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知识密集型产业的多学科交叉创新机制研究

科学学研究 2024年第2期42卷 415-426页

作者：张贝贝尹西明余江中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院北京100190 北京理工大学管理与经济学院北京100081 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地清华大学技术创新研究中心北京100084 中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院北京100049

多学科交叉是知识密集型产业技术创新的突出特征,透彻了解多学科交叉创新机制是加快突破知识密集型产业技术“卡脖子”问题、实现高水平科技自立自强的重要议题。本研究聚焦芯片制造这一典型的知识密集型产业,基于2000-2020年的42785条... 详细信息

多学科交叉是知识密集型产业技术创新的突出特征,透彻了解多学科交叉创新机制是加快突破知识密集型产业技术“卡脖子”问题、实现高水平科技自立自强的重要议题。本研究聚焦芯片制造这一典型的知识密集型产业,基于2000-2020年的42785条芯片制造专利数据,实证探究多学科交叉对知识密集型产业技术创新的影响机制。研究发现:(1)学科系统均衡性与技术创新价值具有显著的倒“U”型关系,即“创新产生于混沌的边缘”。相较于“无中心型”和“绝对中心型”的学科交互模式,“主导-辅助型”学科交互模式更有利于技术创新价值的提升。(2)学科内容差异性能够显著提升技术创新价值。(3)由于知识约束与互补效应的存在,学科种类多样性与技术创新价值呈现显著的倒“U”型关系。研究结论为辩证推进多学科交叉创新,加快知识密集型产业关键核心技术突破,增强产业链供应链安全韧性,有效支撑科技自立自强提供重要理论和实践启示。

关键词：知识密集型产业学科种类多样性芯片学科系统均衡性学科内容差异性科技自立自强

基于桩土耦合作用的单桩式风机承载力可靠性研究

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船舶力学 2024年第8期28卷 1254-1264页

作者：汤苏西殷齐麟翟金金王薇江苏科技大学江苏镇江212100

大直径单桩是海上风机重要的基础型式,其承载力可靠性是桩基设计的关键问题。本文考虑实际多土层的地质条件以及风速、波高、周期等环境参数的相关性,改进并采用BP神经网络与蒙特卡罗模拟相结合的方法,对大直径单桩风机在正常使用极限状... 详细信息

大直径单桩是海上风机重要的基础型式,其承载力可靠性是桩基设计的关键问题。本文考虑实际多土层的地质条件以及风速、波高、周期等环境参数的相关性,改进并采用BP神经网络与蒙特卡罗模拟相结合的方法,对大直径单桩风机在正常使用极限状态(SLS)下的承载力可靠性开展研究;基于桩-土接触面模型进行确定性的承载力分析,分别对砂土、粘土海床中的准确性进行验证,并采用该模型确定神经网络训练点的准确解;最后,以LW 8MW风机为例,进行SLS下单桩风机承载力可靠性分析。该方法可以为国内后续海上风电场的设计建设提供参考。

关键词：单桩风机承载力可靠性桩-土接触面模型 BP神经网络与蒙特卡罗模拟参数相关性

ZIF-8作为疫苗佐剂/递送系统的应用研究

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中国生物工程杂志 2024年第7期44卷 81-88页

作者：呼高伟洪纯丽罗希尹龙飞台州学院生命科学学院、台州市生物质功能材料开发与应用重点实验室台州318000

疫苗被认为是疫病防控的有效手段之一,其主要类型包括传统灭活疫苗、弱毒疫苗以及新型蛋白、核酸和多肽疫苗等。新型疫苗的抗原成分多为生物活性物质,容易受到外界环境的影响,单独使用在体内易被代谢且免疫原性弱,必须搭配佐剂使用。不... 详细信息

疫苗被认为是疫病防控的有效手段之一,其主要类型包括传统灭活疫苗、弱毒疫苗以及新型蛋白、核酸和多肽疫苗等。新型疫苗的抗原成分多为生物活性物质,容易受到外界环境的影响,单独使用在体内易被代谢且免疫原性弱,必须搭配佐剂使用。不同类型的疫苗搭配使用的佐剂普遍存在制备过程复杂、生物安全性低、稳定性差、转染效率低等问题。因此,亟待开发一种更加安全、高效、生物相容性好以及易制备的新型疫苗佐剂/递送载体。ZIF-8(zeolitic imidazolate framework-8)是由锌离子和2-甲基咪唑结合而成的一类金属有机框架材料,具有高稳定性、高比表面积、低毒性以及高生物相容性等特点。近年来,由于ZIF-8独特的结构和优异的热稳定性,研究人员通过仿生矿化的方法使ZIF-8包封蛋白、核酸、细菌和病毒等生物活性成分,可作为疫苗新型佐剂/递送载体。概述ZIF-8作为蛋白疫苗、核酸疫苗、灭活疫苗、病毒疫苗递送载体的相关研究进展,以期为疫苗递送载体的研发提供参考。

关键词：金属有机框架材料 ZIF-8 疫苗递送系统

Manipulating the Spatial Structure of Second-Order Quantum Coherence Using Entangled Photons

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第7期41卷 58-73页

作者：黄双印高菁任志成程子默朱文正薛舒天娄严超刘志峰陈超朱飞杨立平汪喜林王慧田 National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Intelligent Scientific Systems Co.Limited Beijing 102208China Center for Quantum Sciences and School of Physics Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

High-order quantum coherence reveals the statistical correlation of quantum particles. Manipulation of quantum coherence of light in the temporal domain enables the production of the single-photon source, which has become one of the most important quantum resources. High-order quantum coherence in the spatial domain plays a crucial role in a variety of applications, such as quantum imaging, holography, and microscopy. However, the active control of second-order spatial quantum coherence remains a challenging task. Here we predict theoretically and demonstrate experimentally the first active manipulation of second-order spatial quantum coherence,which exhibits the capability of switching between bunching and anti-bunching, by mapping the entanglement of spatially structured photons. We also show that signal processing based on quantum coherence exhibits robust resistance to intensity disturbance. Our findings not only enhance existing applications but also pave the way for broader utilization of higher-order spatial quantum coherence.

关键词： particles quantum spatially

Magnetic Fields Reduce Apoptosis by Suppressing Phase Separation of Tau-441

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 181-197页

作者： Wen-Juan Lin Wen-Pu Shi Wan-Yi Ge Liang-Liang Chen Wei-Hong Guo Peng Shang Da-Chuan yin Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical University127 Youyixi RoadXi'an 710072ShaanxiPR China

The biological effects of magnetic fields(MFs)have been a controversial ***,in recent years,there has been increasing evidence that MFs do affect biological ***,the physical mechanism remains ***,we show that MFs(16 T)reduce apoptosis in cell lines by inhibiting liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)of Tau-441,suggesting that the MF effect on LLPS may be one of the mechanisms for understanding the“mysterious”magnetobiological *** LLPS of Tau-441 occurred in the cytoplasm after induction with *** phase-separated droplets of Tau-441 recruited hexokinase(HK),resulting in a decrease in the amount of free HK in the *** cells,HK and Bax compete to bind to the voltage-dependent anion channel(VDAC I)on the mitochondrial membrane.A decrease in the number of free HK molecules increased the chance of Bax binding to VDAC I,leading to increased Bax-mediated *** the presence of a static MF,LLPS was marked inhibited and HK recruitment was reduced,resulting in an increased probability of HK binding to VDAC I and a decreased probability of Bax binding to VDAC I,thus reducing Bax-mediated *** findings revealed a new physical mechanism for understanding magnetobiological effects from the perspective of *** addition,these results show the potential applications of physical environments,such as MFs in this study,in the treatment of LLPS-related diseases.

关键词： inhibited Apoptosis finding

Pharmacist-led interventions in older adults:A bibliometric analysis of scientific literature

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第8期33卷 751-765页

作者： xiaojing Lu Xuedong Jia Fangying Si xi Yang Wan Zhang Zhao yin Department of Pharmacy the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052HenanChina

Pharmacist-led interventions have demonstrated significant benefits for older adults,with a plethora of studies dedicated to this subject.A bibliometric study was conducted to assess the current state of research and summarize key themes in the domain of pharmacist-led interventions for older *** analysis encompassed publications available in the Web of Science Core Collection from its inception until September 8,*** perform the bibliometric analysis,VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were *** initial query yielded a substantial 6084 relevant documents spanning the period from 1995 to September 8,*** these,5496(constituting 90.34%)were categorized as“Article”.Notably,the yearly output of publications displayed an upward *** body of work emanated from 120 countries and regions,with the United States being the foremost contributor,accounting for the majority of publications(n=2637).The University of Sydney in Australia emerged as the institution with the highest number of publications(n=155).Timothy F Chen,affiliated with the University of Sydney,was the most prolific author,boasting 35 *** T Hanlon,a scholar affiliated with the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia,emerged as the most frequently co-cited *** considering journal productivity,The Journal of Managed Care&Specialty Pharmacy stood out as the most prolific journal(n=251).Conversely,the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society garnered the highest number of co-citations(n=5293).The predominant research themes encompassed the development of new criteria,updates to existing criteria,the utilization of criteria for identifying potentially inappropriate medications in older populations,concerns surrounding inappropriate polypharmacy in this demographic,and the evaluation of the positive impact of pharmacist-led interventions for older *** conclusion,this comprehensive bibliometric analysis offers a panoramic view of pharmacist-led interventi

关键词： Bibliometrics Pharmacist-led interventions Older adults VOSviewer CiteSpace

A robust indium-organic framework with open tubular channels for efficient separation of acetylene

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3139-3146页

作者： Yong-Zhi Li Gang-Ding Wang Fan Xu Qing yin Danyang Zhao Jiqiu Qi Yanwei Sui Lei Hou Yao-Yu Wang School of Materials and Physics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry&Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China

Considering the tremendous applications and purification requirement of acetylene(C_(2)H_(2)),seeking appropriate adsorbents with high capacity and selectivity is a vital task and remains an enduring ***,we designed and synthesized a robust three-dimensional(3D)indium-organic framework([(Me)_(2)NH_(2)][In(L6)_(0.5)(IPA)_(0.5)]·DMA·2H_(2)O(In-L6-IPA,DMA=dimethylammonium,IPA=isopropyl alcohol))featuring two types of one-dimensional(1D)tubular *** activated In-L6-IPA displayed high loading for C_(2)H_(2)(104.4 cm^(3)·g^(-1),the second highest value among all reported indium-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs))and simultaneously selective adsorption for C_(2)H_(2) over CO_(2),C_(2)H_(6),and ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))at 298 K under 100 *** modelling revealed that the porous wall of In-L6-IPA provides more and stronger multiple interactions for C_(2)H_(2) than CO_(2),C_(2)H_(6),and C_(2)H_(4) containing C–H···π,C–H···O,and O···π*** experiments validated the actual separation ability for various ratios of binary C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(4) and C_(2)H_(2)/CO_(2) mixtures as well as equimolar ternary C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(4)/CO_(2) and C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(6) mixtures with excellent reusability.

关键词： indium-organic framework crystal structure gas adsorption acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))separation

椭圆形障条风障对桥面行车风环境影响的CFD研究

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中国公路学报 2024年第5期37卷 289-299页

作者：文颖何琪瑶严磊何旭辉康熙萌中南大学高速铁路建造技术国家工程研究中心湖南长沙410075 中南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410075 中南大学轨道交通工程结构防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室湖南长沙410075

以某双边箱组合梁为研究对象,开展详细的椭圆形障条风障(EBWB)对桥面行车风环境影响的CFD数值模拟研究。首先检验湍流模型以及时间步长和网格密度无关性,然后比较在1.71 m防撞栏杆上设置EBWB或常规矩形障条风障(RBWB)的侧风折减系数的差... 详细信息

以某双边箱组合梁为研究对象,开展详细的椭圆形障条风障(EBWB)对桥面行车风环境影响的CFD数值模拟研究。首先检验湍流模型以及时间步长和网格密度无关性,然后比较在1.71 m防撞栏杆上设置EBWB或常规矩形障条风障(RBWB)的侧风折减系数的差异,进一步分析有无EBWB时的桥面行车风环境。通过研究侧风折减系数、风剖面曲线以及流场结构,分析了风障透风率和风障高度对桥面行车风环境的影响,同时在考虑桥梁阻力系数的基础上引入一个综合指标以比选最优风屏障形式。研究结果表明:SST k-ω、RNG k-ε两种湍流模型的计算三分力系数相差较小,0°风攻角下2种阻力系数相差仅为4.02%,说明当前模拟方法可靠;EBWB与RBWB均具有良好的减风效果,EBWB的侧风折减系数更小,阻力系数也更大;减小风障透风率或增大风障高度可以改善桥面行车风环境,但桥梁风荷载随之增大。对于所提的双边箱组合梁断面,综合考虑桥面行车风环境和桥梁风荷载后,透风率为52%且风障高度为1.486 m的椭圆形障条风障(总屏障高度为3.196 m)最优。

关键词：桥梁工程桥面行车风环境 CFD 风障透风率侧风折减系数

China 05 Bone Age Assessment Based On Deep Learning

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年

作者： Liao Yanna Huang Chaoyang Zhang Tao yin Yafang School of Electronic and Information Engineering， xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications

Bone age assessment is considered essential in pediatric medicine and forensic evaluation. Traditional methods are time-consuming and heavily dependent on the physician's expertise， leading to variable outcomes. This study introduces a novel method， the China 05 bone age assessment， which utilizes hand bone X-ray images from a tertiary hospital and combines a convolutional neural network (CNN) with a Swin transformer. Additionally， a Swin-space transformer module is designed to enhance the perceptual field and semantic interaction capabilities for adolescent hand bone images aged 3-16 in China. Initially， the model employs an Resnet module to extract basic feature information from the images. Due to the increased space and time complexity of the traditional Swin transformer model， a Poolformer module is integrated to reduce computational demands. Remarkably， the proposed model shows an improvement in the accuracy within ±1 year of age for male and female assessments by 1.44% and 1.56%， respectively， and achieves a reduction in mean absolute error (MAE) by 3.12% and 1.07% for each gender， respectively.

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