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Perspective on liquid metal enabled space science and technology

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第7期63卷 1127-1140页

作者： ZHANG xu-Dong LIU jing Beijing Key Lab of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

With the rapid development of deep space exploration and commercial flight, a series of tough scientific and technological challenges were raised, which urgently require ever advanced technologies to tackle with. Recently, liquid metals, as a kind of newly emerging functional material, are attracting various attention and many breakthroughs have been made on earth. Such a scientific trend also suggests promising approaches for solving those extreme challenges in space environment. To fulfill the increasing needs thus involved, this article is dedicated to systematically introducing liquid metal material and its related disciplines into space science and technology. Firstly, existing application of liquid metal cooling for space nuclear power was summarized. Then, some potential space practices were tentatively put forward, such as liquid metal thermal interface medium,liquid metal phase change material, liquid metal convection cooling, metal alloy thermal storage, liquid metal electromagnetic shielding and liquid metal electronic printing. Fundamental as well as practical issues that would differ with earth were interpreted. Finally, potential liquid metal space experiments were proposed to investigate the liquid metal hydrodynamic characteristic, wettability and phase change mechanism in space physical environment. Overall, liquid metal enabled space science and technology investigation will not only help efficiently solve the current and future space technological problems, but also aid to stimulate the advancement of liquid metal space material science.

关键词： liquid metal space science and technology space nuclear power thermal management electromagnetic shielding electronic printing hydrodynamic characteristics

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Multiple detection of 15 triazine herbicides by gold nanoparticle based-paper sensor

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5483-5491页

作者： Lingling Guo Xinxin xu jing Zhao Shudong Hu Liguang xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Department of Radiology Affiliated HospitalJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Triazine herbicides have been widely used in agriculture,but their residues can harm the environment and human health.To help monitor these,we have developed an effective immunochromatographic strip test that can simultaneously detect 15 different triazines in grain samples(including ametryn,cyprazine,atraton,prometon,prometryn,atrazine,propazine,terbuthylazine,simetryn,trietazine,secbumeton,simazine,desmetryn,terbumeton and simetone).Based on our optimization procedure,the visual limit of detection(vLOD)for these triazines was found to be 2–10 ng/mL in assay buffer,and 0.02–0.1 mg/kg in grain samples.Four different grain matrices including corn,brown rice,wheat,and sorghum were studied and the test results showed no significant differences between the 15 triazines analyzed using this method.This test is simple,convenient,rapid,and low-cost,and could be an effective tool for primary screening of triazine residues in grain samples.

关键词： triazine herbicides immunochromatographic strip gold nanoparticles grain

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Asenic removal from groundwater using granular chitosan-titanium adsorbent

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第2期34卷 202-209页

作者： Zuben xu Yaqin Yu Li Yan Wei Yan Chuanyong jing State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Arsenic(As)contamination poses an urgent environmental risk,and its removal from groundwater remains a challenge due to the lack of efficient adsorbents.Herein,a novel granular chitosan-titanium(CS-Ti)adsorbent was fabricated by the sol-gel method.Batch experiments show that As(V)adsorption on CS-Ti followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model,and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Freundlich model with the correlation coefficient of 0.99.In situ FTIR spectra revealed that the CS-Ti adsorbent was composed of amorphous TiO_(x) and chitosan by forming C-O-Ti and N-Ti bonds,and the amorphous TiO_(x) was responsible for As(V)adsorption.Rapid small-scale column tests show that 165.6μg/L of As in groundwater were effectively removed in approximately 126-bed volumes,and the spent adsorbents were regenerated with 0.01 mol/L Na OH and maintained the adsorption efficiency after four cycles.This study provides a simple and practical route to fabricate adsorbents for water treatment.

关键词： Arsenic Chitosan Titanium Groundwater Adsorption

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Knowledge about, attitude and acceptance towards, and predictors of intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among cancer patients in Eastern China: A cross-sectional survey

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第1期20卷 34-44页

作者： jing Hong Xiao-wan xu jing Yang jing Zheng Shu-mei Dai Ju Zhou Qing-mei Zhang Yi Ruan Chang-quan Ling School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Integrative Oncology Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Oncology The Fint Affiliated HospitalBengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233010Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Nursing Fuyang Cancer HospitalFuyang 236000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation Shanghai First Rehabilitation HospitalShanghai 200090China Department of Radiation Oncology Anhui Chest HospitalHefei 230022Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Chaohu HospitalAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 238000Anhui ProvinceChina

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has had a serious impact on health all over the world. Cancer patient, whose immunity is often compromised, faces a huge challenge.Currently, some COVID-19 vaccines are being developed and applied on general population;however,whether cancer patients should take COVID-19 vaccine remains unknown. Our study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, acceptance, and predictors of intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among cancer patients in Eastern China.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Eastern China from June 17 th to September 3 rd, 2021.Patients were selected using a convenience sampling method. A self-report questionnaire was developed to assess knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine, attitude towards the vaccine and acceptance of the vaccine;following a review of similar studies previously published in the scientific literature, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.Results: A total of 2158 cancer patients were enrolled in this study. The rate of vaccine hesitancy was 24.05%(519/2158);further, among the participants of vaccine acceptance, 767 had taken COVID-19 vaccine(35.54%), and 872 were willing to get vaccinated(40.01%). A total of 24 variables including demographic characteristics, clinical status of cancer, impact of COVID-19 pandemic on study participants,patients’ knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine, and attitude towards the vaccine, had significant differences between the ‘‘vaccine hesitancy" population and ‘‘vaccine acceptance" population.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that parameters including alcohol consumption(odds ratio [OR] = 1.849;95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.375–2.488;P-reference [P-Ref] < 0.001 vs nondrinkers), income impacted by COVID-19 pandemic(OR = 1.930, 2.037 and 2.688 for mild, moderate,and severe impact, respectively;all P-Ref < 0.01 vs no impact), knowledge of how the vaccine was developed(OR = 1.61

关键词： COVID-19 Cancer Vaccine Knowledge Attitude Predictors Intention Vaccine hesitancy

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Metal-based direct hydrogen generation as unconventional high density energy

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Frontiers in Energy 2019年第1期13卷 27-53页

作者： Shuo xu jing LIU Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Metals are unconventional hydrogen production materials which are of high energy densities.This paper comprehensively reviewed and digested the latest researches of the mctal-bascd direct hydrogen generation and the unconventional energy utilization ways thus enabled.According to the metal activities,the reaction conditions of metals were generalized into three categories.The first ones refer to those which would violently react with water at ambient temperature.The second ones start to react with water after certain pretreatments.The third ones can only react with steam under somewhat harsh conditions.To interpret the metal-water reaction mechanisms at the molecular scale,the molecule dynamics simulation and computational quantum chemistry were introduced as representative theoretical analytical tools.Besides,the state-of-the-art of the metal-water reaction was presented with several ordinary metals as illustration examples,including the material treatment technologies and the evaluations of hydrogen evolution performances.Moreover,the energy capacities of various metals were summarized,and the application potentials of the metalbased direct hydrogen production approach were explored.Furthermore,the challenges lying behind this unconventional hydrogen generation method and energy strategy were raised,which outlined promising directions worth of further endeavors.Overall,active metals like Na and K are appropriate for rapid hydrogen production occasions.Of these metals discussed,Al,Mg and their alloys offer the most promising hydrogen generation route for clean and efficient propulsion and real-time power source.In the long rnn,there exists plenty of space for developing future energy technology along this direction.

关键词： metal hydrogen generation hydrolysis metal water reaction clean energy

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Impact of Different AC Voltage Control Modes of Wind-farm-side MMC on Stability of MMC-HVDC with Offshore Wind Farms

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第5期11卷 1687-1699页

作者： Hongfei Lin Tao xue jing Lyu xu Cai Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion Ministry of EducationDepartment of Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Wind-farm-side modular multilevel converters(WFMMCs) used in modular multilevel converter based highvoltage direct current(MMC-HVDC) transmission systems must be able to control the AC grid voltage in offshore wind farms. Different AC voltage control strategies can significantly affect the dynamic characteristics of WFMMCs. However, existing studies have not provided a general methodology of controller parameter design, and few comparative studies have been conducted on control performance under varying operating conditions as well as the effects of different AC voltage control modes(AVCMs) on the stability of MMC-HVDCs with offshore wind farms. This paper provides a controller parameter design method for AVCMs, which is tested in various operating scenarios. Sequence impedance models of offshore wind farms and WFMMCs under different AVCMs are then developed. The effects of AVCMs on the small-signal stability of the interconnected system are then analyzed and compared using the impedance-based method. Finally, case studies are conducted on a practical MMC-HVDC system with offshore wind farms to verify the theoretical analysis.

关键词： Offshore wind farm modular multilevel converter based high-voltage direct current(MMC-HVDC) AC voltage control stability dynamic response

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Investigating core axial power distribution with multiconcentration gadolinium in PWR

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第11期33卷 22-32页

作者： jing-Gang Li jing-Han Peng Chao Wang Jun Chen Fei xu Yun-Fan Ma China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Shenzhen 518000China

Core axial power distribution is an essential topic in pressurized water reactor(PWR)reactivity control.Traditional PWRs limit stability against axial core power oscillations at a high-cycle burnup.Because the‘‘camel’’peak power shape typically occurs with increasing depletion,the approaches used for the axial power control deserve special attention.This study aims to investigate the performance of different gadolinium rod design schemes in core axial power control during power operation based on the reactivity balance strategy,and to propose new multiconcentration gadolinium rod design schemes.In the new design schemes,low-concentration gadolinium pellets are filled in the axial hump part of the gadolinium rod,and high-concentration gadolinium pellets are filled in the other parts.The impact of different gadolinium rod design schemes on the main core characteristics was evaluated using the nuclear design code package PCM developed by CGN.The results show that the new gadolinium rod design significantly impacts the core axial power shape.The new design schemes can efficiently improve the core axial power distribution along the entire cycle by reducing the core axial power peak at the end of a cycle,enhancing the reactor operation stability,and achieving a better core safety margin,revealing a sizeable potential application.

关键词： Gadolinium PCM software package Fuel assembly Core axial power distribution Reactivity

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TRAF7 negatively regulates the RLR signaling pathway by facilitating the K48-linked ubiquitination of TBK1

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第3期38卷 419-428页

作者： jing-Ping Huang Ya-Xian Yang Tian Chen Dan-Dan Wang jing Li Liang-Guo xu College of Life Science Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330022China

TANK-binding kinase 1(TBK1)is a nodal protein involved in multiple signal transduction pathways.In RNA virus-mediated innate immunity,TBK1 is recruited to the prion-like platform formed by MAVS and subsequently activates the transcription factors IRF3/7 and NF-κB to produce type I interferon(IFN)and proinflammatory cytokines for the signaling cascade.In this study,TRAF7 was identified as a negative regulator of innate immune signaling.TRAF7 interacts with TBK1 and promotes K48-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of TBK1 through its RING domain,impairing the activation of IRF3 and the production of IFN-β.In addition,we found that the conserved cysteine residues at position 131 of TRAF7 are necessary for its function toward TBK1.Knockout of TRAF7 could facilitate the activation of IRF3 and increase the transcript levels of downstream antiviral genes.These data suggest that TRAF7 negatively regulates innate antiviral immunity by promoting the K48-linked ubiquitination of TBK1.

关键词： TANK-Binding kinase 1(TBK1) Type I interferon TRAF7 Ubiquitination Innate immunity

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Clinical characteristics of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第3期134卷 353-355页

作者： Cheng-Ying Kong Jun Zhu jing-jing Lu Zhi-Hao xu Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The Fourth Afﬁliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineYiwuZhejiang 322000China

Psittacosis is a zoonosis caused by Chlamydia psittaci,a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium.This condition is caused by the ingestion of contaminated fecal matter and nasal secretions from infected birds.The severity of human psittacosis varies from mildﬂu-like symptoms to life-threatening severe pneumonia.[1]Given that C.psittaci is not a part of the traditional microbiological diagnosis’human psittacosis is often underreported,misdiagnosed,and inadequately diagnosed.In this study,the clinical data of C.psittaci pneumonia patients were retrospectively analyzed.

关键词： pneumonia diagnosis Chlamydia

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Biodegradable implants based on photo-cross-linked aliphatic polycarbonates for long-acting contraception

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第25期156卷 129-141页

作者： Zhipeng Hou Wei xu Siwen Chen jing Guo Peng Li Jianshe Hu Liqun Yang jing Chen Center for Molecular Science and Engineering College of ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics (China Medical University) Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning (The Reproductive Hospital of China Medical University)Shenyang 110031China Department of Biomaterials Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004China

In this study,a new class of biodegradable contraceptive implants was prepared via the UV irradiation molding method,among which,progestin levonorgestrel(LNG)was used as a model drug.Photo-cross-linked aliphatic polycarbonates(APCs),namely,poly(trimethylene carbonate-co-2,2′-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate)[P(TMC-co-DTC)]elastomers,were used as the drug delivery matrix.The results obtained from the degradation experiments carried out in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats showed that the cross-linked elastomer had the degradation characteristics of the surface erosion degradation mechanism,with no generation of acid degradation products,and excellent form-stability,which met the performance requirements of the matrix for a long-acting sustained-release delivery system.The in vitro cytotoxicity tests and histological and immunohistochemical evaluations showed good biocompatibility and biosafety of the elastomer matrix material and contraceptive implants.Subsequently,the implant formulations were screened by in vitro release experiments,and their release kinetics were explored.Finally,in the evaluation study of the in vivo anti-fertility effect,the implants exhibited excellent dimensional stability and were degraded by a surface erosion mechanism.LNG achieved a stable and sustained release in female SD rats,maintaining a long-acting contraceptive duration of up to 4 months.The contraceptive implants obtained in this study could be used to address the limitations of currently available formulations,which required secondary surgical removal and a single means of regulating drug release kinetics.Therefore,these implants could provide a new option for birth control needs and may be of significance in reducing the incidence of induced abortion and protecting female fertility.

关键词： Aliphatic polycarbonates Photo-cross-linked Levonorgestrel Contraceptive implants Anti-fertility effects Sustained-release

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