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Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core-related antigen kinetics after adding pegylated-interferon to nucleos(t)ids analogues in hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 1076-1088页

作者： Teresa Broquetas Montserrat Garcia-Retortillo Miquel Mico Lidia Canillas Marc Puigvehi Nuria Canete Susana Coll Ana Viu Juan Jose Hernandez xavier Bessa JoseA Carrion Department of Gastroenterology Liver SectionHospital del Mar Medical Research InstituteBarcelona 08003Spain Departament of de Medicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08003Spain Laboratori de Referencia de Catalunya El Prat de LlobregatBarcelona 08820Spain

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients under nucleos(t)ids analogues(NAs)rarely achieve hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)*** To evaluate if the addition of pegylated interferon(Peg-IFN)could decrease HBsAg and hepatitis B core-related antigen(HBcrAg)levels and increase HBsAg loss rate in patients under NAs *** Prospective,non-randomized,open-label trial evaluating the combination of Peg-IFN 180μg/week plus NAs during forty-eight weeks vs NAs in *** B e antigen-negative non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B patients of a tertiary hospital,under NAs therapy for at least 2 years and with undetectable viral load,were *** with hepatitis C virus,hepatitis D virus or human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and liver transplanted patients were *** and HBcrAg levels(log10 U/mL)were measured at baseline and during ninety-six *** loss rate was evaluated in both *** events were recorded in both *** kinetic of HBsAg for each treatment group was evaluated from baseline to weeks 24 and 48 by the slope of the HBsAg decline(log10 IU/mL/week)using a linear regression *** Sixty-five patients were enrolled,61%receiving tenofovir and 33%***-six(55%)were included in Peg-IFN-NA group and 29(44%)in NA *** matching by age and treatment duration,baseline HBsAg levels were comparable between groups(3.1 vs 3.2)(P=0.25).HBsAg levels at weeks 24,48 and 96 declined in Peg-IFN-NA group(-0.26,-0.40 and-0.44)and remained stable in NA group(-0.10,-0.10 and-0.10)(Pe slope of HBsAg decline in Peg-IFN-NA group(-0.02)was higher than in NA group(-0.00)(P=0.015).HBcrAg levels did not ***(22%)patients discontinued Peg-IFN due to adverse *** HBsAg loss was achieved in 3(8.3%)patients of the Peg-IFN-NA group and 0(0%)of the NA *** The addition of Peg-IFN to NAs caused a greater and faster decrease of HBsAg levels compared to N

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B e antigen-negative Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B core-related antigen Pegylated-interferon Nucleos(t)ids analogues©The Author(s)2020.Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.All rights reserved

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Multi-Objective Optimization of the Safe Operation of the electrical Distribution System by Placing D-FACTS and Network Reconfiguration

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Journal of Power and energy engineering 2019年第9期7卷 94-113页

作者： Arouna Oloulade Adolphe Moukengue Imano xavier Fifatin Antoine Vianou Herman Tamadaho Ramanou Badarou Laboratoire d’electrotechnique de Télécommunications et d’Informatique Appliquée (LETIA) University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

The distribution networks of agglomerated areas of the developing countries are generally the seat of overloads, voltage drops, and untimely interruptions of the power supply. This paper consisted of optimizing the grid topology and placement of a DSTATCOM in a SBee real distribution network in order to improve its technical performance. The modified ant colony algorithms solved this difficult combinatorial problem, which integrated among the criteria, the minimization of the losses and the deviation of the node voltages under operational constraints about distribution networks operation. According to the results obtained, the optimization of the topology of a distribution network and the placement of DSTATCOM contributed qualitatively to improve the losses, voltage and stability plans of the Togba distribution network. Actually, the hybridization of optimization means such as the placement of DSTATCOM and the reconfiguration of the networks applied to the Togba HVA network made the power of DSTATCOM optimization possible by almost 50.71% and reduce losses to 83.57%. The implementations of those algorithms are very efficient and effective, and can be implemented to help distribution system operators, developing countries and in particular, the operators of the Beninese electric Power Company to perform their electrical network.

关键词： Reconfiguration Ant Colony electrical Stability Radial Distribution Network

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Towards Post-Quantum Cryptography Using Thermal Noise Theory and True Random Numbers Generation

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Journal of Information Security 2020年第3期11卷 149-160页

作者： Protais Ndagijimana Fulgence Nahayo Marc Kokou Assogba Adoté François-xavier Ametepe Juma Shabani Doctoral School and Faculty of Science University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi LURMISTA-ISTA University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Laboratoire d’electrotechnique de Télécommunications et d’Informatique Appliquée LETIA Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi EPAC Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences physiques IMSP Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

The advent of quantum computers and algorithms challenges the semantic security of symmetric and asymmetric cryptosystems. Thus, the implementation of new cryptographic primitives is essential. They must follow the breakthroughs and properties of quantum calculators which make vulnerable existing cryptosystems. In this paper, we propose a random number generation model based on evaluation of the thermal noise power of the volume elements of an electronic system with a volume of 58.83 cm3. We prove through the sampling of the temperature of each volume element that it is difficult for an attacker to carry out an exploit. In 12 seconds, we generate for 7 volume elements, a stream of randomly generated keys of 187 digits that will be transmitted from source to destination through the properties of quantum cryptography.

关键词： Thermal Noise True Random Numbers Algorithm Post-Quantum Cryptography

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Review of the el Soplao Amber Outcrop,early Cretaceous of Cantabria,Spain

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Acta Geologica Sinica(english edition) 2010年第4期84卷 959-976页

作者： María NAJARRO enrique PeNALVeR Ricardo PeReZ-De LA FUeNTe Jaime ORTeGA-BLANCO Cesar MeNOR-SALVAN eduardo BARRON Carmen SORIANO Idoia ROSALeS Rafael LOPeZ DeL VALLe Francisco VeLASCO Fernando TORNOS Véronique DAVIeRO-GOMeZ Bernard GOMeZ xavier DeLCLOS Instituto Geologico y Minero de espana E-28003MadridSpain Departament d'estratigrafia Paleontologia i Geociencies MarinesFacultat de GeologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaE-08071BarcelonaSpain Centro de Astrobiologia(CSIC-INTA) E-28850Torrejon de ArdozSpain european Synchrotron Radiation Facilities F-38000 GrenobleFrance/Geosciences Rennes-Universite de Rennes 1F-35042 RennesFrance el Soplao S.L. Prao El CollaoE-39553CantabriaSpain Universidad del Pais Vasco Dpto.Mineralogia y PetrologiaE-48080 BilbaoSpain CNRS-UMR 5125 PePS Universite Lyon 1GeodeF-69622 VilleurbanneFrance

el Soplao outcrop, an early Cretaceous amber deposit recently discovered in northern Spain （Cantabria）, has been shown to be the largest site of amber with arthropod inclusions that has been found in Spain so far. Relevant data provided herein for biogeochemistry of the amber, palynology, taphonomy and arthropod bioinclusions complement those previously published. This set of data suggests at least two botanical sources for the amber of el Soplao deposit. The first （type A amber） strongly supports a source related to Cheirolepidiaceae, and the second （type B amber） shows non-specific conifer biomarkers. Comparison of molecular composition of type A amber with Frenelopsis leaves （Cheirolepidiaceae） strongly suggests a biochemical affinity and a common botanical origin. A preliminary palynological study indicates a regional high taxonomical diversity, mainly of pteridophyte spores and gymnosperm pollen grains. According to the preliminary palynological data, the region was inhabited by conifer forests adapted to a dry season under a subtropical climate. The abundant charcoalified wood associated with the amber in the same beds is evidence of paleofires that most likely promoted both the resin production and an intensive erosion of the litter, and subsequent great accumulation of amber plus plant cuticles. In addition, for the first time in the fossil record, charcoalified plant fibers as bioinclnsions in amber are reported. Other relevant taphonomic data are the exceptional presence of serpulids and bryozoans on the surfaces of some amber pieces indicating both a long exposure on marine or brackish-water and a mixed assemblage of amber. Lastly, new findings of insect bioiuclusions, some of them uncommon in the fossil record or showing remarkable adaptations, are reported. In conclusion, a documented scenario for the origin of the el Soplao amber outcrop is provided.

关键词： fossil resin chemotaxonomy paleobotany charcoal arthropod bioinclusions taphonomy earlyAlbian

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Analyzing the genomic and transcriptomic architecture of milk traits in Murciano-Granadina goats

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 649-666页

作者： Dailu Guan Vincenzo Landi María Gracia Luigi-Sierra Juan Vicente Delgado xavier Such Anna Castelló Betlem Cabrera emilio Mármol-Sánchez Javier Fernández-Alvarez JoséLuis Ruiz de la Torre Casañas Amparo Martínez Jordi Jordana Marcel Amills Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Departamento de Genética Universidad de Córdoba14071 CórdobaSpain Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments Facultat de VeterinàriaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caprino de Raza Murciano-Granadina(CAPRIGRAN) 18340 GranadaSpain Servei de Granges i Camps experimentals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain

Background:In this study,we aimed to investigate the molecular basis of lactation as well as to identify the genetic factors that influence milk yield and composition in *** achieve these two goals,we have analyzed how the mRNA profile of the mammary gland changes in seven Murciano-Granadina goats at each of three different time points,i.e.78 d(T1,early lactation),216 d(T2,late lactation)and 285 d(T3,dry period)after ***,we have performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS)for seven dairy traits recorded in the 1st lactation of 822 Murciano-Granadina ***:The expression profiles of the mammary gland in the early(T1)and late(T2)lactation were quite similar(42 differentially expressed genes),while strong transcriptomic differences(more than one thousand differentially expressed genes)were observed between the lactating(T1/T2)and non-lactating(T3)mammary glands.A large number of differentially expressed genes were involved in pathways related with the biosynthesis of amino acids,cholesterol,triglycerides and steroids as well as with glycerophospholipid metabolism,adipocytokine signaling,lipid binding,regulation of ion transmembrane transport,calcium ion binding,metalloendopeptidase activity and complement and coagulation *** regard to the second goal of the study,the performance of the GWAS allowed us to detect 24 quantitative trait loci(QTLs),including three genome-wide significant associations:QTL1(chromosome 2,130.72-131.01 Mb)for lactose percentage,QTL6(chromosome 6,78.90-93.48 Mb)for protein percentage and QTL17(chromosome 17,11.20 Mb)for both protein and dry matter ***,QTL6 shows positional coincidence with the casein genes,which encode 80%of milk ***:The abrogation of lactation involves dramatic changes in the expression of genes participating in a broad array of physiological processes such as protein,lipid and carbohydrate metabolism,calcium homeostasis,cell death and tissue remo

关键词： Casein genes Dairy traits GWAS Lactation QTLs RNA-Seq

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Statistical analyses for NANOGrav 5-year timing residuals

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第2期17卷 63-76页

作者： Yan Wang James M. Cordes Fredrick A. Jenet Shami Chatterjee Paul B. Demorest Timothy Dolch Justin A. ellis Michael T. Lam Dustin R. Madison Maura A. McLaughlin Delphine Perrodin Joanna Rankin xavier Siemens Michele Vallisneri MOe Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurements School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Center for Advanced Radio Astronomy University of Texas at Brownsville 1 West University Boulevard Brownsville TX 78520 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at Brownsville 1 West University Boulevard Brownsville TX 78520 USA Department of Astronomy Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Road Charlottesville VA 22903 USA Department of Physics Hillsdale College 33 E. College Street Hillsdale M149242 USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena CA 91106 USA Department of Physics West Virginia University EO. Box 6315 Morgantown WV 26505 USA INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari Via della Scienza 5 09047 Selargius (CA) Italy Department of Physics University of Vermont Burlington VT 05405 USA Center for Gravitation Cosmology and Astrophysics Department of Physics University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee P.O. Box 413 Milwaukee WI 53201 USA

In pulsar timing, timing residuals are the differences between the observed times of arrival and predictions from the timing model. A comprehensive timing model will produce featureless resid- uals, which are presumably composed of dominating noise and weak physical effects excluded from the timing model （e.g. gravitational waves）. In order to apply optimal statistical methods for detecting weak gravitational wave signals, we need to know the statistical properties of noise components in the residuals. In this paper we utilize a variety of non-parametric statistical tests to analyze the whiteness and Gaussianity of the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves （NANOGrav） 5- year timing data, which are obtained from Arecibo Observatory and Green Bank Telescope from 2005 to 2010. We find that most of the data are consistent with white noise; many data deviate from Gaussianity at different levels, nevertheless, removing outliers in some pulsars will mitigate the deviations.

关键词： pulsar timing array general -- statistical tests

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How can the neutrino interact with the electromagnetic field？

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Chinese Physics C 2018年第1期42卷 23-31页

作者： M.Novello C.e.L.Ducap Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CeAC/CBPF) Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150 CEP 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Maxwell electrodynamics in the fixed Minkowski space-time background can be described in an equivalent way in a curved Riemannian geometry that depends on the electromagnetic field and that we call the electromagnetic metric（e-metric for short）. After showing such geometric equivalence we investigate the possibility that new processes dependent on the e-metric are allowed. In particular, for very high values of the field, a direct coupling of uncharged particles to the electromagnetic field may appear.

关键词： neutrino electromagnetic field effective metric

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Odd couple: The unexpected partnership of glucocorticoid hormones and cysteinyl-leukotrienes in the extrinsic regulation of murine bone-marrow eosinopoiesis

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World Journal of experimental Medicine 2017年第1期7卷 11-24页

作者： Pedro xavier-elsas Daniela Masid-de-Brito Bruno Marques Vieira Maria Ignez C Gaspar-elsas Department Immu-nology Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de GóesUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Department Pediatrics Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulherda Crian?a e do Adolescente Fernandes FigueiraFIOCRUZ

Granulopoiesis in murine bone-marrow is regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors(including hormones, drugs, inflammatory mediators and cytokines). eosinophils, a minor subpopulation of circulating leukocytes, which remains better understood in its contributions to tissue injury in allergic disease than in its presumably beneficial actions in host defense, provide a striking example of joint regulation of granulopoiesis within murine bone-marrow by all of these classes of extrinsic factors. We first described the upregulation of eosinopoiesis in bone-marrow of allergen-sensitized mice following airway allergen challenge. Over the last decade, we were able to show a critical role for endogenous glucocorticoid hormones and cytokines in mediating this phenomenon through modification of cytokine effects, thereby supporting a positive association between stress hormones and allergic reactions. We have further shown that cysteinylleukotrienes(Cys LT), a major proinflammatory class of lipid mediators, generated through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway, upregulate bone-marrow eosinopoiesis in vivo and in vitro. Cys LT mediate the positive effects of drugs(indomethacin and aspirin) and of proallergic cytokines(eotaxin/CCL11 and interleukin-13) on in vitro eosinopoiesis. While these actions of endogenous GC and Cys LT might seem unrelated and even antagonistic, we demonstrated a critical partnership of these mediators in vivo, shedding light on mechanisms linking stress to allergy: GC are required for Cys LT-mediated upregulation of bone-marrow eosinopoiesis in vivo, but also attenuate subsequent ex vivo responses to Cys LT. GC and Cys LT therefore work together to induce eosinophilia, but through subtle regulatory mechanisms also limit the magnitude of subsequent bone-marrow responses to allergen.

关键词： Bone marrow Leukotriene eosinophil Stress Glucocorticoid

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Passively Q-switched femtosecond-laser-written thulium waveguide laser based on evanescent field interaction with carbon nanotubes

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Photonics Research 2018年第10期6卷 971-980页

作者： eSROM KIFLe PAVeL LOIKO JAVIeR RODRíGUeZ VáZQUeZ De ALDANA CAROLINA ROMeRO AIRáN RóDeNAS SUN YUNG CHOI JI eUN BAe FABIAN ROTeRMUND VIKTOR ZAKHAROV ANDReY VeNIAMINOV MAGDALeNA AGUILó FRANCeSC DíAZ UWe GRIeBNeR VALeNTIN PeTROV xavier MATeOS Universitat Rovira i Virgili Departament Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica Fisica i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA)-EMaS Campus Sescelades E-43007 Tarragona Spain ITMO University 49 Kronverkskiy pr. 197101 St. Petersburg Russia Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica University of Salamanca 37008 Salamanca Spain Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFN-CNR) Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy Department of Physics KAIST 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu 34141 Daejeon South Korea Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy Max-Bom-Str. 2a D-12489 Berlin Germany

Surface channel waveguides(WGs) were fabricated in a monoclinic Tm^(3+):KLu(WO_4)_2 crystal by femtosecond direct laser writing(fs-DLW). The WGs consisted of a half-ring cladding with diameters of 50 and 60 μm located just beneath the crystal surface. They were characterized by confocal laser microscopy and μ-Raman spectroscopy,indicating a reduced crystallinity and stress-induced birefringence of the WG cladding. In continuous-wave(CW)mode, under Ti:sapphire laser pumping at 802 nm, the maximum output power reached 171.1 mW at 1847.4 nm,corresponding to a slope efficiency η of 37.8% for the 60 μm diameter WG. The WG propagation loss was0.7 0.3 d B∕cm. The top surface of the WGs was spin-coated by a polymethyl methacrylate film containing randomly oriented(spaghetti-like) arc-discharge single-walled carbon nanotubes serving as a saturable absorber based on evanescent field coupling. Stable passively Q-switched(PQS) operation was achieved. The PQS60 μm diameter WG laser generated a record output power of 150 m W at 1846.8 nm with η = 34.6%. The conversion efficiency with respect to the CW mode was 87.6%. The best pulse characteristics(energy/duration)were 105.6 nJ/98 ns at a repetition rate of 1.42 MHz.

关键词：激光技术波导技术发展现状通讯技术

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Structured laser beams: toward 2-μm femtosecond laser vortices

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Photonics Research 2021年第7期9卷 357-363页

作者： Yongguang Zhao Li Wang Weidong Chen Pavel Loiko xavier Mateos Xiaodong Xu Ying Liu Deyuan Shen Zhengping Wang Xinguang Xu Uwe Griebner Valentin Petrov Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices School of Physics and Electronic EngineeringJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse SpectroscofDy 12489 BerlinGermany Centre de Recherche sur les Ions les Materiaux et la Photonique(CIMAP)UMR 6252 CEA-CNRS-ENSICAENUniversite de CaenCaen 14050France Universitat Rovira i Virgin(URV) Fisica i Cristal lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials(FiCMA-FiCNA)Marcel.li Domingo 143007 TarragonaSpain State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

Structured ultrashort-pulse laser beams, and in particular eigenmodes of the paraxial Helmholtz equation, are currently extensively studied for novel potential applications in various fields, e.g., laser plasma acceleration,attosecond science, and fine micromachining. To extend these prospects further, in the present work we push forward the advancement of such femtosecond structured laser sources into the 2-μm spectral region. Ultrashortpulse Hermite– and Laguerre–Gaussian laser modes both with a pulse duration around 100 fs are successfully produced from a compact solid-state laser in combination with a simple single-cylindrical-lens converter. The negligible beam astigmatism, the broad optical spectra, and the almost chirp-free pulses emphasize the high reliability of this laser source. This work, as a proof of principle study, paves the way toward few-cycle pulse generation of optical vortices at 2 μm. The presented light source can enable new research in the fields of interaction with organic materials, next generation optical detection, and optical vortex infrared supercontinuum.

关键词： laser cylindrical acceleration

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