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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第5期122卷 599-600页

作者： xue fu-shan yang quan-yong xu ya-chao liao xu Department of Anesthesiology Plastic Surgery Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100144 China

To the Editor： Management of a difficult airway remains one of the major challenges to the anesthetists in clinical ***-guided nasal intubation has been shown to be a useful technique in the patients with known difficult *** the preformed nasotracheal tubes （PNTs） are commonly selected for nasal intubation in the patients undergoing head and neck surgery because they are easy to secure,

关键词： TRACHEAL INTUBATION ANESTHESIA

Median effective dose of remifentanil for awake laryngoscopy and intubation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第13期122卷 1507-1512页

作者： xu ya-chao xue fu-shan LUO Mao-ping yang quan-yong liao xu LIU Yi ZHANG yan-ming Department of Anesthesiology Plastic Surgery Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100144 China

Background Awake intubation requires an anesthetic management that provides sufficient patient safety and comfort, adequate intubating conditions, and stable hemodynamics. In this prospective clinical study, our aim was to determine the median effective dose （ED50） of remifentanil in combination with midazolam and airway topical anesthesia for awake laryngoscopy and intubation. Methods Thirty-six female adult patients, scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general anesthesia requiring orotracheal intubation were included in this study. Ten minutes after intravenous administration of midazolam 0.1 mg/kg, patients were assigned to receive remifentanil in bolus, followed by a continuous infusion. The bolus dose and infusion rate of remifentanil were adjusted by a modified Dixon＇s up-and-down method. Patient＇s reaction score at laryngoscopy and an Observer＇s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale （OAA/S） were used to determine whether the remifentanil dosage regimen was accepted. During laryngoscopy, 2% lidocaine was sprayed into the airway to provide the topical anesthesia. ED50 of remifentanil was calculated by the modified Dixon up-and-down method, and the probit analysis was then used to confirm the results obtained from the modified Dixon＇s up-and-down method. In the patients who were scored as ＂accept＂, patient＇s OAA/S and reactJon scores at dJfferent observed points, JntubatJng conditJon score and patient＇s tolerance to the endotracheal tube after intubation were evaluated and recorded. Blood pressure and heart rate at different measuring points were also noted. Results ED50 of remifentanil for awake laryngoscopy and intubation obtained by the modified Dixon＇s up-and-down method was （0.62±0.02） μg/kg. Using probit analysis, ED50 and ED95 of remifentanil were 0.63 μg/kg （95% CI, 0.54-0.70） and 0.83 μg/kg （95% CI, 0.73-2.59）, respectively. Nineteen patients who were scored as ＂accept＂ had an OAA/S of 〉15 and tolerated well laryngoscopy without significant di

关键词： laryngoscopy awake intubation remifentanil median effective dose sedation and analgesia

Clinical assessment of awake endotracheal intubation using the lightwand technique alone in patients with difficult airways

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第4期122卷 408-415页

作者： xue fu-shan HE Nong liao xu xu Xiu-Zheng xu ya-chao yang quan-yong LUO Mao-ping ZHANG yan-ming Department of Anesthesiology Plastic Surgery Hospital ChineseAcademy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100144 China Department of Anesthesiology Peking University ShougangHospital Beijing 100144 China

Background There is few study to determine whether the use of the lightwand technique alone could achieve effective, safe and successful awake endotracheal intubation （ETI）, therefore we designed a prospective clinical study to systematically evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of awake ETI using the lightwand alone in patients with difficult airways. Methods Seventy adult patients with difficult airways were enrolled in this study. After the desired sedation with fentanyl and midazolam, airway topical anesthesia was performed with 9 ml of 2% lidocaine, which were in order sprayed in three aliquots at 5 minutes intervals into the supraglottic （two doses） and laryngotracheal areas （one dose） using a combined unit of the lightwand and MADgic atomizer. After airway topical anesthesia, awake ETI was performed using a Lightwand. Subjective assessments by patients and operators using the visual analogue scores （VAS）, and objective assessments by an independent investigator using patients＇ tolerance and reaction scores, coughing severity, intubating conditions and cardiovascular variables were taken as the observed parameters. Results Of 210 airway sprays, 197 （93.8%） were successfully completed on the first attempt. The total time for airway spray was （14.6±1.5） minutes. During airway topical anesthesia, the average patients＇ tolerance scores were 1.7-2.3. After airway topical anesthesia, the mean VAS for discomfort levels that the patients reported was 6.5. Also airway topical anesthesia procedure was rated as acceptable and no discomfort by 94.3% of patients. The lightwand-guided awake ETI was successfully completed on first attempt within 29 seconds in all patients. During awake ETI, patients＇ reaction and coughing scores were 1.9 and 1.6, respectively. All patients exhibited excellent or acceptable intubating conditions. Cardiovascular monitoring revealed that changes of systolic blood pressure and heart rate at each stage of airway manipulations were le

关键词： difficult airways airway topical anesthesia awake endotracheal intubation lightwand technique

Circulatory responses to nasotracheal intubation： comparison of GlideScope videolaryngoscope and Macintosh direct laryngoscope

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第14期121卷 1290-1296页

作者： xue fu-shan LI xuan-ying LIU Qian-jin LIU He-ping yang quan-yong xu ya-chao liao xu LIU Yi Department of Anesthesiology Plastic Surgery Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100144 China Department of Anesthesiology Washington University School of Medicine 660 S. Euclid Ave St. Louis MO USA Xinxiang Medical College Xinxiang Henan 453003 China

Background The GlideScope videolaryngoscope （GSVL） has been shown to have no special advantage over the Macintosh direct laryngoscope （MDL） in attenuating the circulatory responses to orotracheal intubation, but no study has compared the circulatory responses to nasotracheal intubation （NTI） using the two devices. This prospective randomized clinical study was designed to determine whether there was a clinically relevant difference between the circulatory responses to NTI with the GSVL and the MDL. Methods Seventy-six adult patients were randomly allocated equally to the GSVL group and the MDL group. After induction of anesthesia, NTI was performed. Non-invasive blood pressure （BP） and heart rate （HR） were recorded before induction （baseline values） and immediately before intubation （post-induction values）, at intubation and every minute for a further five minutes. During the observation, times required to reach the maximum values of systolic BP （SBP） and HR, times required for recovery of SBP and HR to postinduction values and incidence of SBP and HR percent changes 〉 30% of baseline values were also noted. The product of HR and systolic BP, i.e. rate pressure product （RPP）, and the areas under SBP and HR vs. time curves （AUGsBP and AUGHR） were calculated. Results The NTI with the GSVL resulted in significant increases in BP, HR and RPP compared to postinduction values, but these circulatory changes did not exceed baseline values. BPs at all measuring points, AUGSBP, maximum values of BP and incidence of SBP percent increase 〉 30% of baseline value during the observation did not differ significantly between groups. However, HR and RPP at intubation and their maximum values, AUGHR and incidence of HR percent increase 〉 30% of baseline value were significantly higher in the MDL group than in the GSVL group. Times required for recovery of SBP and HR to postinduction values were significantly longer in the MDL group than in the GSVL group. Conclusions The presso

关键词： GlideScope videolaryngoscope Macintosh direct laryngoscope nasotracheal intubation circulatory responses airway management

Comparison of bolus remifentanil versus bolus fentanyl for blunting cardiovascular intubation responses in children： a randomized, double-blind study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第1期122卷 44-50页

作者： yang quan-yong xue fu-shan liao xu LIU He-ping LUO Mao-ping xu ya-chao LIU Yi ZHANG yan-ming Department of Anesthesiology Plastic Surgery Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100144 China Department of Anesthesiology Xinxiang Medical College Xinxiang Henan 453003 China

Background The authors found no study to compare the efficacy of bolus dose fentanyl and remifentanil blunting the cardiovascular intubation response in children, so they designed this randomized, double-blind clinical study to assess the effects of remifentanil 2 μg/kg and fentanyl 2 μg/kg by bolus injection on the cardiovascular intubation response in healthy children.Methods One hundred and two children, the American Society of Anesthesiologists （ASA） physical status 1-2 and scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into one of two groups to receive the following treatments in a double blind manner： remifentanil 2μg/kg （Group R） and fentanyl 2 μg/kg （Group F） when anesthesia was induced with propofol and vecuronium. The orotracheal intubation was performed using a direct laryngoscope. Blood pressure （BP） and heart rate （HR） were recorded before anesthesia induction （baseline values）, immediately before intubation, at intubation and every minute for 5 minutes after intubation. The percent changes of systolic blood pressure （SBP） and HR relative to baseline values and the rate pressure product （RPP） at every observing point were calculated. The incidences of SBP and HR percent changes 〉30% of baseline values and RPP 〉22 000 during the observation were recorded.Results There were no significant differences between groups in the demographic data, baseline values of BP and HR and the intubation time. As compared to baseline values, BP, HR and RPP at intubation and their maximum values during observation increased significantly in Group F, but they all decreased significantly in Group R. BP, HR and RPP at all observed points, and their maximum values during the observation, were significantly different between groups. There were also significant differences between groups in the percent change of SBP and HR relative to baseline values at all observed points and their maximum percent changes during the observation. The in

关键词： remifentanil fentanyl general anesthesia tracheal intubation cardiovascular responses children

Clinical experience of airway management and tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in patients with scar contracture of the neck

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第11期121卷 989-997页

作者： xue fu-shan liao xu LI Cheng-wen xu ya-chao yang quan-yong LIU Yi LIU Jian-hua LUO Mao-ping ZHANG yan-ming Department of Anesthesiology Plastic Surgery Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing i00041 China

Background Because patients with scar contracture of the neck are at a high risk of loss of the airway control after anesthesia induction, awake intubation is usually recommended. This retrospective clinical study was designed to evaluate the possibility, safety and efficacy of airway management and tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in such patients. Methods This retrospective study included 1683 patients from January 1994 to December 2006 with scar contracture of the neck, aged 1.5--67.0 years, who were scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general anesthesia in Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. Based on the results of the preoperative airway assessment, the patients were classified into group 1 （including 1375 patients with the atlanto-occipital extension of 〉20° and the Mallampatti＇s grade I or II） and group 2 （containing 308 patients with the atlanto-occipital extension of 〈20° and the Mallampatti＇s grade III or IV. In group 1, the intravenous induction and maintenance of anesthesia and succinylcholine for muscle relaxation were used. The intubation was done using a modified Macintosh technique. In group 2, the total intravenous anesthesia （TIVA） or the sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia was chosen and the spontaneous breathing was reserved during anesthesia. The intubation was performed by a fiberoptic stylet laryngoscope （FOSL）. The number of intubation attempts, intubation time and relative complications were observed and recorded in all patients. Results In group 1, the intubation was accomplished during the first attempt in 1279 cases （93%） and the intubation time was 〈3 minutes in 1304 cases （95%）. In group 2, the intubation was completed by the first attempt in 114 patients （37%） and 123 patients had an intubation time of 〈3 minutes （40%）. Tracheal intubation was successful by the second or third attempt in 96 patients in group 1 and 156 patients in group 2. Thirty-eight pa

关键词： scar contracture of the neck limitation of head extension difficult intubation airway management general anesthesia

瑞芬太尼抑制患者清醒气管插管反应的半数有效剂量

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中华麻醉学杂志 2008年第10期28卷 873-876页

作者：许亚超薛富善杨泉涌廖旭刘建华中国医学科学院北京协和医学院整形外科医院麻醉科北京市100041

目的确定咪达唑仑镇静下瑞芬太尼抑制患者清醒气管插管反应的半数有效剂量（ED50）。方法择期全麻下行整形外科手术的成年女性患者36例，ASAⅠ级，采用改良Dixon序贯法进行试验，静脉输注咪达唑仑0．1mg／kg 10 min后，第1例快速静脉输... 详细信息

目的确定咪达唑仑镇静下瑞芬太尼抑制患者清醒气管插管反应的半数有效剂量（ED50）。方法择期全麻下行整形外科手术的成年女性患者36例，ASAⅠ级，采用改良Dixon序贯法进行试验，静脉输注咪达唑仑0．1mg／kg 10 min后，第1例快速静脉输注瑞芬太尼1μg／kg后以0．1μg·min^-1·kg^-1静脉输注，若未发生气管插管反应，则下一例瑞芬太尼降低0．1μg／kg，速率降低0．01μg·min^-1·kg^-1，直至第n例发生气管插管反应。将第n例和第n-1例剂量的平均值作为初始剂量，以0．05μg/kg和0．005μg·min^-1·kg^-1。为梯度进行调整。根据对直接喉镜显露声门及气管插管操作的反应及镇静评分评价是否发生气管插管反应。采用改良Dixon序贯法计算瑞芬太尼抑制清醒气管插管反应的ED50，并采用logistic回归模型进行概率单位转换分析ED50及其95％可信区间。结果采用改良Dixon序贯法计算瑞芬太尼抑制清醒气管插管反应的ED50为0．62μg／kg，概率单位转换法计算的ED50及其95％可信区间分别为0．63（0．54—0．70）μg／kg。未发生气管插管反应的19例患者中，有18例对气管插管耐受良好，并可对言语指令作出正确反应。术后随访患者对气管插管操作均无不良记忆。结论咪达唑仑0．1mg／kg镇静下，快速静脉输注瑞芬太尼0．62μg／kg后以0．062μg·min^-1·kg^-1静脉输注可为50％的患者提供较好的清醒气管插管条件，且无气管插管反应发生。

关键词：哌啶类咪达唑仑插管法,气管内

2015—2021年CHINET临床分离变形杆菌属、摩根菌属和普罗威登菌属细菌耐药性变迁

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中国感染与化疗杂志 2024年第4期24卷 410-417页

作者：许云敏董小雪单斌杨洋胡付品朱德妹徐英春张小江季萍张峰波谢轶康梅王传清付盼徐元宏黄颖孙自镛陈中举倪语星孙景勇褚云卓田素飞胡志东李金俞云松林洁郭素芳魏莲花邹凤梅张泓王春胡云建艾效曼卓超苏丹虹郭大文赵金英喻华黄湘宁刘文恩李艳明金炎邵春红徐雪松鄢超王山梅楚亚菲张利侠马娟周树平周艳朱镭孟晋华董芳郑红艳胡芳芳沈瀚周万青贾伟李刚吴劲松卢月梅李继红段金菊康建邦马晓波郑燕萍郭如意朱焱陈运生孟青王世富胡雪飞沈继录黄文辉汪瑞忠房华俞碧霞赵勇龚萍温开镇张贻荣刘江山廖龙凤顾洪芹姜琳贺雯薛顺虹冯佼岳春雷昆明医科大学第一附属医院检验科昆明650032 复旦大学附属华山医院抗生素研究所北京协和医院新疆医科大学第一附属医院四川大学华西医院复旦大学附属儿科医院安徽医科大学第一附属医院华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院中国医科大学附属第一医院天津医科大学总医院浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院内蒙古医科大学附属医院甘肃省人民医院上海交通大学医学院附属儿童医院北京医院广州医科大学附属第一医院哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院四川省人民医院中南大学湘雅医院山东省立医院吉林大学中日联谊医院河南省人民医院陕西省人民医院江西省儿童医院山西省儿童医院首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院贵州省人民医院南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院宁夏医科大学总医院深圳市人民医院河北医科大学第二医院山西医科大学第二医院厦门大学附属第一医院福建省泉州市第一医院深圳市儿童医院山东大学齐鲁儿童医院南昌大学第一附属医院安徽医科大学第四附属医院青海省青海大学附属医院上海市浦东新区人民医院浙江省宁波市镇海龙赛医院湖北省秭归县人民医院福建省晋江市医院甘肃省金昌市中西医结合医院江西省赣县区人民医院山东省广饶县人民医院河南省辉县市人民医院辽宁省营口市经济技术开发区中心医院青海省互助县人民医院四川省邻水县人民医院吉林省九台区人民医院

目的了解2015年1月1日—2021年12月31日CHINET耐药监测网变形杆菌属、摩根菌属和普罗威登菌属细菌分布及耐药性变化。方法按CHINET统一方案进行药物敏感性试验。按CLSI M10031st 2021年版折点标准判断结果。结果7年间共监测收集到肠杆... 详细信息

目的了解2015年1月1日—2021年12月31日CHINET耐药监测网变形杆菌属、摩根菌属和普罗威登菌属细菌分布及耐药性变化。方法按CHINET统一方案进行药物敏感性试验。按CLSI M10031st 2021年版折点标准判断结果。结果7年间共监测收集到肠杆菌目摩根菌科细菌32433株,其中变形杆菌属24160株,摩根菌属6704株,普罗威登菌属1569株,细菌数量呈增长趋势。标本分布前三位依次为尿液、下呼吸道和伤口分泌物。三种菌属细菌对阿米卡星、美罗培南、头孢西丁、头孢吡肟、头孢哌酮-舒巴坦和哌拉西林-他唑巴坦的耐药率均较低,其中变形杆菌属和摩根菌属对受测试抗菌药物的耐药率大多<10%,普罗威登菌属的耐药率大多<20%。变形杆菌属、摩根菌属和普罗威登菌属中的碳青霉烯类耐药菌株检出率分别为1.4%、1.9%和15.6%。结论变形杆菌属、摩根菌属和普罗威登菌属临床分离菌株近年有明显增加趋势;这些菌株中碳青霉烯类耐药菌株的检出亦有明显增多。应加强关注,重视细菌耐药监测,合理用药,防止耐药细菌的发生和耐药率上升。

关键词：变形杆菌属摩根菌属普罗威登菌属碳青霉烯类耐药细菌耐药性监测

GlideScope视频喉镜经口和经鼻气管插管的心血管反应比较

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中国危重病急救医学 2008年第7期20卷 405-408页

作者：刘和平薛富善李玄英许亚超杨泉涌 453003 河南新乡医学院第三附属医院麻醉科 00144 北京中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学整形外科医院麻醉科 100144 北京中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学整形外科医院麻醉科

目的对比观察GlideScope视频喉镜（GSVL）经口气管插管和经鼻气管插管的心血管反应。方法选取美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）身体状况分级为Ⅰ级、拟在经口或经鼻气管插管全麻下施择期整形外科手术的成年患者60例，随机均分为GSVL经口气管插... 详细信息

目的对比观察GlideScope视频喉镜（GSVL）经口气管插管和经鼻气管插管的心血管反应。方法选取美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）身体状况分级为Ⅰ级、拟在经口或经鼻气管插管全麻下施择期整形外科手术的成年患者60例，随机均分为GSVL经口气管插管组（经口组）和GSVL经鼻气管插管组（经鼻组）。常规麻醉诱导后采用GSVL实施经口或经鼻气管插管。观察记录两组患者麻醉诱导前（基础值）、麻醉诱导后、气管插管时及气管插管后1、2、3、4和5min的血压、心率（HR）以及观察期血压和HR的最大值，计算各时间点的收缩压-心率乘积（RPP），并记录气管插管时间。结果两组患者的基本情况差异无统计学意义。经鼻组的气管插管时间显著长于经口组[（52．2±13．5）s比（40．5±15．2）s，P〈0．05]。麻醉诱导后两组的血压和RPP均显著降低（P均〈0．05），但HR无显著变化。与麻醉诱导后比较，气管插管时两组的血压、RPP以及经口组的HR均显著升高，且经口组观察期的HR、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）和RPP最大值超过了基础值，但经鼻组仅HR的最大值超过了基础值。虽然两组各时间点血压差异均无统计学意义，但经口组观察期HR和RPP的最大值较经鼻组显著升高（P均〈0．05）。结论在麻醉的成年人，GSVL经口和经鼻气管插管可导致相似的血压升高反应，但GSVL经口气管插管所致的HR增快反应却强于GSVL经鼻气管插管。

关键词： GlideScope视频喉镜经口气管插管经鼻气管插管心血管反应

2015-2021年CHINET尿液分离菌分布和耐药性变迁

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中国感染与化疗杂志 2024年第3期24卷 287-299页

作者：李艳明邹明祥刘文恩杨洋胡付品朱德妹徐英春张小江张峰波季萍谢轶康梅王传清付盼徐元宏黄颖孙自镛陈中举倪语星孙景勇褚云卓田素飞胡志东李金俞云松林洁单斌杜艳郭素芳魏莲花邹凤梅张泓王春胡云建艾效曼卓超苏丹虹郭大文赵金英喻华黄湘宁金炎邵春红徐雪松鄢超王山梅楚亚菲张利侠马娟周树平周艳朱镭孟晋华董方吕志勇胡芳芳沈瀚周万青贾伟李刚吴劲松卢月梅李继红段金菊康建邦马晓波郑燕萍郭如意朱焱陈运生孟青王世富胡雪飞沈继录汪瑞忠房华俞碧霞赵勇龚萍温开镇张贻荣刘江山廖龙凤顾洪芹姜琳贺雯薛顺虹冯佼岳春雷中南大学湘雅医院检验科长沙410008 复旦大学附属华山医院抗生素研究所北京协和医院新疆医科大学第一附属医院四川大学华西医院复旦大学附属儿科医院安徽医科大学第一附属医院华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院中国医科大学附属第一医院天津医科大学总医院浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院昆明医科大学第一附属医院内蒙古医科大学附属医院甘肃省人民医院上海交通大学医学院附属儿童医院北京医院广州医科大学附属第一医院哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院四川省人民医院山东省立医院吉林大学中日联谊医院河南省人民医院陕西省人民医院江西省儿童医院山西省儿童医院首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院贵州省人民医院南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院宁夏医科大学总医院深圳市人民医院河北医科大学第二医院山西医科大学第二医院厦门大学附属第一医院福建省泉州市第一医院深圳市儿童医院山东大学齐鲁儿童医院南昌大学第一附属医院安徽医科大学第四附属医院上海市浦东新区人民医院浙江省宁波市镇海龙赛医院湖北省秭归县人民医院福建省晋江市医院甘肃省金昌市中西医结合医院江西省赣县区人民医院山东省广饶县人民医院河南省辉县市人民医院辽宁省营口市经济技术开发区中心医院青海省互助县人民医院四川省邻水县人民医院吉林省九台区人民医院

目的了解2015-2021年CHINET细菌耐药监测网中尿液分离菌的分布和耐药性。方法收集CHINET细菌耐药监测网51家医疗机构2015-2021年所有尿液标本临床分离菌的耐药监测数据资料,采用WHONET 5.6软件进行统计分析。结果2012-2021年尿液标本共... 详细信息

目的了解2015-2021年CHINET细菌耐药监测网中尿液分离菌的分布和耐药性。方法收集CHINET细菌耐药监测网51家医疗机构2015-2021年所有尿液标本临床分离菌的耐药监测数据资料,采用WHONET 5.6软件进行统计分析。结果2012-2021年尿液标本共分离细菌261893株,其中革兰阳性菌62219株,占23.8%,革兰阴性菌199674株占76.2%。常见的分离菌依次为大肠埃希菌(46.7%)、屎肠球菌(10.4%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(9.8%)、粪肠球菌(8.7%)、奇异变形杆菌(3.5%)、铜绿假单胞菌(3.4%)、无乳链球菌(2.6%)和阴沟肠杆菌(2.1%)。上述细菌主要分离自住院患者,女性多见于男性,成人多见于儿童。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和奇异变形杆菌中产超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBL)菌株分别占53.2%、52.8%和37.0%。耐碳青霉烯类的大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌中检出率分别为1.7%、18.5%、16.4%和40.3%。粪肠球菌对氨苄西林、呋喃妥因、利奈唑胺、万古霉素、替考拉宁和磷霉素的耐药率90%,对万古霉素、利奈唑胺和替考拉宁的耐药率<2%。ICU住院患者分离的大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌对大部分抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于门诊患者和非ICU住院患者。结论尿液标本临床分离菌主要以大肠埃希菌、肠球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌为主,不同人群尿液标本中分离的细菌种类和耐药性不尽相同,应重视细菌耐药监测,减少抗菌药物的不合理使用。

关键词：尿液细菌耐药性监测药物敏感性试验大肠埃希菌多重耐药菌