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荆江段二元结构河岸崩塌机理试验研究

应用基础与工程科学学报 2016年第5期24卷 955-969页

作者：宗全利夏军强邓珊珊张翼许全喜武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室湖北武汉430072 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院新疆石河子832000 长江水利委员会水文局湖北武汉434020

为揭示二元结构河岸的崩塌机理,本文采用荆江河岸原型土体为试验材料,开展了上、下荆江二元结构河岸崩塌过程的概化水槽试验,分析了河岸的崩塌过程、机理及崩塌后土体的堆积、分解和输移特点等.试验结果表明:平面滑动破坏在上荆江概化... 详细信息

为揭示二元结构河岸的崩塌机理,本文采用荆江河岸原型土体为试验材料,开展了上、下荆江二元结构河岸崩塌过程的概化水槽试验,分析了河岸的崩塌过程、机理及崩塌后土体的堆积、分解和输移特点等.试验结果表明:平面滑动破坏在上荆江概化试验中发生频率最高,其崩塌过程包括岸顶竖向拉伸裂隙的出现以及崩塌土体(滑崩体)沿滑裂面的滑动两部分;下荆江概化试验河岸崩塌类型主要为悬臂破坏,发生机理为悬空土块宽度超过其临界值,自身产生的重力矩大于黏土层的抵抗力矩,从而绕中性轴旋转发生崩塌;从试验结果还可看出,上部黏性土层崩塌后大部分土体会暂时堆积在河岸坡脚处,不会被水流立即冲走,在一定时间内对覆盖的近岸河床起到一定保护作用;崩塌后土体在坡脚处呈三角形堆积,其坡度近似等于河岸水下稳定坡比或泥沙水下休止角;堆积土体的体积主要与崩塌土体体积有关,一般占后者的比例在0.38~0.74之间,实际计算中可以按照此比例进行估算.

关键词：二元结构河岸崩塌机理堆积形式荆江河段水槽试验

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三峡水库沙峰调度试验研究与思考

人民长江 2014年第19期45卷 1-5页

作者：董炳江陈显维许全喜长江水利委员会水文局湖北武汉430010

三峡水库蓄水运用以来,入库泥沙大幅减少,水库泥沙淤积大为减轻。但受局部暴雨影响,近几年入库泥沙主要集中在典型洪水期间,为水库在洪水期间进行沙峰排沙调度试验提供了有利条件。利用入库泥沙实时监测与泥沙预报技术,对三峡水库洪峰... 详细信息

三峡水库蓄水运用以来,入库泥沙大幅减少,水库泥沙淤积大为减轻。但受局部暴雨影响,近几年入库泥沙主要集中在典型洪水期间,为水库在洪水期间进行沙峰排沙调度试验提供了有利条件。利用入库泥沙实时监测与泥沙预报技术,对三峡水库洪峰与沙峰传播特性、沙峰调度进行了研究,为2012,2013年汛期成功实施沙峰调度提供了技术支撑,并取得了较好的排沙减淤效果。为了掌握更精准的沙峰调度时机、制订更科学合理的沙峰排沙调度方案,提出了下一阶段沙峰调度观测与研究的重点和方向。

关键词：沙峰排沙调度泥沙实时监测泥沙预报三峡工程

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Laboratory evaluation of high-friction thin overlays for pavement preservation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 936-948页

作者： Ouming xu Rentao xu Lintong JIN School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional asphalt concrete(AC)and stone matrix asphalt(SMA),which are used as thin asphalt overlays,are common maintenance strategies to enhancing ride quality,skid resistance,and ***,several studies have used a novel asphalt mixture known as a high-friction thin overlay(HFTO)to improve surface ***,it remains uncertain whether the laboratory properties of HFTO differ significantly from those of conventional *** study aims to evaluate the laboratory properties of HFTO mixtures and compare them with those of AC and *** mixtures with nominal maximum size of 9.5 mm were produced in the laboratory,and performance tests were conducted,including wheel tracking test,low temperature flexural creep test,moisture susceptibility test,Cantabro Abrasion Test,Marshall Test,sand patch test,British pendulum test,and indoor tire-rollingdown *** results showed that the HFTO exhibited a lower tire/pavement noise than the AC and ***,HFTO had superior high-temperature stability,larger macro texture,and higher skid resistance in comparison to those of AC,but lower than those of ***,HFTO mixtures may be considered a suitable replacement for traditional AC mixtures in regions where skid resistance and noise reduction are concerns.

关键词： road engineering pavement maintenance high friction thin overlay performance skid resistance tire/pavement noise

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长江中下游水沙与河床冲淤变化特性研究

人民长江 2013年第23期44卷 16-21页

作者：许全喜朱玲玲袁晶长江水利委员会水文局湖北武汉430010

利用长江干、支流水文和河道地形实测资料,研究了三峡工程运用前后坝下游水沙输移特性与河湖泥沙冲淤的时空格局和变化特征。结果表明:①三峡工程建成运行后,长江中游洪峰流量减小,中水时间延长,汛后退水时间缩短,干流输沙量大幅减少,... 详细信息

利用长江干、支流水文和河道地形实测资料,研究了三峡工程运用前后坝下游水沙输移特性与河湖泥沙冲淤的时空格局和变化特征。结果表明:①三峡工程建成运行后,长江中游洪峰流量减小,中水时间延长,汛后退水时间缩短,干流输沙量大幅减少,泥沙来源发生新变化,荆江三口分流分沙量继续减少;②长江中游干流河势总体稳定,但河床沿程纵向冲刷强度与三峡水库运用前相比明显增大,且冲刷强度和发展速度均大于原预测值;③荆江三口洪道由蓄水前的淤积转为冲刷;④洞庭湖淤积速度大为减缓,鄱阳湖受河道采砂等影响,总体由淤积转为冲刷;⑤长江中游河、湖泥沙冲淤格局发生调整,三峡水库蓄水前长江中游河、湖呈淤积状态,蓄水后则呈冲刷状态。

关键词：水沙变化泥沙冲淤格局长江中下游三峡工程

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Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health *** this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically ***,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was *** DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of ***,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and ***,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

Granting strength to aerogel fibers through encapsulation

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Science China Materials 2024年第4期67卷 1365-1366页

作者： Wenhui xu Department of Basic Chemistry School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China

Aerogel fibers, distinguished by their lightweight nature, pronounced porosity, large surface area, and superior thermal insulation properties, have diversified applications in thermal management, energy devices, and environmental remediation[1]. However, compared with monolithic ones, these fibershaped aerogels exhibit limited mechanical strength and resilience due to their one-dimensional small size.

关键词： strength fibers thermal

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长江上游总磷通量时空变化特征研究

环境科学与技术 2021年第5期44卷 179-185页

作者：李思璇宋瑞许全喜袁晶长江水利委员会水文局湖北武汉430010 长江水利委员会水文局汉江水文水资源勘测局湖北襄阳441022

磷是河流生态的重要限制因子,水库调度带来的下泄沙量减少、出库泥沙细化等效应将导致磷通量和输移过程改变,从而给长江上游流域水生态环境带来影响。该文基于水文-水质同步观测站点水文、泥沙及总磷长时间序列资料,系统分析溪洛渡、向... 详细信息

磷是河流生态的重要限制因子,水库调度带来的下泄沙量减少、出库泥沙细化等效应将导致磷通量和输移过程改变,从而给长江上游流域水生态环境带来影响。该文基于水文-水质同步观测站点水文、泥沙及总磷长时间序列资料,系统分析溪洛渡、向家坝水库蓄水运用前后长江上游磷通量时空变化特征,初步建立总磷通量变化与水沙条件的定量响应关系,明确重点支流入汇对干流磷污染的影响及贡献率。结果表明,长江上游磷通量沿程变化表现为向家坝至清溪场增加,后清溪场至万县有所减少,清溪场站为长江上游磷通量峰值所在站点。溪洛渡、向家坝蓄水运用后,长江上游水量相对稳定、沙量锐减,干流各站点磷通量多年均值呈减小态势,磷通量与输沙量存在较好的相关关系。支流岷江、嘉陵江、乌江入汇对干流磷污染影响相对较大,而横江贡献率较小,基本稳定在1%左右。

关键词：磷通量长江上游水库水沙变化

Skeletal interoception in osteoarthritis

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 241-254页

作者： Dinglong Yang Jiawen xu Ke xu Peng xu Department of Joint Surgery Honghui HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the *** its various forms,skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of ***(OA)is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage,subchondral bone,and *** subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint *** findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone,resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in *** skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in *** this review,we offer a general overview of interoception,specifically skeletal interoception,subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral *** also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA,as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.

关键词： homeostasis inflammation releasing

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下荆江急弯段凸冲凹淤演变过程与机理

科学通报 2022年第22期67卷 2672-2683页

作者：刘鑫夏军强邓珊珊周美蓉毛禹许全喜武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室武汉430072 长江水利委员会水文局武汉430010

三峡工程运用后,下荆江急弯河段出现凸冲凹淤的弯道演变现象,威胁防洪与航运安全.下荆江8个弯道为急弯(相对曲率B/R>0.5),6个急弯段的弯顶上游区域发生了明显的凸冲凹淤过程,且主要表现为凸岸边滩冲刷下切、河岸持续崩退,凹岸深槽回淤... 详细信息

三峡工程运用后,下荆江急弯河段出现凸冲凹淤的弯道演变现象,威胁防洪与航运安全.下荆江8个弯道为急弯(相对曲率B/R>0.5),6个急弯段的弯顶上游区域发生了明显的凸冲凹淤过程,且主要表现为凸岸边滩冲刷下切、河岸持续崩退,凹岸深槽回淤并形成长条形心滩,导致断面形态由不对称的三角形变为W形.本文采用水沙及实测流场资料,从水流流速重分布、来沙组成变化及河岸土体组成等3个方面研究了急弯段凸冲凹淤的演变机理.结果表明:(1)急弯段水流流速重分布规律有利于弯顶上游凸冲凹淤现象的形成,在弯顶上游段流速分布主要受曲率变化控制(贡献率占67%),导致主流长期偏靠并冲刷凸岸,凹岸流速较小且易形成水流分离区,利于泥沙落淤;(2)由于上游来沙量减少约82%,细沙比例减小,粗沙比例增加,导致弯顶上游凸岸边滩冲刷后,无法及时回淤,故凸岸边滩总体呈冲刷下切趋势,但粗沙可在流速较小的凹岸侧落淤形成心滩;(3)在凸冲凹淤过程长期作用下,河床横比降减小,曲率变化对流速横向分布的贡献率增大,主流继续向凸岸摆动,进一步促进了凸冲凹淤过程的发展.因此,在水沙条件相对稳定的情况下,下荆江急弯河段凸冲凹淤过程会继续发展,在没有限制的情况下,急弯段逐渐下移.

关键词：急弯河段凸冲凹淤流速重分布来沙条件下荆江