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适变与应变:“十五五”时期人口发展规划的新格局、新挑战及其实践路径

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河北学刊 2025年第1期45卷 130-139页

作者：陆杰华冯雨欣北京大学中国社会与发展研究中心北京大学社会学系

“十五五”时期是中国基本实现社会主义现代化承上启下的关键时期,同时也是人口发展深度转型的重要节点。“十五五”人口发展规划的制定必须准确识别人口规模、结构、素质、分布等要素呈现的趋势性变化,及时把握当前人口发展的潜在机遇... 详细信息

“十五五”时期是中国基本实现社会主义现代化承上启下的关键时期,同时也是人口发展深度转型的重要节点。“十五五”人口发展规划的制定必须准确识别人口规模、结构、素质、分布等要素呈现的趋势性变化,及时把握当前人口发展的潜在机遇和堵点难点,根据人口发展新格局适时调整应变思路,不断推进人口自身均衡发展,以及人口与经济社会、资源环境的协调发展。从长远来看,人口发展规划的制定还需要纵向锚定人口高质量发展的战略目标,形成应对未来人口发展新变化的超前预案。

关键词： “十五五” 人口发展规划人口高质量发展适变与应变

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突尼斯软籽石榴在张家界地区的种植表现

湖南农业科学 2016年第2期 83-84,87页

作者：孔佑涵谢新华欧志宏李先信杨辉学苑平湖南省园艺研究所湖南长沙410125 国家农业部华中地区果树科学观测站湖南长沙410125 长沙时鲜水果工程技术研究中心湖南长沙410125 张家界市永定区科技局湖南张家界427000 张家界市榴园家庭农场湖南张家界427000

突尼斯软籽石榴是优良的鲜食石榴品种,在张家界地区进行了引种试种工作。试验结果表明,突尼斯软籽石榴在该地区全年植株生育期约240 d,一般于3月底开始萌芽,4月展叶现蕾,5~6月份开花,7月初左右生理落果,9~10月果实开始着色、成熟,果实... 详细信息

突尼斯软籽石榴是优良的鲜食石榴品种,在张家界地区进行了引种试种工作。试验结果表明,突尼斯软籽石榴在该地区全年植株生育期约240 d,一般于3月底开始萌芽,4月展叶现蕾,5~6月份开花,7月初左右生理落果,9~10月果实开始着色、成熟,果实发育期约150 d,成熟果实品质优良。在栽培过程中应注意疏枝去冗和调控树体生长势等工作,当主干枝和结果枝组茁壮生长时树体完全花和座果数量较多。

关键词：突尼斯软籽石榴引种栽培技术

Mechatronic design of a novel linear compliant positioning stage with large travel range and high out-of-plane payload capacity

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第2期12卷 265-278页

作者： hua LIU xin xie Ruoyu TAN Lianchao ZHANG Dapeng FAN College of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation NationalUniversity of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

Most of the XY positioning stages proposed in previous studies are mainly designed by considering only a single performance indicator of the stage. As a result, the other performance indicators are relatively weak. In this study, a 2-degree-of-freedom linear compliant positioning stage （LCPS） is developed by mechatronic design to balance the interacting performance indicators and realize the desired positioning stage. The key parameters and the coupling of the structure and actuators are completely considered in the design. The LCPS consists of four voice coil motors （VCMs）, which are conformally designed for compactness, and six spatial leaf spring parallelograms. These parallelograms are serially connected for a large travel range and a high out-of-plane payload capacity. The mechatronic model is established by matrix structural analysis for structural modeling and by Kirchhof^s law for the VCMs. The sensitivities of the key parameters are analyzed, and the design parameters are subsequently determined. The analytical model of the stage is confirmed by experiments. The stage has a travel range of 4.4 mm 7.0 mm and a 0.16% area ratio of workspace to the outer dimension of the stage. The values of these performance indicators are greater than those of any existing stage reported in the literature. The closed-loop bandwidth is 9.5 Hz in both working directions. The stage can track a circular trajectory with a radius of 1.5 mm, with 40 Ixm error and a resolution of lower than 3 ~tm. The results of payload tests indicate that the stage has at least 20 kg out- of-plane payload capacity.

关键词： mechatronic design linear compliant posi-tioning stage large travel range high out-of-plane payload

Homopolypeptide Vesicles Triggered by Side-Chain Hydration

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第12期40卷 1631-1639,I0009页

作者： xin-Jie Shi Zhen Liu Yang-Chun xie Min Xu Xiao-hua He School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Physics and Electronic Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic ResonanceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

The formation of homopolypeptide vesicles and the identification of their self-assembly mechanism have been challenging issues in the field of polymer self-assembly. Using complementary circular dichroism(CD), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF-NMR) spectroscopies, in this study we show that the higher hydrophilic ability of side-chains is a key factor for the formation of homopolypeptide vesicles from homo poly(Nε-carbobenzoxy-L-lysine)(PZlys), in which the vesicular structures are confirmed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) measurements. Poly(γ-benzyl-Lglutamate-co-Nε-carbobenzoxy-L-lysine) [P(BLG-co-Zlys)] containing different molar ratios of BLG to Zlys units with the same peptide backbone as PZlys are used as the controls. The copolypeptides can only form micelles under the same conditions, due to the more hydrophobic nature of their side-chains. These results show that the specific side-chain structure of the polypeptides plays a fundamental role in the self-assembly of homopolypeptides. These findings can be useful to understand how the hydrophilicity of the side chains of amino acid residues on the surface of a protein affects its structures.

关键词： Polypeptide Vesicle Self-assembly Hydrophobic Micelle

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青稞分蘖角度的QTL定位

作物学报 2025年第1期51卷 260-272页

作者：杨景发余鑫莲姚有华姚晓华王蕾吴昆仑李新青海大学农林科学院/青海省作物分子育种重点实验室/青海省青稞遗传育种重点实验室/青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室/青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室青海西宁810016

分蘖角度是青稞株型的主要构成因素,在提高青稞产量与抗倒伏性中发挥着极为重要的作用。为解析青稞分蘖角度的遗传机制,本研究以青稞品种‘达章紫’(株型松散)和‘昆仑10号’(株型紧凑)为亲本构建的RIL群体为材料,基于高密度遗传图谱,... 详细信息

分蘖角度是青稞株型的主要构成因素,在提高青稞产量与抗倒伏性中发挥着极为重要的作用。为解析青稞分蘖角度的遗传机制,本研究以青稞品种‘达章紫’(株型松散)和‘昆仑10号’(株型紧凑)为亲本构建的RIL群体为材料,基于高密度遗传图谱,在多环境中进行青稞分蘖角度的QTL定位,并利用RIL群体衍生的剩余杂合系,对鉴定到的主效QTLqTA7H-1进行精细定位。在青稞7条染色体上共检测到9个控制分蘖角度的QTL,解释表型变异为6.41%~33.57%,其中,qTA3H-1和qTA7H-1为多环境共检测的主效QTL,平均加性效应分别为5.42°(增效)和-3.87°(减效);在减效QTL qTA7H-1初定位区间筛选到4个剩余杂合体,自交衍生F8:9近等基因系,在置信区间内加密设计14对分子标记对RHL群体极端单株进行检测,利用获得的5种交换类型单株,将qTA7H-1进一步界定在PC08(32,252,397)与PA10(41,790,765)约9.54Mb的物理区间内。本研究初步揭示调控青稞分蘖角度的遗传因子,为开展分蘖角度性状的遗传改良与分子设计育种奠定了基础。

关键词：青稞分蘖角度 QTL定位主效位点

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单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe光催化水解性质的第一性原理研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第3期42卷 45-51页

作者：胡新华廖杨芳贵州省贵阳市乌当区第四中学贵阳550018 贵州师范大学物理与电子科学学院贵阳550025

光催化水解制氢为解决能源危机和环境污染问题提供了一种可行的策略.本文通过第一性原理计算,提出了单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe是一种有效的水解光催化剂.结构稳定性分析表明,单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe具有能量和动力学稳定性.电子性质表明,单层Jan... 详细信息

光催化水解制氢为解决能源危机和环境污染问题提供了一种可行的策略.本文通过第一性原理计算,提出了单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe是一种有效的水解光催化剂.结构稳定性分析表明,单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe具有能量和动力学稳定性.电子性质表明,单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe属于间接带隙半导体,有利于降低载流子的复合几率.光催化性能分析表明,单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe的能带边缘位置适合PH=0~14宽范围的光催化水解.此外,单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe具有较高的紫外光和可见光吸收、较大的内建电场、较小的载流子有效质量保证了光生载流子有效分离并快速迁移到反应活性位点参与水的氧化还原反应.研究结果为单层Janus Ga_(2)SSe的合成及其作为水解光催化剂的潜在应用提供了有价值的理论指导.

关键词： Janus材料光催化水解第一性原理

Pharmacological targeting cGAS/STING/NF-κB axis by tryptanthrin induces microglia polarization toward M2 phenotype and promotes functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3287-3301页

作者： Ziwei Fan Mengxian Jia Jian Zhou Zhoule Zhu Yumin Wu Xiaowu Lin Yiming Qian Jiashu Lian xin hua Jianhong Dong Zheyu Fang Yuqing Liu Sibing Chen Xiumin Xue Juanqing Yue Minyu Zhu Ying Wang Zhihui huang Honglin Teng Department of Orthopedics(Spine Surgery) the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Research Center Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

The M1/M2 phenotypic shift of microglia after spinal cord injury plays an important role in the regulation of neuroinflammation during the secondary injury phase of spinal cord *** of shifting microglia polarization from M1(neurotoxic and proinflammatory type)to M2(neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory type)after spinal cord injury appears to be *** possesses an anti-inflammatory biological ***,its roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in spinal cord injury remain *** this study,we found that tryptanthrin inhibited microglia-derived inflammation by promoting polarization to the M2 phenotype in *** promoted M2 polarization through inactivating the cGAS/STING/NF-κB ***,we found that targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway with tryptanthrin shifted microglia from the M1 to M2 phenotype after spinal cord injury,inhibited neuronal loss,and promoted tissue repair and functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord ***,using a conditional co-culture system,we found that microglia treated with tryptanthrin suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress-related neuronal *** together,these results suggest that by targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB axis,tryptanthrin attenuates microglia-derived neuroinflammation and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury through shifting microglia polarization to the M2 phenotype.

关键词： cGAS/STING functional recovery microglia neuroinflammation neuroprotection nuclear factor-κB polarization spinal cord injury tryptanthrin

Unsteady simulation for a high-speed train entering a tunnel

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第12期12卷 957-963页

作者： xin-hua LI Jian DENG Da-wei CHEN Fang-fang xie Yao ZHENG School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China National Engineering Laboratory for System Integration of High-Speed Train （South） CSR Qingdao Sifang Co. Ltd Qingdao 266111 China

In order to study the unsteady aerodynamics effects in railway tunnels,the 3D Reynolds average Navier-Stokes equations of a viscous compressible fluid are solved,and the two-equation k-ε model is used in the simulation of turbulence,while the dynamic grid technique is employed for moving *** focus on obtaining the changing tendencies of the aerodynamic force of the train and the aerodynamic pressures on the tunnel wall and train surface,and discovering the relationship between the velocity of the train and the intensity of the micro pressure wave at the tunnel *** is shown that the amplitudes of the pressure changes in the tunnel and on the train surface are both approximately proportional to the square of the train speed,so are the microwave and the drag of the train.

关键词： High-speed train Aerodynamics Railway tunnel Numerical analysis

A novel restricted-flow etching method for glass

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第11期10卷 1601-1608页

作者： Hai-bo xie Yi ZHENG Yu-run FAN xin FU hua-yong YANG State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

This paper presents a novel micro fabrication method based on the laminar characteristics of micro-scale flows. Therein the separator and etchant are alternatively arranged in micro channels to form multiple laminar streams, and the etchant is located at the site where the reaction is supposed to occur. This new micro fabrication process can be used for the high aspect ratio etching inside a microchannel on glass substrates. Furthermore, the topography of microstructure patterned by this method can be controlled by changing the flow parameters of the separator and etchant. Experiments on the effects of flow parameters on the aspect ratio, side wall profile and etching rate were carried out on a glass substrate. The effect of flow rates on the etching rate and the micro topography was analyzed. In addition, experiments with dynamical changes of the flow rate ratio of the separator and etchant showed that the verticality of the side walls of microstructures can be significantly improved. The restricted flowing etching technique not only abates the isotropic effect in the traditional wet etching but also significantly reduces the dependence on expensive photolithographic equipment.

关键词： Microfluidics Micro fabrication Etching Laminar flow