Department of Chemistry College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Circularly polarized light(CPL)detection has garnered significant research interest due to its extensive applications in optoelectronics and quantum *** perovskites possess CPL detection capabilities due to their inherent ***,incorporating organic amine spacers distorts the crystal lattice,resulting in defects that reduce the sensitivity of CPL *** study introduces the concept of chiral superposition for the first time,reporting two mixed heterostructures composed of two-dimensional(2D)chiral perovskite(R/S-MBA)_2MAPb_2I_7(R/S),chiral quantum dots(R/S-MBA)-CsPbBr_3(R/SQD),and chiral carbon dots(Ch-CDs).The addition of chiral quantum dots/Ch-CDs fills the defects of the chiral perovskite films and reduces the electron-hole recombination rate in chiral hybrid perovskites,thereby significantly enhancing the circularly polarized sensitivity of the CPL *** adjusting the concentration of chiral quantum dots,controllability of spin electron transfer is achieved,which has a notable impact on circular dichroism(CD)and anisotropy factor g_(lhp).The anisotropy factor g_(lhp)of the mixed heterostructure R/S-R/SQD is approximately 21.58 times higher than that of single-phase chiral perovskites,and the asymmetry factor g_(CD)increases ***,this work opens up a new effective pathway for achieving high-sensitivity CPL detection,with promising applications in optoelectronic technologies such as spin information communication and quantum optics.

关键词： circularly polarized light chiral perovskite chiral quantum dots circular dichroism

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Impact of land use change on carbon storage in the middle reaches of the Yellow River,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2025年第2期17卷 167-181页

作者： SHI xiaoliang ZHANG Jie liu Simin DING Hao CHEN xi WANG Li ZHANG Dan College of Geomatics Xi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710054China China National Forestry-Grassland Development Research Center Beijing 100714China

The implementation of long-term shelterbelt programs in the middle reaches of the Yellow River(MRYR),China not only has improved the overall ecological environment,but also has led to the changes of land use pattern,causing carbon storage ***,the relationship between carbon storage and land use change in the MRYR is not concerned,which results in the uncertainty in the simulation of carbon storage in this *** use changes directly affect the carbon storage capacity of ecosystems,and as an indicator reflecting the overall state of land use,land use degree has an important relationship with carbon *** this study,land use data and the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs(InVEST)model were used to assess the trends in land use degree and carbon storage in the MRYR during *** potential impact index and the standard deviation ellipse(SDE)algorithm were applied to quantify and analyze the characteristics of the impact of land use changes on carbon ***,land use transitions that led to carbon storage variations and their spatial variations were *** results showed that:(1)the most significant periods of carbon storage changes and land use transitions were observed during 1990-1995 and 1995-2020,with the most changed areas locating in the east of Fenhe River and in northwestern Henan Province;(2)the positive impact of land use degree on carbon storage may be related to the environmental protection measures implemented along the Yellow River,while the negative impact may be associated with the expansion of construction land in plain areas;and(3)the conversion of other land use types to grassland was the primary factor affecting carbon storage changes during *** future land use planning,attention should be given to the direction of grassland conversion,and focus on reasonably limiting the development of construction *** enhance carbon storage,it will be crucial to increase the area

关键词： carbon storage land use degree integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs(InVEST)model potential impact standard deviation ellipse(SDE)

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PbrMYB4,a R2R3-MYB protein,regulates pear stone cell lignification through activation of lignin biosynthesis genes

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 105-122页

作者： Dongliang liu Yongsong Xue Runze Wang Bobo Song cheng Xue Yanfei Shan Zhaolong Xue Jun Wu College of Horticulture State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratoryof Horticultural Crop Quality Biology Schoolof HorticultureAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui 230036 China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong 271018China

Pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)fruit stone cells are primarily composed of lignin and have strongly lignified cell *** presence of stone cells has a negative influence on fruit texture and taste,and thus the reduction of stone cell content in pear fruit is a key goal of breeding ***,research into the key transcription factors and regulatory networks associated with pear fruit stone cell formation have been *** here used a combination of co-expression network and expression quantitative trait locus(eQTL)analyses in 206 pear cultivars with different stone cell contents to identify relevant genes;these analyses uncovered the gene PbrMYB4,a R2R3 MYB transcription factor *** was a strong positive correlation between relative PbrMYB4 expression levels in the fruit flesh and stone cell/lignin *** of PbrMYB4 significantly increased the lignin contents,whereas silencing of PbrMYB4 had the opposite effect,decreasing the contents of ***4 overexpression in pear calli significantly promoted lignin *** Arabidopsis thaliana,PbrMYB4 overexpression resulted in increasing lignin deposition,cell wall thickness of vessels and xylary fiber,and accelerating expression level of lignin biosynthetic ***4 was found to activate 4-Coumarate:Coenzyme A Ligase(Pbr4CL1)by binding to AC-I elements in the promoter regions,as demonstrated with dual-luciferase reporter assays and a yeast one-hybrid *** results demonstrated that PbrMYB4 positively regulated lignin biosynthesis in pear fruit stone cells by activating lignin biosynthesis *** study improves our understanding of the gene regulatory networks associated with stone cell formation in pear fruit,providing guidance for molecular breeding of pear varieties with low stone cell content.

关键词： Pear Stone cell R2R3-MYBs Lignin

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双官能团硫脲催化丙交酯开环聚合反应的理论研究

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化学学报 2008年第8期66卷 885-889页

作者：朱荣秀张冬菊王若曦刘成卜山东大学化学与化工学院济南250100 山东警察学院刑事科技系济南250014

用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上研究了双官能团硫脲催化丙交酯开环聚合反应的微观机理.讨论了催化聚合反应的两条可能路径:路径A和路径B.计算结果表明沿路径A进行的开环聚合反应在能量上是有利的.从理论上证实了催化剂在聚合反... 详细信息

用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上研究了双官能团硫脲催化丙交酯开环聚合反应的微观机理.讨论了催化聚合反应的两条可能路径:路径A和路径B.计算结果表明沿路径A进行的开环聚合反应在能量上是有利的.从理论上证实了催化剂在聚合反应中所起的双官能团催化作用,即氨基活化引发剂,硫脲活化单体,通过两个基团共同作用,完成催化开环.

关键词：双官能团硫脲开环聚合丙交酯反应机理:密度泛函理论

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4-Nitrophenol at environmentally relevant concentrations mediates reproductive toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans via metabolic disorders-induced estrogen signaling pathway

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 244-258页

作者： Jia Wang Jiechen Yin Danhong Peng xiaoqian Zhang Zhouhong Shi Weixi Li Yingchi Shi Mingjun Sun Nan Jiang Beijing cheng xingchen Meng Ran liu Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering Ministry of EducationSchool of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Zhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215002China

4-Nitrophenol(4-NP),as a toxic and refractory pollutant,has generated significant concern due to its adverse ***,the potential toxic effects andmechanism remained *** this study,the reproduction,development,locomotion and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production of Caenorhabditis elegans were investigated to evaluate the 4-NP *** used metabolomics to assess the potential damage *** role of metabolites in mediating the relationship between 4-NP and phenotypes was examined by correlation and mediation analysis.4-NP(8 ng/L and 8μg/L)caused significant reduction of brood size,ovulation rate,total germ cells numbers,head thrashes and body bends,and an increase in ***,the oosperm numbers in uterus,body length and body width were decreased in 8μg/***,36 differential metabolites were enriched in the significant metabolic pathways,including lysine biosynthesis,β-alanine metabolism,tryptophan metabolism,pentose phosphate pathway,pentose and glucuronate interconversions,amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism,starch and sucrose metabolism,galactose metabolism,propanoate metabolism,glycerolipid metabolism,and estrogen signaling *** mechanism of 4-NP toxicity was that oxidative stress caused by the perturbation of amino acid,which had effects on energy metabolism through disturbing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism,and finally affected the estrogen signaling pathway to exert toxic ***,correlation and mediation analysis showed glycerol-3P,glucosamine-6P,glucosamine-1P,UDP-galactose,L-aspartic acid,and uracilwere potential markers for the reproduction and glucose-1,6P2 for developmental *** results provided insight into the pathways involved in the toxic effects caused by 4-NP and developed potential biomarkers to evaluate 4-NP toxicity.

关键词： 4-Nitrophenol Caenorhabditis elegans Metabolomics Pathway analysis

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An enhancer–promoter-transcription factor module orchestrates plant immune homeostasis by constraining camalexin biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2025年第1期18卷 95-113页

作者： Ying Zhang Meng Tang Yi Zhang Qinglin cheng Lijiang liu Wei Chen Jiatao xie Jiasen cheng Yanping Fu Bo Li Daohong Jiang xiao Yu National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China

Effective plant defense against pathogens relies on highly coordinated regulation of immune gene ***,as cis-regulatory elements,are indispensable determinants of dynamic gene regulation,but the molecular functions in plant immunity are not well *** this study,we identified a novel enhancer,CORE PATTERN-INDUCED ENHANCER 35(CPIE35),which is rapidly activated upon pathogenic elicitation and negatively regulates antifungal resistance through modulating WRKY15 *** immune activation,CPIE35 activates the transcription of WRKY15 by forming chromatin loops with the promoter of WRKY15 in a WRKY18/40/60-,WRKY33-,and MYC2-dependent ***15 directly binds to the promoters of PAD3 and GSTU4,suppressing their expression and leading to reduced camalexin synthesis and ***,CPIE35 region is evolutionarily conserved among Brassicaceae plants,and the CPIE35-WRKY15 module exerts similar functions in Brassica napus to negatively regulate antifungal *** work reveals the“enhancer–promoter-transcription factor”regulatory mechanism in maintenance of immune homeostasis,highlighting the importance and conserved role of enhancers in fine-tuning immune gene expression in plants.

关键词： plant innate immunity enhancers antifungal resistance transcriptional regulation cis-regulatory elements transcription factors

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Deliberate design of MOF-based pre-catalyst rationalizing the structural reconstruction toward efficient oxygen evolution reaction

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yunhui Chen Meng Tian Zhongqi Zhang Guangzhao Wang Yan Guo Jing Wu Dawei Qi Zhenhua Yan xiangyu liu xi liu State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNingxia University Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials Technology of Chongqing School of Electronic Information Engineering Yangtze Normal University Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry Nankai University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering In-situ Center for Physical Sciences Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Metal-organic frameworks （MOFs）,that have emerged as promising electrocatalysts in oxygen evolution reaction （OER）,usually undergo structural reconstruction to form metal hydroxides as active ***,it remains a great challenge to design and synthesize ideal MOF-based pre-catalysts for properly cognizing and utilizing the reconstruction process toward efficient OER ***,the well-defined MOF-808 is post-modified by 2-hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid （HPAA） to form a micro-adsorber that enables to capture of metal ions ***3+and Ni2+ions are synergistically anchored into the microadsorber,developing a Fe/Ni-containing pre-catalyst that can be dynamically electrooxidized to be an active and stable dual-site electrocatalyst denoted by R-MOF-HPAA@FeNi with abundant metal *** a result,R-MOF-HPAA@FeNi exhibits an excellent OER performance with a low overpotential of 272 mV and Tafel slope of 35.9 m V dec-1,as well as long-term stability over 300 h at 10 m A *** and theoretical calculations suggest the resulting catalyst mainly follows a lattice oxygen mechanism （LOM） of dual-metal-site mechanism （DMSM）.Owing to the chelating role of HPAA,the post-synthesized MOF-HPAA behaves as a trap to uniformly and firmly adhere Fe3+and Ni2+ions,leading to a functionalized MOF-based pre-catalyst which can be structurally evolved into atomic level-distributed OER electrocatalysts.

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