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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 68-78页

作者： Cheng He Jianglong Ma shen xi Wenxue Zhang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang'an University

Compared to single atom catalysts（SACs）,the introduction of dual atom catalysts（DACs） has a significantly positive effect on improving the efficiency in the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction（NRR） which provides an environmental alternative to the Haber-Bosch ***,the research on the mechanism and strategy of designing bimetallic combinations for better performance is still in its early ***,based on "blocking and rebalance" mechanism,45 combinations of bimetallic pair doped α-phosphorus carbide（TMATMB@PC） are investigated as efficient NRR catalysts through density functional theory and machine learning *** a multi-step screening,the combinations of TiV,TiFe,MnMo,and FeW exhibit highly efficient catalytic performance with significantly lower limiting potentials（-0.17,-0.18,-0.14,and-0.30 V,respectively）.Excitingly,the limiting potential for CrMo and CrW combinations is 0 V,which are considered to be extremely suitable for the NRR *** mechanism of "blocking and rebalance" is revealed by the exploration of charge transfer for phosphorus atoms in electron blocking ***,the descriptor φ is proposed with machine learning,which provides design strategies and accurate prediction for finding efficient *** work not only offers promising catalysts TMATMB@PC for NRR process but also provides design strategies by presenting the descriptor φ.

关键词： 2D α-phosphorus carbide DACs Inherent attributes Machine learning Nitrogen reduction reaction

Heterogeneous MXene-based films with graded electrical conductivity towards highly efficient EMI shielding and electrothermal heating

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7264-7274页

作者： Yu Zhang Guangcheng Zhang Zhonglei Ma Jianbin Qin xi shen Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

The increasing need for electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding of electronics in cold environments such as those in aircraft,space exploration,and wearable heaters to avoid hazardous icing conditions or hypothermia requires the development of thin and lightweight EMI shielding materials preferably by absorbing rather than reflecting electromagnetic(EM)waves while also generating heat through energy-efficient electrothermal ***,it is challenging to achieve absorption-dominant EMI shielding and energy-efficient electrothermal heating simultaneously in a thin and lightweight ***,we develop a heterogeneous composite film comprising a porous multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)/bacterial cellulose(BC)film and an aligned MXene/Ag nanowires(NWs)backing via a sequential vacuum filtration *** porous film contains random conductive networks of MWCNTs with moderate conductivity while the aligned MXene sheets atop Ag NWs network affords high conductivity in the backing,giving rise to graded electrical conductivity for absorption-dominant EMI *** increasing Ag NW coverage leads to significantly increased electrical conductivity without increasing the EM wave reflection as well as the density and thickness of the film,yielding excellent specific EMI shielding effectiveness(>8500 dB/(g·cm^(2))),low driving voltage for energy-efficient electrothermal heating(163℃at 2.5 V),and fast response time(60 s)at a low areal density of 0.015 mg/cm^(2).Combining EMI shielding and electrothermal heating,the heterogeneous film developed here are promising contenders for the protection of electronic equipment in low-temperature environment.

关键词： heterogenous composite film MXene electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding thermal management

Tree‑Inspired Structurally Graded Aerogel with Synergistic Water,Salt,and Thermal Transport for High‑Salinity Solar‑Powered Evaporation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 19-37页

作者： xiaomeng Zhao Heng Zhang Kit‑Ying Chan xinyue Huang Yunfei Yang xi shen Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China

Solar-powered interfacial evaporation is an energy-efficient solution for water *** requires solar absorbers to facilitate upward water transport and limit the heat to the surface for efficient ***,downward salt ion transport is also desired to prevent salt ***,achieving simultaneously fast water uptake,downward salt transport,and heat localization is challenging due to highly coupled water,mass,and thermal ***,we develop a structurally graded aerogel inspired by tree transport systems to collectively optimize water,salt,and thermal *** arched aerogel features root-like,fan-shaped microchannels for rapid water uptake and downward salt diffusion,and horizontally aligned pores near the surface for heat localization through maximizing solar absorption and minimizing conductive heat *** structural characteristics gave rise to consistent evaporation rates of 2.09 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) under one-sun illumination in a 3.5 wt%NaCl solution for 7 days without *** in a high-salinity solution of 20 wt%NaCl,the evaporation rates maintained stable at 1.94 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) for 8 h without salt crystal *** work offers a novel microstructural design to address the complex interplay of water,salt,and thermal transport.

关键词： Composite aerogel Graded structure Solar-powered evaporation Thermal insulation Salt rejection

Acupuncture and moxibustion for irritable bowel syndrome:An umbrella systematic review

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 22-31页

作者： Yue-ying Ma Zhou Hao Zi-yi Chen Yan-xi shen Hui-rong Liu Huan-gan Wu Chun-hui Bao Shanghai Clinical Research Centre for Acupuncture and Moxibustion Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200030China

BackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a functional bowel disease characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort associated with altered bowel *** clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of acupuncture and moxibustion for *** systematic reviews of acupuncture and moxibustion for IBS have been published in recent years,but their results are not entirely *** evaluate the methodological,reporting,and evidence quality of systematic reviews of acupuncture and moxibustion for *** strategySystematic reviews of acupuncture and moxibustion for IBS published before February 20,2023 were searched in eight databases:PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals,and China Biology *** keywords used for literature search were acupuncture,moxibustion,systematic review,meta-analysis,and irritable bowel *** criteriaSystematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of acupuncture and moxibustion for IBS were *** extraction and analysisRelevant information was independently extracted by two *** A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR 2),Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA 2020),and Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)were used to evaluate the methodological quality,reporting quality and evidence quality,*** total of 342 studies were retrieved and 15 systematic reviews were *** results of AMSTAR 2 showed low methodological quality in 2 studies and very low methodological quality in the remaining 13 studies,with main issues being failure to register a protocol,incomplete search strategy,not providing a list of excluded studies,incomplete consideration of the risk of bias in the included studies,and a failure to assess the publication *** results of

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Acupuncture Moxibustion Umbrella systematic review Systematic review

动态视角下的低碳能源转型分析:需求弹性、竞争结构和社会福利

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现代财经（天津财经大学学报） 2024年第2期44卷 69-83页

作者：赵甜沈曦王金良山东科技大学财经学院山东泰安271001 东北大学经济系美国波士顿02115 广东科技学院管理学院广东东莞523083

本文将传统AIDS模型扩展到二阶段情形,利用1980-2020年亚太地区四大粮商的能源消费和经营数据,测算常见能源选项的需求价格弹性,从上游供给结构和下游需求弹性分析能源转型带来的社会福利变化趋势。研究发现:1.需求弹性方面,常见能源选... 详细信息

本文将传统AIDS模型扩展到二阶段情形,利用1980-2020年亚太地区四大粮商的能源消费和经营数据,测算常见能源选项的需求价格弹性,从上游供给结构和下游需求弹性分析能源转型带来的社会福利变化趋势。研究发现:1.需求弹性方面,常见能源选项随着产业周期的变动表现出低-高-低的趋势,随着新能源产业进入成熟期,原先效果显著的价格杠杆逐渐失去作用。2.供给结构方面,传统化石能源表现出相对稳定的集中化供给结构,新能源产业表现出相对集中-高度竞争-再次集中的趋势。3.社会福利方面,传统能源企业由于相对稳定的市场竞争结构,并未产生明显的福利损失,新能源企业的生产者剩余则由于过度竞争被迅速侵蚀。因此,单纯的乐观预期无法持续推动企业的降本行为,政策制定者应从市场机制、交易模式和融资支持等多个维度设计能源转型的长期发展框架。

关键词：能源转型价格弹性福利效应阶段化AIDS模型

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乡村医疗服务体系界面色彩设计方法研究

色彩 2024年第4期 34-36页

作者：沈希北京航空航天大学

近些年中国农村医疗系统在改善获取途径和基础设施方面取得了重大进展,但在地理差异、资源分配和应对健康危机等关键领域仍面临持续改进的挑战。本文主要研究乡村医疗服务体系界面色彩设计的方法,旨在为乡村医疗信息系统提供更加人性化... 详细信息

近些年中国农村医疗系统在改善获取途径和基础设施方面取得了重大进展,但在地理差异、资源分配和应对健康危机等关键领域仍面临持续改进的挑战。本文主要研究乡村医疗服务体系界面色彩设计的方法,旨在为乡村医疗信息系统提供更加人性化、易于使用且具有泛用性的视觉设计方案。研究的成果可增强乡村医疗服务系统的用户体验,也为如何将色彩理论应用于医疗信息系统的界面设计提供了实践指导。

关键词：乡村医疗界面色彩设计色彩语义色彩心理学人工智能

农林类专业学位研究生“双师双能”导师队伍建设研究——基于科技特派员制度的创新实践

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学位与研究生教育 2024年第4期 17-23页

作者：罗黎敏黄坚钦沈希浙江农林大学学科办公室杭州311300 浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院杭州311300 浙江农林大学杭州311300

针对高校普遍存在专业学位研究生校内导师产业实践经验缺乏、校外导师专业指导能力偏弱、校内外双导师制协同指导效益难以有效发挥等问题,浙江农林大学基于科技特派员制度优势和科技下乡、人才下沉、深入“三农”的实践特性,建设农林专... 详细信息

针对高校普遍存在专业学位研究生校内导师产业实践经验缺乏、校外导师专业指导能力偏弱、校内外双导师制协同指导效益难以有效发挥等问题,浙江农林大学基于科技特派员制度优势和科技下乡、人才下沉、深入“三农”的实践特性,建设农林专业学位研究生特派员导师队伍,在解决产业实际问题进程中,提升校内导师实践指导能力与校外导师专业指导能力,并通过机制体制改革创新,激发双师协同指导内生动力,探索出一条符合专业学位研究生培养目标定位的“双师双能”导师队伍建设新路径。

关键词：专业学位研究生导师双师双能科技特派员制度研究生教育

面向未成年人的人工智能技术发展蓝图——面向未成年人的人工智能技术规范研究(四)

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电化教育研究 2024年第4期45卷 39-45页

作者：李玉顺沈希安欣吴永和北京师范大学教育技术学院北京100875 华东师范大学教育信息技术学系上海200062

随着ChatGPT等新型人工智能技术的进一步发展,未成年人成长面临着新的风险与挑战,急需构建面向未成年人的人工智能规范体系。文章从人才发展、AI向善和人机共融视角出发,构建了面向未成年人的人工智能技术规范体系模型:“技术内容规范... 详细信息

随着ChatGPT等新型人工智能技术的进一步发展,未成年人成长面临着新的风险与挑战,急需构建面向未成年人的人工智能规范体系。文章从人才发展、AI向善和人机共融视角出发,构建了面向未成年人的人工智能技术规范体系模型:“技术内容规范”将基础性、时代性和价值性三个维度的知识结合在一起,旨在从核心素养的角度规范学生能接触到的人工智能技术内容;“技术工具规范”围绕可用性、适用性、安全性、价值观对AI学习工具的设计、开发和应用全过程提出规范要求,旨在从应用监管角度保障未成年人的使用体验;“技术伦理规范”基于以人为本、公平公正、安全可控原则,对人工智能技术伦理治理提出要求,旨在从安全伦理角度促进未成年人、社会、自然和人工智能的和谐共处。

关键词：人工智能未成年人技术规范核心素养应用监管安全伦理

Graphene and MXene-based porous structures for multifunctional electromagnetic interference shielding

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1387-1413页

作者： xi shen Jang-Kyo Kim Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong 999077China School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia The Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong 999077China

Electrically conductive porous structures are ideal candidates for lightweight and absorption-dominant electromagnetic interference(EMI)*** this review,we summarize the recent progress in developing porous composites and structures from emerging two-dimensional(2D)graphene and MXene nanosheets for EMI shielding *** properties contributing to various energy loss mechanisms are probed with a critical discussion on their correlations with EMI shielding *** approaches to constructing bulk porous structures,such as 2D porous films,three-dimensional(3D)aerogels and foams,and hydrogels,are compared to highlight important material and processing parameters required to achieve optimal microstructures.A comprehensive comparison of EMI shielding performance is also carried out to elucidate the effects of different assembly techniques and *** multifunctional applications in adaptive EMI shielding,mechanical force attenuation,thermal management,and wearable devices are introduced,underlining the importance of unique compositions and microstructures of porous *** process–structure–property relationships established in this review would offer valuable guidance and insights into the design of lightweight EMI shielding materials.

关键词： porous composite graphene MXene electrical conductivity electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding

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生态思维范式下的幼儿园种植活动

幼儿教育 2024年第3期 9-13页

作者：沈茜虞永平苏州高新区实验幼儿园江苏苏州215011 南京师范大学教育科学学院江苏南京210097

幼儿园种植园地是一个生态系统,植物、动物、土壤、天气、参与活动的教师及儿童都是这个生态系统的组成要素。幼儿园种植活动的开展就是幼儿与种植园地生态系统相互影响、相互作用的过程。生态思维范式下的种植活动强调作为活动主体的... 详细信息

幼儿园种植园地是一个生态系统,植物、动物、土壤、天气、参与活动的教师及儿童都是这个生态系统的组成要素。幼儿园种植活动的开展就是幼儿与种植园地生态系统相互影响、相互作用的过程。生态思维范式下的种植活动强调作为活动主体的幼儿与生态系统各要素之间的关系,具有整体性、可持续性、包容性与参与性的特点。本研究讨论了相应的种植活动内容和组织策略。

关键词：生态思维种植活动幼儿园