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Staphylococcus aureus and biofilms:transmission, threats, and promising strategies in animal husbandry

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1408-1423页

作者： Mengda Song Qi tang Yakun Ding Peng tan Yucheng Zhang Tao Wang Chenlong Zhou Shenrui Xu Mengwei Lyu Yueyu Bai xi Ma State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Innovative Utilization of Local Cattle and Sheep Germplasm Resources(Co‑Construction by Ministry and Province) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSchool of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) is a common pathogenic bacterium in animal husbandry that can cause diseases such as mastitis, skin infections, arthritis, and other ailments. The formation of biofilms threatens and exacerbates S. aureus infection by allowing the bacteria to adhere to pathological areas and livestock product surfaces, thus triggering animal health crises and safety issues with livestock products. To solve this problem, in this review, we provide a brief overview of the harm caused by S. aureus and its biofilms on livestock and animal byproducts(meat and dairy products). We also describe the ways in which S. aureus spreads in animals and the threats it poses to the livestock industry. The processes and molecular mechanisms involved in biofilm formation are then explained. Finally, we discuss strategies for the removal and eradication of S. aureus and biofilms in animal husbandry, including the use of antimicrobial peptides, plant extracts, nanoparticles, phages, and antibodies. These strategies to reduce the spread of S. aureus in animal husbandry help maintain livestock health and improve productivity to ensure the ecologically sustainable development of animal husbandry and the safety of livestock products.

关键词： Animal husbandry Biofilm Mastitis Mitigation strategies Staphylococcus aureus

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通过河流剪切力获取河道侵蚀速率和基岩可蚀系数——以龙门山为例

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地震地质 2022年第1期44卷 115-129页

作者：叶轶佳谭锡斌钱黎中国地震局地质研究所地震动力学国家重点实验室北京100029

河流作为主要的地貌单元之一,在经历构造活动、气候变化、海平面升降后,会记录丰富的相关信息。基于河流剪切力模型,可应用地貌参数对河流侵蚀速率进行计算。文中利用已有的龙门山地区沉积岩类和花岗岩类的河流剪切力与侵蚀速率之间的... 详细信息

河流作为主要的地貌单元之一,在经历构造活动、气候变化、海平面升降后,会记录丰富的相关信息。基于河流剪切力模型,可应用地貌参数对河流侵蚀速率进行计算。文中利用已有的龙门山地区沉积岩类和花岗岩类的河流剪切力与侵蚀速率之间的经验关系,计算了沿河139个点的侵蚀速率。结果表明,汶川-茂县断裂下盘的侵蚀速率为0.43mm/a,双石-大川断裂上、下盘的侵蚀速率分别为0.49mm/a和0.28mm/a。另外,文中根据经验公式计算了每个观测点的可蚀系数(Erodibility),揭示出:1)断裂活动使沉积岩的可蚀系数增加了约3倍,而花岗岩的可蚀系数增加了约1倍;2)断裂活动对沉积岩的影响(距离断裂约2km范围内)明显比花岗岩(距离断裂约5km范围内)更集中。研究表明,断层活动使可蚀系数明显增大(即断裂附近的岩石较破碎),从而对区域地貌演化产生了重要影响。

关键词：可蚀系数河流剪切力侵蚀速率龙门山断裂带

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Variational Analysis Based on Proximal Subdifferential on Smooth Banach Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第2期40卷 595-618页

作者： xi Yin ZHENG Department of Mathematics Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091P.R.China

This paper first shows that for any p∈(1,2)there exists a continuously differentiable function f on l^(p)(and L^(p))such that the proximal subdifferential of f is empty everywhere,and hence it is not suitable to develop theory on proximal subdifferential in the classical Banach spaces l^(P)and L^(P) with p∈(1,2).On the other hand,this paper establishes variational analysis based on the proximal subdifferential in the framework of smooth Banach spaces of power type 2,which conclude all Hilbert spaces and all the classical spaces l^(P)and L^(P)with p∈(2,+∞).In particular,in such a smooth space,we provide the proximal subdifferential rules for sum functions,product functions,composite functions and supremum functions,which extend the basic results on the proximal subdifferential established in the framework of Hilbert *** of our main results are new even in the Hilbert space *** applications,we provide KKT-like conditions for nonsmooth optimization problems in terms of proximal subdifferential.

关键词： Smooth Banach space proximal subdifferential proximal normal cone KKT condition

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DOCK2 regulates antifungal immunity by regulating RAC GTPase activity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第5期19卷 602-618页

作者： xiaojian Ma xi tan Bingbing Yu Wanwei Sun Heping Wang Huijun Hu Yanyun Du Ruirui He Ru Gao Qianwen Peng Zhihui Cui Ting Pan xiong Feng Junhan Wang Chengqi Xu Bin Zhu Wei Liu Chenhui Wang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education National Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics the Ministry of EducationCollege of Life Science and Technology and Shenzhen CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and the Department of Laboratory Medicine Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU026) Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalChengduSichuanChina University-Affiliated Hospital Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and TechnologyCenter for Human Genome ResearchCardio-X InstituteHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074PR China

Fungal infections cause~1.5 million deaths each year worldwide,and the mortality rate of disseminated candidiasis currently exceeds that of breast cancer and *** major reasons for the high mortality of candidiasis are the limited number of antifungal drugs and the emergence of drug-resistant ***,a better understanding of antifungal host defense mechanisms is crucial for the development of effective preventive and therapeutic ***,we report that DOCK2(dedicator of cytokinesis 2)promotes indispensable antifungal innate immune signaling and proinflammatory gene expression in ***2-deficient macrophages exhibit decreased RAC GTPase(Rac family small GTPase)activation and ROS(reactive oxygen species)production,which in turn attenuates the killing of intracellular fungi and the activation of downstream signaling ***,after fungal stimulation,activated SYK(spleen-associated tyrosine kinase)phosphorylates DOCK2 at tyrosine 985 and 1405,which promotes the recruitment and activation of RAC GTPases and then increases ROS production and downstream signaling ***,nanoparticle-mediated delivery of in vitro transcribed(IVT)Rac1 mRNA promotes the activity of Rac1 and helps to eliminate fungal infection in *** together,this study not only identifies a critical role of DOCK2 in antifungal immunity via regulation of RAC GTPase activity but also provides proof of concept for the treatment of invasive fungal infections by using IVT mRNA.

关键词： DOCK2 RAC Anti-fungal immunity IVT-mRNA

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A Generalized Blow up Criteria with One Component of Velocity for 3D Incompressible MHD System

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第2期45卷 253-264页

作者： Bin HAN xi xiONG Department of Mathematics Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China

In this paper,the authors study the global regularity of the 3D magnetohydrodynamics system in terms of one velocity *** particular,they establish a new Prodi-Serrin type regularity criterion in the framework of weak ... 详细信息

关键词： MHD Regularity Blow-up criterion

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A review of the neurotransmitter system associated with cognitive function of the cerebellum in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 324-330页

作者： xi Chen Yuhu Zhang Department of Neurology Guangdong Neuroscience InstituteGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Shantou University Medical College ShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina

The dichotomized brain system is a concept that was generalized from the‘dual syndrome hypothesis’to explain the heterogeneity of cognitive impairment,in which anterior and posterior brain systems are independent but partially *** dopaminergic system acts on the anterior brain and is responsible for executive function,working memory,and *** contrast,the cholinergic system acts on the posterior brain and is responsible for semantic fluency and visuospatial *** from dopaminergic/cholinergic imaging or functional neuroimaging has shed significant insight relating to the involvement of the cerebellum in the cognitive process of patients with Parkinson’s *** research has reported evidence that the cerebellum receives both dopaminergic and cholinergic ***,whether these two neurotransmitter systems are associated with cognitive function has yet to be fully ***,the precise role of the cerebellum in patients with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment remains ***,in this review,we summarize the cerebellar dopaminergic and cholinergic projections and their relationships with cognition,as reported by previous studies,and investigated the role of the cerebellum in patients with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment,as determined by functional *** findings will help us to understand the role of the cerebellum in the mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： anterior brain system cerebellum cholinergic cognitive impairment dopaminergic dual syndrome hypothesis neuroimage neurotransmitter Parkinson’s disease posterior brain system therapeutic targets

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Bio-screening and quantification of methyl paraben in vinegar and coconut juice separated by HPTLC

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1602-1607页

作者： Yisheng Chen xingjun xi College of Food Science and Engineering Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China Insitute of Food Nutrition and Safety Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031China Institute of Agricultural Food Standardization China National Institute of StandardizationBeijing 100191China

As a widely used food preservative,methyl paraben was experimentally evidenced with serious hormonelike adverse ***,a high performance thin-layer chromatography platformed bioluminescent bioautography and image analysis for the selective quantification and confirmation of methyl paraben was proposed and validated in vinegar and coconut ***,the detectability of the bioautography to the analyte on different layer materials was estimated,revealing that normal silica gel was the best *** that,the liquid of sample extract and working solution were separated to overcome the background noises due to co-extracted *** separation result was then coupled to the optimized bioautography,enabling instant and straightforward screening of the targeted *** accurate quantification,bioluninescent inhibition pattern caused by the analyte was processed by image analysis,giving useful sensitivity(LOD>16 mg/kg),precision(RSD<10.1%)and accuracy(spike-recovery rate 76.9%-112.2%).Finally,the suspected result was confirmed by determining its MS fingerprint,further strengthening the reliability of screening.

关键词： High performance thin-layer chromatography Bio-screening Bioluminescence Image analysis Methyl paraben

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Effects of time lag and stress loading rate on permeability in low permeability reservoirs

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Mining Science and Technology 2009年第4期19卷 526-530页

作者： WANG Rui YUE xiang-an ZHANG Wei tan xi-qun ZHANG Yan MOE Key Laboratory for Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Sinopec Exploration ＆ Production Research Institute Beijing 100083 China China Huayou Group Corporation Beijing 100011 China

In order to study the effect of time lag and stress loading rates on rock deformation,the conventional stepped stress loading mode was changed into a continuous mode to investigate the effect of effective pressure on permeability and *** time lag effect of rock deformation illustrating the relationship between changes in permeability and steady time was *** reduction ratios were measured under different stress loading rates which were achieved by different pump rate *** results show that permeability and porosity gradually decrease with increases in effective *** at high effective pressure attains stability *** times at low effective pressure are very *** in permeability at lower stress loading rates is small,while,in contrast,it is large at high stress loading rates.

关键词：时间滞后储层渗透率加载速率低应力低渗透孔隙压力压力稳定有效渗透率

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Visualization analysis of the study of fund-sponsored clinical nursing papers

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Frontiers of Nursing 2018年第2期5卷 127-137页

作者： xi tan Jin-Lian Cheng Yu-Jiao Li School of Nursing Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030001 China First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University TaiyuanShanxi 030001China

Objective： The aims of this study were to understand the status quo of authors, collaborations between institutions, research hotspots, and research frontiers of fund-sponsored clinical nursing papers and to provide a reference for Chinese scholars to conduct clinical nursing studies in the ***： The visualization software CiteSpace was used to analyze fund-sponsored clinical nursing papers published between 2012 and 2016 in 12 core journals of ***： In the clinical nursing field, there are many co叩erative author groups; however, the collaborations between institu加 not close and exist mainly within the same province or city. High-frequency keywords have revealed the four clinical nursing research hotspots of population, diseases, nursing intervention, and others. Chinese medicine nursing, prevention, treatment and nursing, and new technology-aided nursing of ventilator-associated pneumonia are the study frontiers of clinical ***： Clinical nursing studies are rich in content and cover a wide range of areas, and their hotspots and frontiers are closely related to the requirements of clinical nursing. Collaborations across regions, provinces, and cities are not adequate; there is an urgent need to strengthen the cross-regional exchanges and collaborations to promote the further development of clinical nursing.

关键词： clinical nursing fund-sponsored papers CiteSpace visualization analysis research hotspot research frontiers

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Role of biochar in raising blue carbon stock capacity of salt marshes

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 19-22页

作者： Yuzhou HUANG xi xiAO Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies of the Ministry of Natural Resources of China Shanghai 201306China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan 316021China Ocean Academy Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-security of Ministry of Water Resources College of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Salt marshes are an important blue carbon ecosystem, with surprisingly fast carbon accumulation rates that are 40 times higher than those of terrestrial forests. In recent decades, salt marshes have suffered great degradation and loss all over the world. The idea to enhance carbon stock in salt marshes(so-called blue carbon) using biochar (so-called black carbon) has recently been proposed. Although experiments and observations remain limited, significant enhancements in soil organic carbon and plant growth have been documented in most case studies. However, due to the limited number of observations and their relatively short time window ranging from months to less than one year, there still exists a knowledge gap regarding the process, mechanism, and effect of biochar in enhancing carbon stock in salt marshes. Future research is urgently needed in the following perspectives:1) exploring the relationship between carbon stock enhancement efficiency and biochar properties, 2) optimizing the physical and chemical properties of biochar to boost its efficiency, and 3)studying the in-situ responses of complex carbon pools to biochar addition, especially under tidal conditions and over a longer period of time.

关键词： soil stock char

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