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Hwangryongsa reconsidered:A Korean mirror to the medieval Chinese Buddhist ritual-architectural transformation

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第1期12卷 28-41页

作者： zhu xu School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology ShenzhenShenzhen 518055China

This article investigates the one-century construction history of Silla’s state monastery Hwangryongsa,understanding its architectural transformation in relation to the changing ritual-spatial concept within the context of the medieval Sino-Korean cultural *** initial construction between 553 and 569,supervised by the Koguryŏe´migre´monk Hyeryang,followed the sixth-century Northern Chinese model to build Hwangryongsa as a dormitory-enclosed compound,in which the One-Hundred-Seat Assembly was enacted in the image hall as the earlier Chinese Buddhist tradition would *** plan was soon altered under the increasing popularity of the newly developed Southern Chinese *** extensive reconstruction started in 574 for the purpose of imitating the Chen imperial performance of the One-Hundred-Seat Assembly at Taijidian compound of Jiankang palace,while the archaic,oddly-empty organization of the central image hall reveals a hidden connection between Hwangryongsa and Tongtaisi,the state monastery of the Liang and also the first Chinese monastery modeled after the Taijidian *** was eventually transformed into a corridor-enclosed ceremonial courtyard fronted by three image halls and one nine-story pagoda by 645,and the transformation profoundly mirrored China’s medieval architectural reform of Buddhist ritual space between the sixth and seventh centuries.

关键词： Hwangryongsa Taijidian Tongtaisi Sino-Korean exchange Silla Chinese Northern and Southern dynasties

Distributed consensus algorithm for networked Euler-Lagrange systems with self-delays and uncertainties

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2012年第6期23卷 898-905页

作者： xu zhu dianguo Yan Yaohong Qu School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 E R. China

A distributed coordinated consensus problem for multiple networked Euler-Lagrange systems is studied. The communication between agents is subject to time delays, unknown parameters and nonlinear inputs, but only with their states available for measurement. When the communication topology of the system is connected, an adaptive control algorithm with selfdelays and uncertainties is suggested to guarantee global full-state synchro-nization that the difference between the agent＇s positions and ve-locities asymptotically converges to zero. Moreover, the distributed sliding-mode law is given for chaotic systems with nonlinear inputs to compensate for the effects of nonlinearity. Finally, simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.

关键词： networked multi-agent system Euler-Lagrange (EL)system distributed consensus algorithm Lyapunov stability self-delay uncertainty.

An iterative approach to Bayes risk decoding and system combination

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2011年第3期12卷 204-212页

作者： Hai-hua xu Jie zhu Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

We describe a novel approach to Bayes risk(BR) decoding for speech recognition,in which we attempt to find the hypothesis that minimizes an estimate of the BR with regard to the minimum word error(MWE) *** achieve this,we propose improved forward and backward algorithms on the lattices and the whole procedure is optimized *** remarkable characteristics of the proposed approach are that the optimization procedure is expectation-maximization(EM) like and the formation of the updated result is similar to that obtained with the confusion network(CN) decoding *** results indicated that the proposed method leads to an error reduction for both lattice rescoring and lattice-based system combinations,compared with CN decoding,confusion network combination(CNC),and ROVER methods.

关键词： Bayes risk(BR) Confusion network Speech recognition Lattice rescoring System combination

Multi-sensor information fusion based control for VAV systems using thermal comfort constraints

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Building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1047-1062页

作者： xu zhu Taotao Shi Xinqiao Jin Zhimin Du School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

The conventional control methods of variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning systems usually assume that the indoor air is well mixed, and consider each building zone as one node with homogeneous temperature distribution. The average temperature is subsequently used as the controlled parameter in the VAV cascade control process, which might cause uneven temperature distribution and unsatisfactory thermal comfort. This paper presents a coupled simulation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and building energy simulation (BES) for the VAV system in an office building located in Shanghai for the purpose of simulating the building, the VAV control system, and indoor thermal environment simultaneously. An external interface is developed to integrate the CFD and BES models based on quasi-dynamic coupling approach. Based upon the developed co-simulation platform, the novel VAV control method is further proposed by fusing information from multiple sensors. By adding two temperature sensors to constrain the thermal comfort of the occupied zone, the supply air temperature setpoint of the VAV terminal unit can be reset in real time. The novel control method is embedded into the co-simulation platform and compared with the conventional VAV control approach. The results illustrate that the temperature distribution under the proposed method is more uniform. At most times of the typical test day, the air diffusion performance indexes (ADPIs) for the proposed method are above 80%, while the ADPIs for the conventional control method are between 60% and 80%. Due to multi-sensor information fusion, the proposed VAV control approach has better ability to ensure the indoor thermal comfort.

关键词： coupled simulation thermal comfort multi-sensor information fusion VAV control

Synthesis of new chiral 1,2,3,4-tertrahydroisoquinoline β-amino alcohol for asymmetric diethylzinc addition to aryl aldehydes(Ⅰ)

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第12期20卷 1393-1396页

作者： Geng xu Zhan zhu Liu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine (Peking Union Medical College) Ministry of Education Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100050 China

Four new chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-derived G-amino alcohols were synthesized from commercially available LDOPA. These ligands were evaluated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehydes and showed different catalytic activities （up to 86% ee）. The solvent played an important role in the enantioselective process. The transition state models were proposed to explain the reversion of the product configuration.

关键词： β-Amino alcohol Tetrahydroisoquinoline Diethylzinc Asymmetric addition

Synthesis of new chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline β-amino alcohols from L-DOPA

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2008年第11期19卷 1271-1273页

作者： Geng xu Zhan zhu Liu Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College ＆ Chinese Academy of Medical Science Beijing 100050 China

Four new chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-derived β-amino alcohols were synthesized from L-DOPA in good yields. The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR and MS.

关键词： β-Amino alcohol Tetrahydroisoquinoline L-DOPA Pictet-Spengler reaction

An optimal rigidity theorem for complete submanifolds in a sphere

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2008年第2期23卷 219-226页

作者： xu Hong-wei zhu Jiao-feng Center of Math. Sci. Zhejiang Univ. Hangzhou 310027 China

It is proved that if M^n is an n-dimensional complete submanifold with parallel mean curvature vector and flat normal bundle in S^n＋p（1）, and if supM S 〈 α（n, H）, where α（n,H）=n＋n^3/2（n-1）H^2-n（n-2）/n（n-1）√n^2H^4＋4（n-1）H^2,then M^n must be the totally urnbilical sphere S^n（1/√1＋H^2）.An example to show that the pinching constant α（n, H） appears optimal is given.

关键词： submanifold rigidity flat normal bundle mean curvature.

New Oscillation Criteria for Second Order Linear Matrix Differential Equations with Damping

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第6期24卷 925-936页

作者： Yan Cong xu De Ming zhu Department of Mathematics East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China

By using the positive linear functional and the monotone subhomogeneous functional, including the general means and Riccati technique, some new oscillation criteria are established for the second order linear matrix differential system （P（t）X＇（t））＇＋ R（t）X＇（t）＋ Q（t）X（t） =0, t ≥ to 〉 0 where P（t）, R（t）, Q（t） are n × n real continuous matrix functions, P（t） and R（t） are commutative. Theresults improve and generalize those given in some previous papers, which can be seen by the examples given at the end of this paper.

关键词： matrix differential equation oscillation damping

Divergent defluorocarboxylation of α-CF_(3) alkenes with formate via photocatalyzed selective mono-or triple C-F bond cleavage

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 368-373页

作者： Xing-Yu Wang Pei xu Wen-Wen Liu Hao-Qiang Jiang Song-Lei zhu Dong Guo xu zhu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 22100China

Unprecedented divergent synthesis of gem-difluorovinylacetic acid and glutaric acid derivatives fromα-CF_(3)alkenes with formate as the carbonyl source was *** reaction can undergo selective mono-or triple C-F bond cleavage by simply switching the photocatalyst and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)catalyst under visible-light-induced conditions at room *** acts as both the C1 source and the reductant through the generation of CO_(2)^(·-)species,which underwent Giese radical addition to electron-deficient alkenes to trigger the consecutive C-F bond cleavage and carboxylation process.

关键词： C-F bond activation defluorocarboxylation carbon dioxide radical anion visible light