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Fast and Slow Responses of the North Pacific Mode Water and Subtropical Countercurrent to Global Warming

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2013年第2期12卷 216-221页

作者： xu lixiao XIE Shang-Ping LIU Qinyu Physical Oceanography Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and Climate in Universities of Shandong Ocean University of China Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0230USA International Pacific Research Center and Department of Meteorology University of HawaiiHonoluluHI 96822USA

Six coupled general circulation models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) are em-ployed for examining the full evolution of the North Pacific mode water and Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC) under global warming over 400 years following the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5. The mode water and STCC first show a sharp weakening trend when the radiative forcing increases, but then reverse to a slow strengthening trend of smaller magnitude after the radiative forcing is stablized. As the radiative forcing increases during the 21st century, the ocean warming is surface-intensified and decreases with depth, strengthening the upper ocean's stratification and becoming unfavorable for the mode water formation. Moving southward in the subtropical gyre, the shrinking mode water decelerates the STCC to the south. After the radiative forcing is stabilized in the 2070s, the subsequent warming is greater at the subsurface than at the sea surface, destabilizing the upper ocean and becoming favorable for the mode water formation. As a result, the mode water and STCC recover gradually after the radiative forc-ing is stabilized.

关键词：副热带逆流全球变暖北太平洋模态响应速度水辐射强迫耦合环流模式

Tropical Pacific Decadal Variability in Subsurface Temperature

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2012年第4期11卷 451-454页

作者： LIU Qinyu xu lixiao LU Jiuyou WANG Qi Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and Climate LaboratoryOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100P.R.China

The nature decadal variability of the equatorial Pacific subsurface temperature is examined in the control simulation with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory coupled model CM2.1.The dominant mode of the subsurface temperature variations in the equator Pacific features a 20-40 year period and is North-South asymmetric about the equator.Decadal variations of the thermocline are most pronounced in the southwest of the Tropical Pacific.Decadal variation of the north-south asymmetric Sea Surface wind in the tropical Pacific,especially in the South Pacific Convergence,is the dominant mechanism of the nature decadal variation of the subsurface temperature in the equatorial Pacific.

关键词：年代际变化次表层海温热带太平洋赤道太平洋地球物理流体力学实验室耦合模型控制模拟

Response of Mode Water and Subtropical Countercurrent to Greenhouse Gas and Aerosol Forcing in the North Pacific

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2013年第2期12卷 222-229页

作者： WANG Liyi LIU Qinyu xu lixiao XIE Shang-Ping Physical Oceanography Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and Climate in Universities of Shandong Ocean University of China Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0230USA

The response of the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water and Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC) to changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) and aerosol is investigated based on the 20th-century historical and single-forcing simulations with the Geo-physical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model version 3 (GFDL CM3). The aerosol effect causes sea surface temperature (SST) to decrease in the mid-latitude North Pacific, especially in the Kuroshio Extension region, during the past five decades (1950-2005), and this cooling effect exceeds the warming effect by the GHG increase. The STCC response to the GHG and aerosol forcing are opposite. In the GHG (aerosol) forcing run, the STCC decelerates (accelerates) due to the decreased (increased) mode waters in the North Pacific, resulting from a weaker (stronger) front in the mixed layer depth and decreased (increased) subduction in the mode water formation region. The aerosol effect on the SST, mode waters and STCC more than offsets the GHG effect. The response of SST in a zonal band around 40?N and the STCC to the combined forcing in the historical simulation is similar to the response to the aerosol forcing.

关键词：副热带逆流温室气体北太平洋气溶胶水域响应模式流强地球物理流体

蜡样芽孢杆菌对银鲑生长性能、血清生理生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力及肠道的组织结构影响

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水产学杂志 2024年第2期37卷 1-10页

作者：王佳婧覃诗君刘永强许剑童潼杨秋月徐粒潇张琴广西民族大学海洋与生物技术学院广西多糖材料与改性重点实验室广西海洋微生物资源产业化工程技术研究中心广西民族大学海洋生物资源保护与利用校级重点实验室广西南宁530006

在水温10~18℃下,将初始体质量(130.2±10.5)g的银鲑(Oncorhynchus kisutch)饲养在流水水泥池中1×1×0.8(m^(3))的网箱中,每箱20尾,投喂喷淋活蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)菌液的饲料,添加量分别为0 CFU/g(CK对照组)、8×10^(11)CFU/g(H组)、4×10^(9)CFU/g(M组)和2×10^(7)CFU/g(L组)6周,每组设3个重复,研究饲料中添加不同浓度的蜡样芽孢杆菌对银鲑生长性能、血清生理生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力以及肠道组织结构的影响。结果表明,投喂添加蜡样芽孢杆菌饲料的银鲑增重率(WGR)、肝体比(HSI)、存活率(SR)和特定生长率(SGR)均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。各实验组血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)与空白对照差异显著(P0.05),各实验组还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)较对照组显著增高(P0.05)。各实验组肠道肌层高度、绒毛长度、隐窝厚度较对照组均有提高,其中M组后肠各指标显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加4×109CFU/g蜡样芽孢杆菌可以促进银鲑的生长,改善血清生化指标,提高肝脏抗氧化能力,改善肠道健康。

关键词：银鲑益生菌蜡样芽孢杆菌生长指标抗氧化能力肠道健康

中学生物学教学论课程教学模式改革研究与实践——以德州学院为例

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凯里学院学报 2024年第3期42卷 104-109页

作者：李妍孙颖慧李学贵滕林宏刘文霞徐丽晓德州学院山东德州253023

结合德州学院学生从业技能的培养、就业素质的提高、课程思政在培养师范生以及师范生将其融入教学实践三个方面,依托线上线下混合方式,通过重构课程内容体系、充分应用信息技术、创新高效教学方法、全过程多层次多维度评价等途径,构建... 详细信息

结合德州学院学生从业技能的培养、就业素质的提高、课程思政在培养师范生以及师范生将其融入教学实践三个方面,依托线上线下混合方式,通过重构课程内容体系、充分应用信息技术、创新高效教学方法、全过程多层次多维度评价等途径,构建了可复制、可推广的教学模式,取得了良好的教学效果,对师范类专业的学科教学论和专业课的教学具有参考价值.

关键词：生物学教学论课程教学改革教学模式

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Changes in Mixed Layer Depth and Spring Bloom in the Kuroshio Extension under Global Warming

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第4期33卷 452-461页

作者： Ruosi ZHANG Shang-Ping XIE lixiao xu Qinyu LIU Physical Oceanography Laboratory Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and Climate in Universities of Shandong Ocean University of China Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego

The mixed layer is deep in January-April in the Kuroshio Extension region. This paper investigates the response in this region of mixed layer depth （MLD） and the spring bloom initiation to global warming using the output of 15 models from CMIP5. The models indicate that in the late 21st century the mixed layer will shoal and the MLD reduction will be most pronounced in spring at about 33~N on the southern edge of the present deep-MLD region. The advection of temperature change in the upper 100 m by the mean eastward flow explains the spatial pattern of MLD shoaling in the models. Associated with the shoaling mixed layer, the onset of spring bloom inception is projected to advance due to the strengthened stratification in the warming climate.

关键词： mixed layer depth global warming temperature advection spring bloom

核磁共振氢谱法测定注射用微球专用溶剂中硅油的含量

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山东化工 2024年第3期53卷 138-140,145页

作者：马佳慧夏昀卿沈莉薛英周凤梅刘万卉许丽晓烟台大学药学院新型制剂与生物技术药物研究山东省高校协同创新中心分子药理和药物评价教育部重点实验室(烟台大学) 山东烟台264005 山东绿叶制药有限公司先进药物递释系统全国重点实验室山东烟台264003

目的:建立测定注射用微球专用溶剂中硅油含量的定量核磁共振氢谱(qHNMR)法。方法:采用Bruker Avance NEO 600型核磁共振波谱仪测定核磁共振氢谱(^(1)H NMR),脉冲序列zg30,弛豫延迟时间15 s,采样次数16,测定温度25℃,以咖啡因为内标,不... 详细信息

目的:建立测定注射用微球专用溶剂中硅油含量的定量核磁共振氢谱(qHNMR)法。方法:采用Bruker Avance NEO 600型核磁共振波谱仪测定核磁共振氢谱(^(1)H NMR),脉冲序列zg30,弛豫延迟时间15 s,采样次数16,测定温度25℃,以咖啡因为内标,不加四甲基硅烷(TMS)的氘代氯仿为溶剂,对注射用微球专用溶剂中的硅油进行定量研究,以硅油定量峰与内标定量峰面积之比对其含量(μg)绘制标准曲线,计算注射用微球专用溶剂中硅油含量。结果:硅油含量在6~100μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9999,低、中、高浓度的平均回收率为97.8%(n=9),重复性RSD为9.8%。结论:该方法操作简单快捷、灵敏度高、结果准确,可用于注射用微球专用溶剂中硅油含量的测定。

关键词：定量核磁共振氢谱法注射用微球专用溶剂硅油含量测定标准曲线法

我国城市碳排放核算:国际统计标准测度与方法构建

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统计研究 2022年第7期39卷 12-30页

作者：徐丽笑王亚菲浙江财经大学北京师范大学

已有的城市碳排放核算研究基于核算实践工作,主要从碳排放源与碳排放活动(即碳排放责任分摊)等基于碳自身特点的角度对城市尺度的碳排放进行核算,然而基于国际统计标准的核算框架阐释存在明显的滞后性,使得一系列城市碳排放核算问题阻... 详细信息

已有的城市碳排放核算研究基于核算实践工作,主要从碳排放源与碳排放活动(即碳排放责任分摊)等基于碳自身特点的角度对城市尺度的碳排放进行核算,然而基于国际统计标准的核算框架阐释存在明显的滞后性,使得一系列城市碳排放核算问题阻碍了城市低碳发展规划。因此,本文拟从核算角度出发,以国际标准的相关理论为指导,结合现有的城市碳排放核算标准和我国城市特征,对城市碳排放核算进行研究,明确城市碳排放核算的基本要素、分类和基本框架等,并给出具体的京津冀地区14个城市核算实例。本文认为城市人为碳排放与人类经济活动密不可分,城市碳排放核算工作应围绕经济活动(生产活动与消费活动)展开。同时,核算应以“经济领土”与“常住性”为核算原则,以《国民经济行业分类》为核算分类,以不同的经济活动主体及其相应的经济活动为核算基础,以投入产出模型为方法构建城市碳排放核算框架。此外,本文给出京津冀地区14个城市的碳排放核算实例,通过分部门数据识别各城市不同经济活动下的关键部门,如电力、热力的生产和供应业;通过区分来源地追溯京津冀地区14个城市消费排放与收入排放的主要产生地,为促进地区协同减排提供数据支持。

关键词：城市碳排放核算经济活动投入产出模型国民账户体系环境经济核算体系中心框架

Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by humans.To understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were investigated.These rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global average.The δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,respectively.The end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate gradients.Multiple isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid environment.Based on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely exposed.While the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier environment.Besides,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China