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Understanding livelihood vulnerability:a perspective from Western Sichuan’s ethnic rural settings

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 380-396页

作者： YU Yongqian JING Zheng WANG Yan QIU Xiaoping YANG xueting xu yun School of Geography and Resource Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Key Laboratory of land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest Ministry of EducationSichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Sichuan County Economic Development Research Center Mianyang Normal UniversityMianyang 621000China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

To explore the livelihood status and key influencing factors of rural households in the minority areas,we collected flat data from 284 rural households in 32 villages across 12 counties of Western Sichuan from 2021 to 2022.We conducted participatory household survey on the livelihood status of the rural households and try to identify the key factors to influence their livelihood vulnerability using multiple linear regression.The results showed that:the livelihood situation of the rural households is relatively vulnerable.The vulnerability varies significantly with the income levels,education levels,and income sources.The vulnerability of farm households,categorized from low to high livelihood types,follows the sequence:non-agricultural dominant households,non-agricultural households,agricultural dominant households,and pure agricultural households.The degree of damage to the natural environment,education costs,loan opportunities,the proportion of agricultural income to annual household income,and the presence of sick people in the household have significant positive effects on the livelihood vulnerability index(LVI)of rural households;while help from relatives and friends,net income per capita,household size,household education,agricultural land area,participation in industrial organizations,number of livestock,purchase of commercial houses,drinking water source,and self-supply of food have significant negative effects.Based on the findings,we believe that local rural households operate in a complex livelihood system and recommend continuous interventions targeting key influences to provide empirical research support for areas facing similar situations.

关键词： Livelihood Vulnerability Rural households Ethnic areas

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Millimeter-wave PA design techniques in ISSCC 2024

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第4期45卷 16-18页

作者： yun Wang Hongtao xu State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems School of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China

Millimeter-wave systems with high integration level have been rapidly developed to enable modern wireless communication,sensing,and imaging.The millimeter-wave power amplifier(PA)is one of the most challenging and critical components in a millimeter-wave transceiver,it is the last active stage in a transmitter amplifying spectrally efficient complex modulation signal for radiation with high output power.

关键词： millimeter Millimeter ISSCC

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Mechanical Performance of Bio-inspired Bidirectional Corrugated Sandwich Pressure Shell Under External Hydrostatic Pressure

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 297-312页

作者： ZHANG Yi CHEN Yue yun Lai LIANG xu Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316000China Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya 572000China

This paper aims to enhance the compression capacity of underwater cylindrical shells by adopting the corrugated sandwich structure of cuttlebone.The cuttlebone suffers uniaxial external compression,while underwater cylindrical shells are in a biaxial compressive stress state.To suit the biaxial compressive stress state,a novel bidirectional corrugated sandwich structure is proposed to improve the bearing capacity of cylindrical shells.The static and buckling analysis for the sandwich shell and the unstiffened cylindrical shell with the same volume-weight ratio are studied by numerical simulation.It is indicated that the proposed sandwich shell can effectively reduce the ratio between circumferential and axial stress from 2 to 1.25 and improve the critical buckling load by about 1.63 times.Numerical simulation shows that optimizing and adjusting the structural parameters could significantly improve the advantage of the sandwich shell.Then,the hydrostatic pressure tests for shell models fabricated by 3D printing are carried out.According to the experimental results,the overall failure position of the sandwich shell is at the center part of the sandwich shell.It has been found the average critical load of the proposed sandwich shell models exceeds two times that of the unstiffened shell models.Hence,the proposed bio-inspired bidirectional corrugated sandwich structure can significantly enhance the pressure resistance capability of cylindrical shells.

关键词： bio-inspiration bidirectional corrugation sandwich shell external pressure buckling

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Gut-targeted therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 1-8页

作者： Tian-Cheng xu yun Liu Zhi Yu Bin xu Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance.The global prevalence of T2DM has reached epidemic proportions,affecting approximately 463 million adults worldwide in 2019.Current treatments for T2DM include lifestyle modifications,oral antidiabetic agents,and insulin therapy.However,these therapies may carry side effects and fail to achieve optimal glycemic control in some patients.Therefore,there is a growing interest in the role of gut microbiota and more gut-targeted therapies in the management of T2DM.The gut microbiota,which refers to the community of microorganisms that inhabit the human gut,has been shown to play a crucial role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.Alterations in gut microbiota composition and diversity have been observed in T2DM patients,with a reduction in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pathogenic bacteria.This dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease by promoting inflammation and impairing gut barrier function.Several gut-targeted therapies have been developed to modulate the gut microbiota and improve glycemic control in T2DM.One potential approach is the use of probio-tics,which are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts.Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that certain probiotics,such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species,can improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients.Mechanisms may include the production of short-chain fatty acids,the improvement of gut barrier function,and the reduction of inflammation.Another gut-targeted therapy is fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),which involves the transfer of fecal material from a healthy donor to a recipient.FMT has been used successfully in the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection and is now being investigated as a potential therapy for T2DM.A recent randomized controlled trial showed that FMT from lea

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Gastroenterology Bacteria Implanted device

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GNSS gyroscopes:determination of angular velocity and acceleration with very high-rate GNSS

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 74-90页

作者： yun Shi Peiliang xu Yuanming Shu Xiaolin Meng School of Geomatics Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an710054People’s Republic of China Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611-0011Japan College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoPeople’s Republic of China School of Instrument Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210096People’s Republic of China

Although global navigation satellite systems(GNSS)have been routinely applied to determine attitudes,there exists no literature on determining angular velocity and/or angular acceleration from GNSS.Motivated by the invention of computerized accelerometers of the correspondence author and following the success of accurately recovering translational velocity and acceleration waveforms from very high-rate GNSS precise positioning by xu and his collaborators in 2021,we propose the concept of GNSS gyroscopes and reconstruct angular velocity and acceleration from very high-rate GNSS attitudes by applying regularization under the criterion of minimum mean squared errors.The major results from the experiments can be summarized in the following:(i)angular velocity and acceleration waveforms computed by applying the difference methods to high-rate GNSS attitudes are too noisy and can be physically not meaningful and numerically incorrect.The same can be said about inertial measurement unit(IMU)attitudes,if IMU gyros are not of very high accuracy;(ii)regularization is successfully applied to reconstruct the high-rate angular velocity and acceleration waveforms from 50 Hz GNSS attitudes and significantly outperforms the difference methods,validating the proposed concept of GNSS gyroscopes.By comparing the angular velocity and acceleration results by using the difference methods and regularization,we find that the peak values of angular velocity and acceleration by regularization are much smaller by a maximum factor of 1.57 in the angular velocity to a maximum factor of 8662.53 times in the angular acceleration in the case of high-rate GNSS,and by a maximum factor of 1.26 in the angular velocity to a maximum factor of 2819.85 times in the angular acceleration in the case of IMU,respectively;and(iii)the IMU attitudes apparently lead to better regularized angular velocity and acceleration waveforms than the high-rate GNSS attitudes,which can well be explained by the fact that the former is of better accuracy than the latter.As

关键词： Angular velocity Angular acceleration High-rate GNSS GNSS attitudes GNSS gyroscopes Regularization

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Development of antibody-drug conjugates in cancer:Overview and prospects

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Cancer Communications 2024年第1期44卷 3-22页

作者： Dan-yun Ruan Hao-Xiang Wu Qi Meng Rui-Hua xu Department of Clinical Research Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China

In recent years,remarkable breakthroughs have been reported on antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs),with 15 ADCs successfully entering the market over the past decade.This substantial development has positioned ADCs as one of the fastest-growing domains in the realm of anticancer drugs,demonstrating their efficacy in treating awide array of malignancies.Nonetheless,there is still an unmet clin-ical need forwider application,better efficacy,and fewer side effects of ADCs.An ADC generally comprises an antibody,a linker and a payload,and the combina-tion has profound effects on drug structure,pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy.Hence,optimization of the key components provides an opportunity to develop ADCs with higher potency and fewer side effects.In this review,we comprehen-sively reviewed the current development and the prospects of ADC,provided an analysis of marketed ADCs and the ongoing pipelines globally as well as in China,highlighted several ADC platforms and technologies specific to different pharmaceutical enterprises and biotech companies,and also discussed the new related technologies,possibility of next-generation ADCs and the directions of clinical research.

关键词： companies breakthrough payload

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Synthesis and characterization of iron clusters with an icosahedral [Fe@Fe12]16+ Core

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 123-129页

作者： Gan xu yun-Shu Cui xue-Lian Jiang Cong-Qiao xu Jun Li xu-Dong Chen Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing University

Iron-metal clusters are crucial in a variety of critical biological and material systems,including metalloenzymes,catalysts,and magnetic storage devices.However,a synthetic high-nuclear iron cluster has been absent due to the extreme difficulty in stabilizing species with direct iron-iron bonding.In this work,we have synthesized,crystallized,and characterized a（Tp*）4W4S12(Fe@Fe12) cluster(Tp*=tris（3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl）borate（1-）),which features a rare trideca-nuclear,icosahedral[Fe@Fe12] cluster core with direct multicenter iron-iron bonding between the interstitial iron（Fei） and peripheral irons（Fep）,as well as Fep…Fepferromagnetic coupling.Quantum chemistry studies reveal that the stability of the cluster arises from the 18-electron shell-closing of the [Fe@Fe12]16+core,assisted by its bonding interactions with the peripheral tridentate [（Tp*）WS3]4-ligands which possess both S→Fe donation and spin-polarized Fe-Wσ bonds.The ground-state electron spin is theoretically predicted to be S=32/2 for the cluster.The existence of low oxidation-state（OS～+1.23） iron in this compound may find interesting applications in magnetic storage,spintronics,redox chemistry,and cluster catalysis.

关键词： Fe13 cluster iron-sulfur cluster low-valence iron iron−iron bond high spin complex

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Failure mechanism and infrared radiation characteristic of hard siltstone induced by stratification effect

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 1058-1074页

作者： CHENG yun SONG Zhanping xu Zhiwei YANG Tengtian TIAN Xiaoxu School of Civil Engineering Yancheng Institute of TechnologyYancheng 224051China School of Civil Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering Xi'an 710055China China Railway Construction Bridge Engineering Bureau Group Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300300China

The deformation in sedimentary rock induced by train loads has potential threat to the safe operation of tunnels. This study investigated the influence of stratification structure on the infrared radiation and temporal damage mechanism of hard siltstone. The uniaxial compression tests, coupled with acoustic emission(AE) and infrared radiation temperature(IRT) were conducted on siltstones with different stratification effects. The results revealed that the stratigraphic structure significantly affects the stress-strain response and strength degradation characteristics. The mechanical parameters exhibit anisotropy characteristics, and the stratification effect exhibits a negative correlation with the cracking stress and peak stress. The failure modes caused by the stratification effect show remarkable anisotropic features, including splitting failure(Ⅰ: 0°-22.50°, Ⅱ: 90°), composite failure(45°), and shearing failure(67.50°). The AE temporal sequences demonstrate a stepwise response characteristic to the loading stress level. The AE intensity indicates that the stress sensitivity of shearing failure and composite failure is generally greater than that of splitting failure. The IRT field has spatiotemporal migration and progressive dissimilation with stress loading and its dissimilation degree increases under higher stress levels. The stronger the stratification effect, the greater the dissimilation degree of the IRT field. The abnormal characteristic points of average infrared radiation temperature(AIRT) variance at local stress drop and peak stress can be used as early and late precursors to identify fracture instability. Theoretical analysis shows that the competitive relationship between compaction strengthening and fracturing damage intensifies the dissimilation of the infrared thermal field for an increasing stress level. The present study provides a theoretical reference for disaster warnings in hard sedimentary rock mass.

关键词： Hard siltstone Failure mechanism Stratification effect Infrared radiation characteristic Temporal-damage mechanism Dissimilation

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Identifying the enhancement mechanism of Al/MoO_(3) reactive multilayered films on the ignition ability of semiconductor bridge using a one-dimensional gas-solid two-phase flow model

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 168-179页

作者： Jianbing xu Yuxuan Zhou yun Shen Yueting Wang Yinghua Ye Ruiqi Shen School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Micro-Nano Energetic Devices Key Laboratory of MIIT Nanjing 210094China Institute of Space Propulsion Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Energetic Semiconductor bridge(ESCB)based on reactive multilayered films(RMFs)has a promising application in the miniature and intelligence of initiator and pyrotechnics device.Understanding the ignition enhancement mechanism of RMFs on semiconductor bridge(SCB)during the ignition process is crucial for the engineering and practical application of advanced initiator and pyrotechnics devices.In this study,a one-dimensional(1D)gas-solid two-phase flow ignition model was established to study the ignition process of ESCB to charge particles based on the reactivity of Al/MoO_(3) RMFs.In order to fully consider the coupled exothermic between the RMFs and the SCB plasma during the ignition process,the heat release of chemical reaction in RMFs was used as an internal heat source in this model.It is found that the exothermal reaction in RMFs improved the ignition performance of SCB.In the process of plasma rapid condensation with heat release,the product of RMFs enhanced the heat transfer process between the gas phase and the solid charge particle,which accelerated the expansion of hot plasma,and heated the solid charge particle as well as gas phase region with low temperature.In addition,it made up for pressure loss in the gas phase.During the plasma dissipation process,the exothermal chemical reaction in RMFs acted as the main heating source to heat the charge particle,making the surface temperature of the charge particle,gas pressure,and gas temperature rise continuously.This result may yield significant advantages in providing a universal ignition model for miniaturized ignition devices.

关键词： Ignition enhancement mechanism 1D gas-solid two-phase flow Al/MoO_(3)reactive multilayered films Semiconductor bridge Miniaturized ignition device

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Appendiceal intussusception complicated by adenocarcinoma of the cecum:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1461-1466页

作者： Yu Long Yi-Ning Xiang Fei Huang Lei xu Xiao-yun Li yun-Huan Zhen Department of Colorectal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550001Guzihou ProvinceChina Department of Colorectal Surgery Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550001Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550001Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Appendiceal intussusception is a pathological condition in which the appendix is inverted into the cecum,which may cause symptoms that resemble those of other gastrointestinal disorders and may induce intestinal obstruction.The rarity of this case presentation is the co-occurrence of appendiceal intussusception and cecal adenocarcinoma,a combination that to our knowledge has not previously been reported in the medical literature.This case provides new insights into the complexities of diagnosing and managing overlapping pathologies.CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old woman presented with persistent periumbilical pain and bloody stools.An initial biopsy showed cecal cancer;however,subsequent colonoscopy and computed tomography findings raised the suspicion of appendiceal intussus-ception,which was later confirmed postoperatively.This unique case was charac-terized by a combination of intussusception and adenocarcinoma of the cecum.The intervention included a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy,which led to the histopathological diagnosis of mucinous adenocarcinoma with appendiceal intussusception.The patient recovered well postoperatively and was advised to initiate adjuvant chemotherapy.This case highlights not only the importance of considering appendiceal intussusception in the differential diagnosis,but also the possibility of appendicitis and the atypical presentation of neoplastic lesions.CONCLUSIONS Physicians should consider the possibility of appendiceal intussusception in cases of atypical appendicitis,particularly when associated with neoplastic presentation.

关键词： Appendiceal intussusception Appendicitis Cecal cancer Target signs Misdiagnosis Case report

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