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电吸附处理重金属离子的研究进展

现代化工 2024年第2期44卷 47-51,57页

作者：翟作昭张利辉王晓磊任斌许跃龙王莎莎刘振法河北省科学院能源研究所河北石家庄050081 河北粤海水务集团有限公司河北石家庄050081 河北省污水治理与资源化技术创新中心河北石家庄050081

从电吸附技术的基本原理入手,总结了电吸附处理Cu2+、Pb2+、Cr6+、Cd2+等重金属离子的研究进展,对电吸附处理重金属的未来进行了展望,指出了电吸附处理重金属离子研究目前存在的一些缺陷,并提出了电吸附处理重金属离子走向工业化需要解... 详细信息

从电吸附技术的基本原理入手,总结了电吸附处理Cu2+、Pb2+、Cr6+、Cd2+等重金属离子的研究进展,对电吸附处理重金属的未来进行了展望,指出了电吸附处理重金属离子研究目前存在的一些缺陷,并提出了电吸附处理重金属离子走向工业化需要解决的问题。

关键词：重金属废水电吸附水处理技术工业化

Progress in Global Gas Hydrate Development and Production as a New Energy Resource

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第3期93卷 731-755页

作者： LIU Liping SUN Zhilei zhang lei WU Nengyou Yichao Qin JIANG Zuzhou GENG Wei CAO Hong zhang Xilin zhai Bin xu Cuiling SHEN Zhicong JIA Yonggang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100ShandongChina Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266071ShandongChina The Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao Institute of Marine GeologyQingdao 266071ShandongChina Drilling technology Research institute of Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corporation Limited SINOPECDongying 257017ShandongChina Linyi University Linyi276000ShandongChina

Natural gas hydrates have been hailed as a new and promising unconventional alternative energy,especially as fossil fuels approach depletion,energy consumption soars,and fossil fuel prices rise,owing to their extensive distribution,abundance,and high fuel *** hydrate reservoirs are similar to a storage cupboard in the global carbon cycle,containing most of the world's methane and accounting for a third of Earth's mobile organic *** investigated gas hydrate stability zone burial depths from the viewpoint of conditions associated with stable existence of gas hydrates,such as temperature,pressure,and heat flow,based on related data collected by the global drilling ***-related areas are estimated using various biological,geochemical and geophysical *** on a series of previous investigations,we cover the history and status of gas hydrate exploration in the USA,Japan,South Korea,India,Germany,the polar areas,and ***,we review the current techniques for hydrate exploration in a global ***,we briefly review existing techniques for recovering methane from gas hydrates,including thermal stimulation,depressurization,chemical injection,and CH4-CO2 exchange,as well as corresponding global field trials in Russia,Japan,United States,Canada and *** particular,unlike diagenetic gas hydrates in coarse sandy sediments in Japan and gravel sediments in the United States and Canada,most gas hydrates in the northem South china Sea are non-diagenetic and exist in fine-grained sediments with a vein-like ***,especially in terms of the offshore production test in gas hydrate reservoirs in the Shenhu area in the north slope of the South china Sea,Chinese scientists have proposed two unprecedented techniques that have been verified during the field trials:solid fluidization and formation fluid ***,we introduce the two production techniques,as well as the so-called"fbur-in-one"environmental monitoring

关键词： natural gas hydrate gas recovery production technique shallow gas hydrate environmental monitoring

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电解液改善锂离子电池低温析锂研究进展

储能科学与技术 2024年第7期13卷 2192-2205页

作者：李泽珩徐磊姚雨星闫崇翟喜民郝雪纯陈爱兵黄佳琦别晓非孙焕丽范丽珍张强清华大学化学工程系绿电化工研究中心绿色反应工程与工艺北京市重点实验室北京100084 浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院浙江杭州310058 北京理工大学前沿交叉科学研究院北京100081 中国第一汽车股份有限公司吉林长春130013 河北科技大学化学与制药工程学院河北石家庄050018 北京科技大学新材料技术研究院北京100083 清华大学碳中和研究院北京100084 清华大学山西清洁能源研究院山西太原030032

锂离子电池作为便携式电子产品和电动汽车的“心脏”,在推动人类社会的无化石燃料化中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,在低温条件下(0℃及以下)充电时,锂离子电池电极极化急剧增大,导致了严重的析锂问题。通过合理设计低温电解液,降低低温... 详细信息

锂离子电池作为便携式电子产品和电动汽车的“心脏”,在推动人类社会的无化石燃料化中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,在低温条件下(0℃及以下)充电时,锂离子电池电极极化急剧增大,导致了严重的析锂问题。通过合理设计低温电解液,降低低温充电时电极极化,并构建稳定的电解液-电极界面,可以有效遏制析锂及其对锂离子电池带来的不利影响。本文首先阐释了低温下锂离子电池析锂的形成机制,并指出低温电解液的设计是改善锂离子电池低温析锂行为的有效途径。接着,本文进一步介绍了缓解低温析锂问题的几种电解液设计策略,包括降低去溶剂化能垒的弱溶剂化电解液和共嵌入电解液、衍生低阻抗固态电解质界面膜(SEI)的局部高盐电解液以及钝化析锂的羧酸酯基高盐电解液,同时比较了这些策略的优劣势。最后,结合现有研究成果,展望了电解液调控低温析锂行为的未来研究方向,提出了发展实时析锂预警方法、采用实用化条件评估电解液抑制低温析锂能力以及设计兼顾电化学动力学和界面稳定性的高比能硅碳负极用低温电解液,以望实现低温锂离子电池的高容量发挥和长循环寿命。

关键词：析锂低温电解液锂离子电池电极极化

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CEPC Technical Design Report

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Radiation Detection technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed Xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves Weiming An Rui An Daniele Paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai Yu Bai Yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs Philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-Shan Bao Desmond P.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya Subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci Xiao-Jun Bi Yuanjie Bi Tianjian Bian Fabrizio Bianchi Thomas Biekotter Michela Biglietti Shalva Bilanishvili Deng Binglin Denis Bodrov Anton Bogomyagkov Serge Bondarenko Stewart Boogert Maarten Boonekamp Marcello Borri Angelo Bosotti Vincent Boudry Mohammed Boukidi Igor Boyko Ivanka Bozovic Giuseppe Bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia Hua Cai Wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai Yuchen Cai Haiying Cai Huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao Jianshe Cao Antoine Chance xuejun Chang Yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang Wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che Yuzhi Che Bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen Hua-Xing Chen Huirun Chen Jinhui Chen Ji-Yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen Mingjun Chen Mingshui Chen Ning Chen Shanhong Chen Shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen Wei Chen Xiang Chen Xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen xun Chen xurong Chen Ye Chen Ying Chen Yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen Boping Chen Chunhui Chen Hok Chuen Cheng Huajie Cheng Shan Cheng Tongguang Cheng Yunlong Chi Pietro Chimenti Wen Han Chiu Guk Cho Ming-Chung Chu Xiaotong Chu Ziliang Chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui Xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi Ling-Yun Dai Xinchen Dai xuwen Dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng Wei-Tian Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen Biagio Di Micco Ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong Jianin AGH University of Science and technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui University HefeiAnhui Applied physics Department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu University Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Bandirma Beihang University Beijing beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing beijing Glass Research institute Co. LtdBeijing beijing institute of technology Beijing beijing Normal University Beijing Brown University ProvidenceRI Budker institute of Nuclear physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad University Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo University Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central china Normal University WuhanHubei Central South University ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de Particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa Chengdu KaitengSifang Digital Radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan china academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan china building materials academy Beijing china Center of Advanced Science and technology Beijing china institute of Atomic Energy Beijing china Jiliang University HangzhouZhejiang china Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing china University of Geosciences Beijing china University of Geosciences WuhanHubei china University of Mining and technology XuzhouJiangsu china West Normal University NanchongSichuan Chongqing University Department of PhysicsChongqing Chulalongkorn University Bangkok City University of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft institute Daresbury Cornell University IthacaNY CPPM(AMU/IPhU&CNRS/INP) Marseille Dalian Minzu University DalianLiaoning Dalian University of technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint institute for Nuclear Research(DLNP JINR) Dubna East china University Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by china,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise

LHAASO净水及超纯水制备控制系统的设计与实现

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化工自动化及仪表 2020年第6期47卷 489-496页

作者：翟徐徐张健欣王博东张月雷内蒙古工业大学电力学院中国科学院高能物理研究所

高海拔宇宙线观测站项目中的水切伦科夫探测器阵列(WCDA)和地面簇射粒子阵列的缪子探测器(MD)这两种探测器都需要水作为探测介质,并且对水质要求极高,基于此设计了一套以项目当地的天然地表水为原水,制备用于WCDA的净水和MD的超纯水系... 详细信息

高海拔宇宙线观测站项目中的水切伦科夫探测器阵列(WCDA)和地面簇射粒子阵列的缪子探测器(MD)这两种探测器都需要水作为探测介质,并且对水质要求极高,基于此设计了一套以项目当地的天然地表水为原水,制备用于WCDA的净水和MD的超纯水系统。系统实现了对地表水中总有机碳(TOC)、溶解氧、颗粒物及悬浮物等物质的深度去除,最终以相对稳定的压力提供给WCDA和MD。给出了涵盖净水超纯水处理的工艺流程、设备选型、结构设计、控制系统设计、系统调试及信息化处理方式等。目前整套系统在满足水质要求的前提下已稳定运行。

关键词： LHAASO 净水超纯水 PLC WinCC 水净化

我国苹果园施肥现状、土壤剖面氮磷分布特征及减肥增效技术

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植物营养与肥料学报 2021年第7期27卷 1294-1304页

作者：刘占军祝慧张振兴赵家锐侯立耀翟丙年徐新朋雷秋良朱元骏西北农林科技大学资源环境学院陕西杨凌712100 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所北京100081 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所陕西杨凌712100

【目的】全面认知我国苹果园施肥现状,明确苹果园土壤剖面氮磷分布特征,探究减肥增效和地力提升的果园管理技术,为我国苹果产业高质量发展提供理论依据和技术支撑。【方法】基于文献资料,制定我国苹果合理化肥施用量;采用实地调查和文... 详细信息

【目的】全面认知我国苹果园施肥现状,明确苹果园土壤剖面氮磷分布特征,探究减肥增效和地力提升的果园管理技术,为我国苹果产业高质量发展提供理论依据和技术支撑。【方法】基于文献资料,制定我国苹果合理化肥施用量;采用实地调查和文献数据相结合的方法,明确和评价我国苹果主产区化肥施用现状;通过田间采样与室内分析,明晰灌区和非灌区苹果园土壤硝态氮和Olsen-P剖面变化特征;基于文献资料,集成苹果园减肥增效、地力提升和优质高产的管理技术。【结果】我国苹果园化肥合理施用量为N 150~420 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)90~330 kg/hm^(2)和K2O 120~420 kg/hm^(2)。目前我国苹果园化肥平均施用量分别为N 905 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)570 kg/hm^(2)和K_(2)O 675 kg/hm^(2),氮、磷、钾过量施肥现象普遍且较为严重;施肥结构上,重化肥轻有机肥现象明显,有机肥养分占比仅7.0%。旱作体系下,8年生苹果园土壤与农田相比,0—600 cm土壤剖面硝态氮含量差异不显著,25年生苹果园土壤在20—500 cm土层硝态氮含量显著高于农田,且在120 cm土层出现215 mg/kg的硝态氮峰值;灌区25年生苹果园0—800 cm土壤剖面硝态氮含量均高于100 mg/kg,在380 cm土层出现265 mg/kg的硝态氮峰值,且140—600 cm土层硝态氮含量显著高于旱作25年生苹果园土壤。土壤Olsen-P含量整体表现为0—100 cm土层下降、100—400 cm土层增加和400—600 cm土层基本稳定的趋势;旱作体系下,土壤Olsen-P含量在0—60 cm土层表现为25年生苹果园土壤>8年生苹果园土壤≈农田土壤,而在60—600 cm土层Olsen-P含量差异不显著;灌区25年生苹果园在60—120 cm土层土壤Olsen-P含量高于旱作25年生苹果园,且在80—100 cm土层出现一个14.5 mg/kg的峰值,460—560 cm土层也表现为灌溉果园的Olsen-P含量高于雨养果园的趋势。水肥一体化和推荐施肥是现实苹果园减肥增效的关键技术,有机无机肥配施、果园生草、施用生物炭是提高苹果园肥料利用效率及土壤肥力的重要途径。【结论】我国苹果园过量施肥和不平衡施肥问题严重;高量施肥背景下长期苹果种植导致土壤深层剖面硝态氮和有效磷累积,无效化风险高,且灌溉加剧了氮、磷的淋溶风险;水肥一体化和苹果养分专家系统等推荐施肥,以及有机无机肥配施、果园生草、施用生物炭等是实现我国苹果园减肥增效和地力提升的关键技术,在今后苹果园管理方面,应加强不同生态区适宜的综合技术研究。

关键词：苹果产业施肥现状氮磷剖面累积减肥增效地力提升