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Understanding livestock production and sustainability of grassland ecosystems in the Asian Dryland Belt

Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 225-234页

作者： Jiaguo Qi xiaoping xin Ranjeet John Pavel Groisman Jiquan Chen Department of Geography Environmentand Spatial Sciences and Center for Global Change and Earth ObservationsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences BeijingChina University Corp.for Atmospheric Research NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information AshevilleNCUSA Zhejiang University HangzhouChina

Background:Companioned by economic development,a dietary shift toward higher meat consumption is seen in developing countries and transitional economies,where the demand for livestock production has been increasing in response to such a dietary *** the Asian Dryland Belt,approaches to meet this demand have focused on grazing intensification,cropland conversion for animal feed,and supplemental *** the scarcity of water,energy,and food in the region,a key question is whether or not the current approaches are *** not,what are the pathways to increase livestock production while protecting the region’s environment for a sustainable future?We provide our reviews and discuss current approaches in response to these dietary shifts and assess their environmental resilience with a focus on the grassland ecosystems in the Asian Dryland ***:While current approaches alleviate the urgent need for short-term livestock production,they lead to longterm vulnerability in food ***-offs between short gains and long-term losses,between food for humans and for animals,and between agricultural intensification and environmental degradation need to be holistically examined for the sustainable development of the region.A grassland water,energy,and food nexus framework is proposed with specific recommendations to increase livestock production while considering other ecosystem services of the dryland grassland ecosystems in the Asian Dryland ***:Current practices to increase livestock production are likely to lead to long-term,large-scale ecological degradation of the grassland ecosystems in the Asian Dryland Belt and are thus *** considering the trade-offs in the nexus of water,land,food,and livelihoods,sustainable pathways were articulated and *** pilot studies are needed for validation and adoption.

关键词： Dietary shift Livestock production Sustainability Grassland WEF nexus Drylands

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Litter mixing significantly affects decomposition in the Hulun Buir meadow steppe of Inner Mongolia, China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第1期7卷 59-67页

作者： Caihong Zhang Shenggong Li Leiming Zhang xiaoping xin xingren Liu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesDatun Road 11AChaoyangBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Aims We explored the decomposition rates of single-and mixed-species litter,the litter-mixing effect and the effect of component litters in a mixture on *** In a litter bag experiment,shoot litters from two dominant grasses(Leymus chinensis and Stipa baicalensis)and one legume(Melissitus ruthenica)were decomposed separately and as a mixture from May 2010 to September 2011 in the Hulun Buir meadow steppe of Inner Mongolia,*** separated the litter mixture into its individual component litters(*** different single-species litters)and analyzed the changes in litter mass remaining and litter nitrogen(N)remaining during single-and mixed-species litter *** Findings(i)Litter mixing had significant positive effects on litter *** litter-mixing effect was strongest for the mixture of *** and *** litters,followed by the mixture of *** and *** litters.(ii)Single-species component litters decomposed faster in the mixtures than separately(positive effect),but these effects were not significant for legume species *** *** to single-species litter decomposition,the decomposition rates of the two grass(*** and ***)litters significantly increased when they were mixed with each other or with *** litter.(iii)For each species litter type,the percentage of litter N remaining during decomposition(NR)differed between the single-species litter and mixed litter *** NR of *** litter was higher when it was decomposed in the mixture than in ***,the NR of *** litter was lowest in its mixture with *** among the *** of its decomposition in the mixture or in isolation,the NR of *** litter varied little among *** was a significant positive relationship between the NR and percentage of initial litter mass remaining in both the single litter and mixed litter ***

关键词： non-additive effect interaction strength single litter mixed litter nutrient concentration

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Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Nitri?cation in a Highly Acidic Subtropical Pine Forest Soil

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Pedosphere 2016年第6期26卷 904-910页

作者： FAEFLEN J.Sarwee LI Shiwei xin xiaoping Alan L.WRIGHT JIANG Xianjun College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715(China) Everglades Research&Education Center University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA)

The occurrence of nitri?cation in some acidic forest soils is still a subject of ***?cation of main nitri?cation pathways in acidic forest soils is still largely *** yellow soil(Oxisol) samples were selected to test whether nitri?cation can occur or not in acidic subtropical pine forest *** contributions of autotrophs and heterotrophs to nitri?cation were studied by adding selective nitri?cation inhibitor *** NH^+_4-N concentrations decreased,but NO^-_3-N concentrations increased signi?cantly for the no-nitrapyrin control during the ?rst week of incubation,indicating that nitri?cation did occur in the acidic subtropical *** calculated net nitri?cation rate was 0.49 mg N kg^(-1)d^(-1)for the no-nitrapyrin control during the ?rst week of *** amendment resulted in a signi?cant reduction of NO^-_3-N *** nitri?cation rate averaged0.28 mg N kg^(-1)d^(-1)and the heterotrophic nitri?cation rate was 0.21 mg N kg^(-1)d^(-1)in the ?rst ***-oxidizing bacteria(AOB) abundance increased slightly during incubation,but nitrapyrin amendment signi?cantly decreased AOB amo A gene copy numbers by about 80%.However,the ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA) abundance showed signi?cant increases only in the last 2weeks of incubation and it was also decreased by nitrapyrin *** results indicated that nitri?cation did occur in the present acidic subtropical pine forest soil,and autotrophic nitri?cation was the main nitri?cation *** AOA and AOB were the active biotic agents responsible for autotrophic nitri?cation in the acidic subtropical pine forest soil.

关键词： acidic yellow soil ammonia-oxidizing archaea ammonia-oxidizing bacteria net nitrification rate nitrapyrin nitrification inhibitor

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Attribution of explanatory factors for change in soil organic carbon density in the native grasslands of Inner Mongolia,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第3期10卷 375-387页

作者： JIN Dongyan Phil J MURRAY xin xiaoping QIN Yifei CHEN Baorui QING Gele ZHANG Zhao YAN Ruirui Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems Rothamsted Research North Wyke Department of Grassland Ecology and Animal Husbandry Xilingol Vocational College

The variation in soil organic carbon density（SOCD） has been widely documented at various spatial and temporal scales. However, an accurate method for examining the attribution of explanatory factors for change in SOCD is still lacking. This study aims to attribute and quantify the key climatic factors, anthropogenic activities, and soil properties associated with SOCD change in the native grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China, by comparing data between the 1960s and the 2010s. In 2007 and 2011, we resampled 142 soil profiles which were originally sampled during 1963–1964 in the native grasslands of Inner Mongolia. SOCD was determined in A horizon（eluvial horizon） of the soil. We selected the explanatory factors based on a random forest method, and explored the relationships between SOCD change and each of the explanatory factors using a linear mixed model. Our results indicated that the change in SOCD varied from the east to the west of Inner Mongolia, and SOCD was 18% lower in the 2010s than in the 1960s. The lower SOCD in the 2010s may primarily be attributed to the increasing in mean annual water surface evaporation, which explained approximately 10% and 50% of the total variation and explainable variation in the change in SOCD, respectively. The sand content of the soil is also a significant explanatory factor for the decrease in SOCD, which explained about 4% and 21% of the total variation and explainable variation in the change in SOCD, respectively. Furthermore, the collection of quantitative information on grazing frequency and duration may also help to improve our understanding of the anthropogenic factors that govern the change in SOCD.

关键词： soil organic carbon climate change soil texture mixed linear model effect isolation native grasslands

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Managed grassland alters soil N dynamics and N2O emissions in temperate steppe

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 20-30页

作者： Lijun Xu xingliang Xu Xuejuan Tang xiaoping xin Liming Ye Guixia Yang Huajun Tang Shijie Lv Dawei Xu Zhao Zhang Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of ChineseAcademy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100081 China Department of Geology (WE13) Ghent University 9000 Gent Belgium Science College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010018 China

Reclamation of degraded grasslands as managed grasslands has been increasingly accelerated in recent years in China. Land use change affects soil nitrogen（N） dynamics and nitrous oxide（N2O） emissions. However, it remains unclear how large-scale grassland reclamation will impact the grassland ecosystem as a whole. Here, we investigated the effects of the conversion from native to managed grasslands on soil N dynamics and N2O emissions by field experiments in Hulunber in northern China. Soil（0-10 cm）, nitrate（NO3-）,ammonium（NH4＋）, and microbial N were measured in plots in a temperate steppe（Leymus chinensis grassland） and two managed grasslands（Medicago sativa and Bromus inermis grasslands） in 2011 and 2012. The results showed conversion of L. chinensis grassland to *** or B. inermis grasslands decreased concentrations of NO3--N, but did not change NH4-N . Soil microbial N was slightly decreased by the conversion of L. chinensis grassland to ***, but increased by the conversion to B. inermis. The conversion of L. chinensis grassland to M. sativa（i.e., a legume grass） increased N2O emissions by 26.2%, while the conversion to the B. inermis（i.e., a non-legume grass） reduced N2O emissions by 33.1%. The conversion from native to managed grasslands caused large created variations in soil NO3-＋-N and NH4-N concentrations. Net N mineralization rates did not change significantly in growing season or vegetation type, but to net nitrification rate. These results provide evidence on how reclamation may impact the grassland ecosystem in terms of N dynamics and N2O emissions.

关键词： Temperate steppe Managed grassland Land use Nitrogen mobility N2O emissions

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Comparative study on the hydrogen storage performance of as-milled MgRENi rapid quenched alloy catalyzed by metal sulfides

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2010-2023页

作者： xiaoping Dong Zhaoqing Zhang Liying Yang Shenghai xin Dandan Su Zhiyuan Li Department of Mechanical Design and Manufacture and Automation Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000PR China Baoding New Energy Vehicle Power Engineering Technology Research Center Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002PR China Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Lightweight of New Energy Vehicle Power System(Preparation) Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002PR China

The composites of Mg_(20)Pr_(1)Sm_(3)Y_(1)Ni_(10)as-quenched alloy and 3 wt.%M(M=CoS,CoS_(2),MoS_(2))catalyst were prepared by high-speed vibration ball *** effects of metal sulfides on the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation dynamics of alloys were *** results show that the as-milled composites contain a large number of amorphous embedded by a small amount of nanocrystals,and there are many point *** ball milling,the crystal grain size in the composites containing CoS is relatively larger,followed by CoS_(2)and MoS_(2)*** hydrogenation,the amorphous phase is crystallized to form Mg_(2)NiH_(4),YH_(3),Pr_(8)H_(18.96),Sm_(3)H_7,Mg,Co or Mo phases,however,Mg_(2)Ni,YH_(2),PrH_(2)and Ni_(3)Y phases appeared after *** maximum hydrogenation capacity of the composites containing CoS,CoS_(2)and MoS_(2)are 3.939,4.265 and 4.507 wt.%,*** hydrogenation saturation ratio of composite containing MoS_(2)is higher than that of the composites containing CoS and CoS_(2).The dehydrogenation activation energy of the composites containing CoS,CoS_(2)and MoS_(2)is 107.76,68.43 and 63.28 ***^(-1).H_(2).On the improvement of hydrogen storage performance of Mg_(20)Pr_(1)Sm_(3)Y_(1)Ni_(10)alloy,the catalytic effect of MoS_(2)sulfide is better than that of CoS_(2)sulfide,and which is better than CoS sulfide.

关键词： Mg_(20)Pr_(1)Sm_(3)Y_(1)Ni_(10)as-quenched alloy CoS CoS_(2)and MoS_(2)sulfide Milling Activation energy Hydrogen storage dynamics

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Fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-glucan ameliorates concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2102-2115页

作者： xin Hu Dan Cheng Yingxia Zhang Po Li xiaoping Wu Junsheng Fu College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Mycological Research Center Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Shanghai Lithy One-Health Group Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200235China

Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a chronic inflammatory liver disease that threatens human health *** aim of this study was to detect the protective effect of a fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-glucan(FLA),in a concanavalin A(Con A)-induced AIH mouse model and to determine the underlying liver-protective *** results showed that compared with the model group,the level of proinflammatory cytokines in serum of FLA pretreated mice was significantly decreased,and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in liver,thymus and spleen was significantly *** polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and Western blotting showed that FLA pre-treatment inhibited the Con A-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes by down-regulating the expression of BAX and up-regulating the expression of *** research found that FLA may improve liver injury in mice by activating NRF2 signaling pathway and inhibiting TRAF6/NF-κB signaling ***,FLA may improve liver injury in mice by shifting gut microbial composition to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and prevent the necrosis of ***-regulation of NRF2 signaling pathway,down-regulation of TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway,and an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus_johnsonii and Ligilactobacillus_murinus play a protective role in liver.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Concanavalin A Lentinus edodes TRAF6/NF-κB NRF2

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Water quality and habitat drive phytoplankton taxonomic and functional group patterns in the Yangtze River

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 144-158页

作者： Wenqi Gao Fangyuan Xiong Ying Lu Wei xin Haihua Wang Gangpeng Feng Chiping Kong Lei Fang xiaoping Gao Yushun Chen State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangxi Institute for Fisheries Sciences Poyang Lake Fisheries Research Centre of Jiangxi Province East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Jiujiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences

Background Although phytoplankton are important primary producers in food webs, they are relatively less studied in large rivers compared to other types of systems. To fill this research gap, we studied phytoplankton taxonomic and functional composition and their relationships with water quality, habitat, climate, and land use across 30 river sections in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during 2017–*** Major observed phytoplankton groups were cyanobacteria, bacillariophyta, and chlorophyta. Phytoplankton total abundance, total biomass, and species richness significantly decreased in the dry season compared to the wet season, with the species and functional composition differing significantly between seasons. Phytoplankton species differences between seasons were mainly contributed by Oscillatoria sp., Pseudanabaena sp., and Melosira granulata. The dfferences in phytoplankton functional groups between seasons were mainly contributed by P（including Closterium sp., Melosira sp.）, Lo（including Merismopedia sp., Peridinium sp., Ceratium sp., and Gymnodinium sp.）, and J（including Pediastrum sp., Tetraedron sp., Crucigenia sp., Scenedesmus sp., and Coelastrum sp.）. The variance partitioning showed that water quality（NO3-N, total suspended solids, turbidity） and habitat（water flow, river bank and river channel conditions） were critical factors in shaping phytoplankton patterns, followed by climate and land *** Results indicated that there was significant seasonal variation of phytoplankton in the Yangtze River, with water quality and habitat primarily driving phytoplankton patterns. Our study contributes to the understanding of natural and anthropogenic factors that drive seasonal successional processes of phytoplankton in the Yangtze River. These findings have important implications for environmental management as well as towards the ecological restoration of large rivers.

关键词： Yangtze River Phytoplankton Functional group Water quality Physical habitat

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基于TVDI的内蒙古草地干旱变化特征分析

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中国农业科学 2020年第13期53卷 2728-2742页

作者：程伟辛晓平中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/呼伦贝尔草原生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站

【目的】研究内蒙古草地2000—2017年温度植被干旱指数(TVDI)的时空演变特征,并探讨其与气象因子的关系,以期为研究区的生态预警和生态修复提供理论参考。【方法】基于MODIS增强型植被指数(EVI)和陆地表面温度(LST)产品构建Ts-EVI特征空... 详细信息

【目的】研究内蒙古草地2000—2017年温度植被干旱指数(TVDI)的时空演变特征,并探讨其与气象因子的关系,以期为研究区的生态预警和生态修复提供理论参考。【方法】基于MODIS增强型植被指数(EVI)和陆地表面温度(LST)产品构建Ts-EVI特征空间,根据该特征空间计算TVDI,对多年TVDI均值采用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验等方法来研究干旱的空间分布特征、时间变化特征及时空演变趋势。【结果】从整体上看,内蒙古草地多年平均干旱程度西南高东北低,各草地类型年均TVDI大小依次为温性荒漠类>温性草原化荒漠类>温性荒漠草原类>沼泽>温性草原类>温性草甸草原类>低地草甸>山地草甸。其中荒漠型草地(温性荒漠类、温性草原化荒漠类和温性荒漠草原类)主要为重度和轻度干旱状态,非荒漠型草地(温性草原类、温性草甸草原类、低地草甸类、山地草甸类和沼泽类)主要为轻度干旱、正常和轻度湿润状态。18年来荒漠型草地整体在缓慢变干;而非荒漠型草地除温性草原类外基本在缓慢变湿。从空间分布上,三类荒漠型草地干旱程度保持稳定以及具有变干趋势(轻微变干、变干、显著变干)的面积比之和分别为44.93%、55.01%;五类非荒漠型草地干旱程度保持稳定以及具有变湿趋势(轻微变湿、变湿、显著变湿)的面积比之和分别为72.19%、24.27%。【结论】18年来,荒漠型草地的干旱情况主要为保持稳定和持续变干状态,并且持续变干的区域较多,草地生态环境在持续恶化;非荒漠型草地干旱情况主要为保持稳定状态,少部分面积具有变湿趋势,草地生态环境在稳定好转。此外,降水稀少对非荒漠型草地的干旱程度具有显著性影响,但对荒漠型草地的影响并不显著。温度升高则仅对温性草原类以及温性草原化荒漠类的干旱程度具有显著影响。

关键词：温度植被干旱指数遥感时空特征内蒙古草地类型

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Influences of various grazing systems on community biomass of a desert grassland in Inner Mongolia,China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2012年第4期4卷 303-309页

作者： RuiRui Yan xiaoping xin ZhiJun Wei ShiMin Liu Jing Yang GuiXia Yang . Rangeland Ecology Hulunbeir Grassland Ecosystem Research Station Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street Beijing 100081 China Rangeland Ecology Department of Grassland Science College of Ecological and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Agricultural University. No. 306 Zhaowuda Road Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010018 China Animal Nutrition Specialist Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences The University of Western Australia. 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia

This study investigated the effects of various grazing systems, including continuous grazing, rotational grazing, and no-grazing systems, on the community biomass in the Stipa breviflora Griseb desert grassland during the grazing seasons in 2005, 2006, and 2007, based on study sites established in 1999. We found that the seasonal dynamics of the aboveground biomass were quite similar among the three treatments, which reached peak values in period from August to September during each study year. The continuous grazing system reduced the aboveground biomass from 2005 to 2007 under drought conditions, and the rotational grazing and no-grazing systems maintained more aboveground biomass than the continuous grazing system did. The belowground biomass declined with the increase of soil depth among the three treatments, and in the surface 20-cm soil layer it accounted for more than 60% of the total biomass. The belowground biomass was found to be highly correlated with soil depth under rotational grazing. The total belowground biomass within the 0--100-cm soil layer for rotational grazing was sig- nificantly higher than for continuous grazing and no-grazing, and had 15,775 kg/ha more biomass. Our results demonstrate that conservative rotational grazing can alleviate grassland deterioration by reserving more aboveground and belowground biomass than the continuous grazing system does.

关键词： continuous grazing rotational grazing aboveground biomass belowground biomass Stipa breviJlora Griseb

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