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Intrauterine Infections and Birth Defects

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第4期17卷 476-491页

作者： XIAO-YING ZHENG TING ZHANG YI-FEI WANG CHEN xu GONG CHEN RuO-LEI XIN JIA-PENG CHEN xu-mei hu QING YANG XIN-MING SONG LI-huA PANG YING JI HONG-mei SUN LEI ZHANG JU-FEN LIU YAN-LING GUO YAN ZHANG Institute of Population Research／WHO Collaborating Centeron Reproductive Health and Population Science Beijing 100871China Department of Infection and Immunity Capitallnstimte of PediatricsBeijing 100020China Medical School of Shanghai Jiatong University No.1954Huashan RoadShanghai 200030China Department of Embryology the Second Medical UniversityNo.280Chongqing NanluShanghai 200025China

Intrauterine infection is an important cause of some birth defects worldwide. The most common pathogens include rubella virus, cytomegaloviurs, ureaplasma urealyticum, toxoplasma, etc. General information about these pathogens in epidemiology, consequence of birth defects, and the possible mechanisms in the progress of birth defects, and the interventions to prevent or treat these pathogens?infections are described. The infections caused by rubella virus, cytomegaloviurs, ureaplasma urealyticum, toxoplasma, etc. are common, yet they are proved to be fatal during the pregnant period, especially during the first trimester. These infections may cause sterility, abortion, stillbirth, low birth weight, and affect multiple organs that may induce loss of hearing and vision, even fetal deformity and the long-term effects. These pathogens?infections may influence the microenvironment of placenta, including levels of enzymes and cytokines, and affect chondriosome that may induce the progress of birth defect. Early diagnosis of infections during pregnancy should be strengthened. There are still many things to be settled, such as the molecular mechanisms of birth defects, the effective vaccines to certain pathogens. Birth defect researches in terms of etiology and the development of applicable and sensitive pathogen detection technology and methods are imperative.

关键词： Pregnancy Complications Infectious Pregnancy Outcome Abnormalities Animals Female humans Infant Newborn Placenta Diseases Pregnancy Pregnancy Trimester First Research Support Non-U.S. Gov't Rubella Toxoplasma Ureaplasma urealyticum

Disentangling microbial coupled fillers mechanisms for the permeable layer optimization process in multi-soil-layering systems

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 538-549页

作者： Daxin Sun Chuanping Feng Yongheng Zhan Bingbing Deng Duoduo mei Nan Chen Weiwu hu School of Water Resources and Environment MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental EvolutionChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Journal Center China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Themulti-soil-layering(MSL)systems is an emerging solution for environmentally-friendly and cost-effective treatment of decentralized rural domestic ***,the role of the seemingly simple permeable layer has been overlooked,potentially holding the breakthroughs or directions to addressing suboptimal nitrogen removal performance in MSL *** this paper,the mechanism among diverse substrates(zeolite,green zeolite and biological ceramsite)coupled microorganisms in different systems(activated bacterial powder and activated sludge)for rural domestic wastewater purification was *** removal efficiencies performed by zeolite coupled with microorganisms within 3 days were 93.8%for COD,97.1%for TP,and 98.8%for NH_(4)^(+)-***,activated sludge showed better nitrification and comprehensive performance than specialized nitrifying bacteria *** attained an impressive 89.4%NH4+-N desorption efficiency,with a substantive fraction of NH_(4)^(+)-N manifesting as exchanged ***-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that aerobic and parthenogenetic anaerobic bacteria dominated the reactor,with anaerobic bacteria conspicuously *** the heterotrophic nitrificationaerobic denitrification(HN-AD)process was significant,with the presence of denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating organisms(DPAOs)for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus *** study not only raises awareness about the importance of the permeable layer and enhances comprehension of the HN-AD mechanism in MSL systems,but also provides valuable insights for optimizing MSL system construction,operation,and rural domestic wastewater treatment.

关键词： Rural domestic wastewater Multi-soil-layering(MSL)system Heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification(HN-AD) Nitrogen and phosphorus removal Microbial evolution

Structural analysis of a neutral polysaccharide ATP-1 from the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis and its immunomodulatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophages

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Food Science and human Wellness 2025年

作者： Kun Yang Baojun xu Wei hu Yifan Tang Amy hui-mei Lin Saiyi Zhong College of Food Science and Technology， Guangdong Ocean University， Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety，Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products， Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control Food Science and Technology Program， Department of Life Sciences， BNU-HKBU United International College Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI) Shenzhen Research Institute， Guangdong Ocean University

As a seaweed supplement， the powdered， entire herb of Asparagopsis taxiformis can effectively promote immune response in animals. However， the active factors responsible for this effect are currently unknown. A novel polysaccharide， ATP-1， was isolated and purified from the red alga A. taxiformis， and its structural and immunomodulatory properties were determined. ATP-1 is a neutral polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 307.978 kDa and is primarily composed of galactose (94.07%)， glucose (1.27%)， and xylose (4.66%). Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed that ATP-1 had an amorphous structure and was composed of molecular chain entanglement and intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. The microstructure of ATP-1 exhibited asymmetric sheet–like cracks and pores. Results from immunomodulatory activity showed that ATP-1 promoted inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein expression in RAW264.7 macrophages， improved macrophage phagocytic ability， and stimulated cytokine production (NO， tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α， and interleukin [IL]-6). Quantitative proteome analysis identified 178 differentially expressed proteins (70 upregulated and 108 downregulated) that were involved in various molecular pathways， among which， TNF was one of the 20 most common and significant signaling pathways in inflammation and immunoregulation. Western blotting indicated that ATP-1 significantly upregulated the expression of IKKα， IKKβ， COX-2， and TNF-α proteins in the TNF pathway. In contrast， ATP-1 downregulated the expression of IκBα， Fas， and AIPI. Results from molecular docking suggested that hydrogen bonding predominantly contributed to the affinity between TNF-α and galactose， glucose， and xylose. These findings indicated that ATP-1 may play an immunomodulatory role by activating the TNF signaling pathway. ATP-1 enhanced macrophage phagocytic capacity and stimulated the production of cytokines NO， TNF-α， and IL-6， thereb

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Antimicrobial resistance crisis:could artificial intelligence be the solution?

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Military Medical Research 2025年第1期12卷 72-95页

作者： Guang-Yu Liu Dan Yu mei-mei Fan xu Zhang Ze-Yu Jin Christoph Tang Xiao-Fen Liu Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityKey Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceKey Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of HangzhouHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China National Key Discipline of Pediatrics Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children Ministry of Education Laboratory of DermatologyBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijing 100045China Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Department of Molecular and human Genetics Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Sir William Dunn School of Pathology University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK Institute of Antibiotics Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of AntibioticsNational Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaNational Clinical Research Centre for Aging and MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health threat,and the World Health Organization(WHO)has announced a priority list of the most threatening pathogens against which novel antibiotics need to be *** discovery and introduction of novel antibiotics are time-consuming and *** to WHO’s report of antibacterial agents in clinical development,only 18 novel antibiotics have been approved since ***,novel antibiotics are critically *** intelligence(AI)has been rapidly applied to drug development since its recent technical breakthrough and has dramatically improved the efficiency of the discovery of novel ***,we first summarized recently marketed novel antibiotics,and antibiotic candidates in clinical *** addition,we systematically reviewed the involvement of AI in antibacterial drug development and utilization,including small molecules,antimicrobial peptides,phage therapy,essential oils,as well as resistance mechanism prediction,and antibiotic stewardship.

关键词： Antibiotic Artificial intelligence(AI) Clinical development Machine learning(ML) Antimicrobial peptide Phage therapy Antibiotic stewardship

Multi-model ensemble learning for battery state-of-health estimation:Recent advances and perspectives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 739-759页

作者： Chuanping Lin Jun xu Delong Jiang Jiayang Hou Ying Liang Zhongyue Zou xuesong mei State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots School of Mechanical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Luoyang Institute of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023HenanChina School of Mechanical Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangChina

The burgeoning market for lithium-ion batteries has stimulated a growing need for more reliable battery performance monitoring. Accurate state-of-health(SOH) estimation is critical for ensuring battery operational performance. Despite numerous data-driven methods reported in existing research for battery SOH estimation, these methods often exhibit inconsistent performance across different application scenarios. To address this issue and overcome the performance limitations of individual data-driven models,integrating multiple models for SOH estimation has received considerable attention. Ensemble learning(EL) typically leverages the strengths of multiple base models to achieve more robust and accurate outputs. However, the lack of a clear review of current research hinders the further development of ensemble methods in SOH estimation. Therefore, this paper comprehensively reviews multi-model ensemble learning methods for battery SOH estimation. First, existing ensemble methods are systematically categorized into 6 classes based on their combination strategies. Different realizations and underlying connections are meticulously analyzed for each category of EL methods, highlighting distinctions, innovations, and typical applications. Subsequently, these ensemble methods are comprehensively compared in terms of base models, combination strategies, and publication trends. Evaluations across 6 dimensions underscore the outstanding performance of stacking-based ensemble methods. Following this, these ensemble methods are further inspected from the perspectives of weighted ensemble and diversity, aiming to inspire potential approaches for enhancing ensemble performance. Moreover, addressing challenges such as base model selection, measuring model robustness and uncertainty, and interpretability of ensemble models in practical applications is emphasized. Finally, future research prospects are outlined, specifically noting that deep learning ensemble is poised to advance ens

关键词： Lithium-ion battery State-of-health estimation Data-driven Machine learning Ensemble learning Ensemble diversity

High-precision tip positioning composite feedforward control of linear colocated motion systems with Bi-Loop iterative feedforward tuning

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 153-166页

作者： Junyu hu Yourui TAO Shanhu LI xu HAN College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China

To enhance the tip positioning accuracy and robustness against disturbances of linear colocated motion systems,a novel composite feedforward(COMFF)control with Bi-Loop iterative feedforward tuning(IFFT)is *** tip positioning error consists of the coupled tip residual vibration and linear motor tracking *** the influence of nonlinear friction and load flexibility,the topology of COMFF is designed as decoupled structures so that COMFF can suppress the tip residual vibration and compensate for the linear motor tracking error ***,Bi-Loop IFFT is built to improve the robustness of COMFF in high-precision motor tracking *** the state space of the linear motor tracking error based on the projection theorem,two loops are performed in parallel along the iteration *** is the P-type iteration loop that drives linear motor tracking errors to converge to the zero *** other is the observation loop constructed by the recursive least square with forgetting factors to accelerate the P-type iteration *** by the P-type iteration loop with the aid of the observation loop,the proposed COMFF is integrated with fast convergence and high robustness when confronted with model *** effectiveness of the proposed COMFF combined with Bi-Loop IFFT is validated by experiments.

关键词： composite feedforward(COMFF)control Bi-Loop iterative feedforward tuning(Bi-Loop IFFT) colocated motion systems nonlinear friction flexible load

Armoring hydrophilic wood-structured ultrathick electrode with bimetallic nitride enables high energy-density supercapacitor

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第2期10卷 345-357页

作者： Nannan Ming Jikun xu Jingfang Lei Cankun hu Kaifu huo Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Thick electrodes can reduce the ratio of inactive constituents in a holistic energy storage system while improving energy and power ***,traditional slurry-casting electrodes induce high-tortuous ionic diffusion routes that directly depress the capacitance with a thickening *** overcome this,a novel 3D low-tortuosity,self-supporting,wood-structured ultrathick electrode(NiMoN@WC,a thickness of~1400 mm)with hierarchical porosity and artificial array-distributed small holes was constructed via anchoring bimetallic nitrides into the monolithic wood *** the embedded NiMoN nanoclusters with well-designed geometric and electronic structure,the vertically low-tortuous channels,enlarged specific surface area and pore volume,superhydrophilic interface,and excellent charge conductivities,a superior capacitance of NiMoN@WC thick electrodes(~5350 mF cm^(-2)and 184.5 F g^(-1))is achieved without the structural *** especial,monolithic wood carbons with gradient porous network not only function as the high-flux matrices to ameliorate the NiMoN loading via cell wall engineering but also allow fully-exposed electroactive substance and efficient current collection,thereby deliver an acceptable rate capability over 75%retention even at a high sweep rate of 20 mA cm^(-2).Additionally,an asymmetric NiMoN@WC//WC supercapacitor with an available working voltage of 1.0-1.8 V is assembled to demonstrate a maximum energy density of~2.04 mWh cm^(-2)(17.4 Wh kg^(-1))at a power density of 1620 mW cm^(-2),along with a decent long-term lifespan over 10,000 charging-discharging *** a guideline,the rational design of wood ultrathick electrode with nanostructured transition metal nitrides sketch a promising blueprint for alleviating global energy scarcity while expanding carbon-neutral technologies.

关键词： Wood-structured thick electrode Supercapacitors Transition metal nitrides Low tortuosity

Giant low-field magnetocaloric effect in unstable antiferromagnetic Tm1-xErxNi2Si2（x=0.2,0.4） compounds

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 312-318页

作者： Bo xu Lu Tian Junfeng Wang mei Wu Xinqiang Gao Zhenxing Li Jun Shen School of Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Rare Earths Ganjiang Innovation AcademyChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Energy and Power Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology

Magnetic refrigeration（MR） technology is regarded as an ideal solution for cryogenic applications,relying on magnetocaloric materials which provide necessary chilling effect.A series of polycrystalline Tm1-xErxNi2Si2（x=0.2,0.4） compounds was synthesized,and their magnetic properties,magnetic phase transition together with magnetocaloric effect（MCE） were *** Tm1-xErxNi2Si2（x=0.2,0.4）compounds display a field-induced metamagnetic transition from antiferromagnetic（AFM） to ferromagnetism（FM） in excess of 0.2 T,***,the AFM ground state is *** the field change of 0-2 T,the values of maximal magnetic entropy change(-ΔSMmax) and refrigerant capacity（RC） for Tm0.8Er0.2Ni2Si2compound are 17.9 J/（kg·K） and 83.5 J/kg,*** large reversible MCE under low magnetic fields（≤2 T） indicates that Tm0.8Er0.2Ni2Si2compound can serve as potential candidate materials for cryogenic magnetic refrigeration.

关键词： Cryogenic magnetic refrigeration Magnetocaloric effects Magnetocaloric materials Rare earths TmNi2Si2

Exposure of individuals aged 18-44 years to personal care products in Beijing,China:Exposure profiles,possible influencing factors,and risk assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 691-701页

作者： xu Zhang Linxue Han Qi Sun Xiaochen Wang Xiaojian hu Xiao Lin Ying Zhu China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health National Institute of Environmental HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021China The Bureau for Health Inspection and Supervision of Haidian District Beijing 100037China

Personal care products(PCPs)are a class of emerging pollutants that have attracted public concern owing to their harmful effects on humans and the *** data is valuable for insight the levels of PCPs in the human body and can be crucial for identifying potential health *** gain a better understanding of timely exposure profiles and health risk of reproductive-age population to PCPs,we determined six parabens,six benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters,and three disinfectants in 256 urine samples collected from young adults aged 18-44 years in Beijing,*** urinary levels of benzophenone-3(BP-3)and 4-hydroxybenzophenone(4-OHBP)were significantly higher in summer compared to winter,suggesting these compounds have different seasonal usage ***,the total concentration of 15 PCPs in female was 430 ng/mL,approximately two times higher than that in male.P-chloro-m-xylenol(PCMX),as a new type of antibacterial agent,has the greatest level among all target analytes,indicating the increasingly use of this antibacterial alternative *** potential influencing factors that lead to the elevated exposure level of PCPs were *** 19%of the target population had a high hazard index value(greater than 1)which was attributed to exposure to propyl paraben(PrP),benzophenone-1(BP-1),BP-3 and PCMX,indicating that PCPs may pose a relatively high exposure risk at environmental levels that should be a cause for concern.

关键词： Personal care products Hazard quotient Risk assessment Exposure patterns Urine